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Community Blog How to Provide Production-level Stable Diffusion Services Based on Knative

How to Provide Production-level Stable Diffusion Services Based on Knative

This article discusses the challenges faced by the AI Generative Content (AIGC) project Stable Diffusion in terms of limited processing capacity and precious GPU resources.

By Peng Li (Yuanyi)

Background

As generative AI capabilities improve, more attention is being paid to enhancing research and development efficiency through AI models. As a well-known project in the AI Generative Content (AIGC) field, Stable Diffusion can help users quickly and accurately generate desired scenes and pictures. However, the current use of Stable Diffusion faces the following problems:

• The processing capacity of a single pod is limited, and multiple requests forwarded to the same pod can overburden the server. Therefore, it is important to accurately control the number of concurrent requests processed by a single pod.
• GPU resources are precious, and it is essential to use resources on demand and release GPU resources in a timely manner during low business hours.

Based on these issues, we offer the Knative solution, which enables precision processing based on concurrent request numbers and auto scaling to create a Stable Diffusion service that is production-ready.

Architecture

We provide the Knative + Microservices Engine (MSE) solution in Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes to address the preceding problems:

• Use MSE gateways to implement accurate forwarding based on the amount of concurrency.
• Use Knative to enable auto scaling based on request.

1

Practice

Service Deployment

  1. On the Clusters page, click the target cluster to go to the Cluster Information page. In the left-side navigation bar, choose Applications > Knative.
  2. On the Knative page, click the Services tab and click Create from Template.
  3. Select default from the drop-down list of Namespace. Select Knative Service from the drop-down list of Sample Template. Copy the following YAML example to the template. Then click Create. A service named knative-sd-demo is created by default.
apiVersion: serving.knative.dev/v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: knative-sd-demo
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      annotations:
        autoscaling.knative.dev/class: mpa.autoscaling.knative.dev
        autoscaling.knative.dev/maxScale: '10'
        autoscaling.knative.dev/targetUtilizationPercentage: "100"
        k8s.aliyun.com/eci-extra-ephemeral-storage: 50Gi
        k8s.aliyun.com/eci-use-specs: ecs.gn5-c4g1.xlarge,ecs.gn5i-c8g1.2xlarge,ecs.gn5-c8g1.2xlarge
    spec:
      containerConcurrency: 1
      containers:
      - args:
        - --listen
        - --skip-torch-cuda-test
        - --api
        command:
        - python3
        - launch.py
        image: yunqi-registry.cn-shanghai.cr.aliyuncs.com/lab/stable-diffusion@sha256:1c9c8fa97bc70901fc992679fd90ad622a6e54e484659766d5eab127207e9d32
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 7860
          name: http1
          protocol: TCP
        name: stable-diffusion
        readinessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 7860
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 1
          failureThreshold: 3

On the Services tab, you can see the deployment status of knative-sd-demo.

2

Service Access

After the hosts are bound to 47.96.XX.XX knative-sd-demo.default.example.com, enter the domain name http://knative-sd-demo.default.example.com/ in the browser to access the Stable Diffusion service.

3

Request-based Auto Scaling

Run the hey command to perform a stress test. The concurrency is set to 5, then 50 requests are sent, and the request timeout period is 180 seconds.

./hey -n 50 -c 5 -t 180 -m POST -T "application/json"  -d '{"prompt": "pretty dog"}' http://knative-sd-demo.default.example.com/sdapi/v1/txt2img

Run the watch command to observe pod scaling in real time.

watch -n 1 'kubectl get po'

3_

 ./hey -n 50 -c 5 -t 180 -m POST -T "application/json"  -d '{"prompt": "pretty dog"}' http://knative-sd-demo.default.example.com/sdapi/v1/txt2img

Summary:
  Total:    252.1749 secs
  Slowest:    62.4155 secs
  Fastest:    9.9399 secs
  Average:    23.9748 secs
  Requests/sec:    0.1983


Response time histogram:
  9.940 [1]    |■■
  15.187 [17]    |■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
  20.435 [9]    |■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
  25.683 [11]    |■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
  30.930 [1]    |■■
  36.178 [1]    |■■
  41.425 [3]    |■■■■■■■
  46.673 [1]    |■■
  51.920 [2]    |■■■■■
  57.168 [1]    |■■
  62.415 [3]    |■■■■■■■


Latency distribution:
  10% in 10.4695 secs
  25% in 14.8245 secs
  50% in 20.0772 secs
  75% in 30.5207 secs
  90% in 50.7006 secs
  95% in 61.5010 secs
  0% in 0.0000 secs

Details (average, fastest, slowest):
  DNS+dialup:    0.0424 secs, 9.9399 secs, 62.4155 secs
  DNS-lookup:    0.0385 secs, 0.0000 secs, 0.3855 secs
  req write:    0.0000 secs, 0.0000 secs, 0.0004 secs
  resp wait:    23.8850 secs, 9.9089 secs, 62.3562 secs
  resp read:    0.0471 secs, 0.0166 secs, 0.1834 secs

Status code distribution:
  [200]    50 responses

Effect: As the maximum concurrency of a single pod is set to 1 (containerConcurrency: 1), you can see that five pods are created during the stress test. In addition, after 50 requests are continuously sent, the request success rate is 100%.

Observable Dashboard

Knative provides out-of-the-box observability. On the Knative page, click the Monitoring Dashboard tab. You can see the monitoring data of the Stable Diffusion service, including the request volume, success rate, 4xx (client error), 5xx (server error), and pod scaling trend.

4

In the Response Time section, you can see the response latency data of Knative, including P50, P90, P95 and P99.

5

Summary

With the accurate request processing and auto scaling capabilities of Knative, Stable Diffusion is production-ready and can meet the serverless requirements in the AIGC field.

Developers Kubernetes cloud native Knative ACK MSE Generative AI Stable Diffusion AIGC
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