Data Transmission Service (DTS) lets you synchronize data from a MySQL database, such as a self-managed MySQL database or an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance, to a Doris database for large-scale data analytics. This topic describes the procedure using an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance as the source and a Doris database deployed on an ECS instance as the destination.
Prerequisites
A destination Doris database is created. The available storage space of the destination database must be larger than the storage space used by the source ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.
For more information about the supported versions of the source and destination databases, see Overview of data synchronization solutions.
Usage notes
Type | Description |
Source database limits |
|
Other limits |
|
Special cases |
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Billing
| Synchronization type | Task configuration fee |
| Schema synchronization and full data synchronization | Free of charge. |
| Incremental data synchronization | Charged. For more information, see Billing overview. |
SQL operations that support incremental synchronization
Operation type | SQL statement |
DML | INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE |
DDL |
|
Permissions required for database accounts
Database | Required permissions | Creation and authorization method |
Source ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance | The read and write permissions on the objects to be synchronized | |
Destination Doris database | The access permissions (Usage_priv) and read/write permissions (Select_priv, Load_priv, Alter_priv, Create_priv, and Drop_priv) on the database |
If the source database account that you use is not created and authorized in the ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL console, you must ensure that the account has the REPLICATION CLIENT, REPLICATION SLAVE, SHOW VIEW, and SELECT permissions.
Procedure
Use one of the following methods to go to the Data Synchronization page and select the region in which the data synchronization instance resides.
DTS console
Log on to the DTS console.
In the left-side navigation pane, click Data Synchronization.
In the upper-left corner of the page, select the region in which the data synchronization task resides.
DMS console
NoteThe actual operations may vary based on the mode and layout of the DMS console. For more information, see Simple mode and Customize the layout and style of the DMS console.
Log on to the DMS console.
In the top navigation bar, move the pointer over Data + AI and choose .
From the drop-down list to the right of Data Synchronization Tasks, select the region in which the data synchronization instance resides.
Click Create Task to go to the task configuration page.
Configure the source and destination databases. The following table describes the parameters.
Category
Configuration
Description
N/A
Task Name
The name of the DTS task. DTS automatically generates a task name. We recommend that you specify a descriptive name that makes it easy to identify the task. You do not need to specify a unique task name.
Source Database
Select Existing Connection
If you use a database instance that is registered with DTS, select the instance from the drop-down list. DTS automatically populates the following database parameters for the instance. For more information, see Manage database connections.
NoteIn the DMS console, you can select the database instance from the Select a DMS database instance drop-down list.
If you fail to register the instance with DTS, or you do not need to use the instance that is registered with DTS, you must configure the following database information.
Database Type
Select MySQL.
Access Method
Select Alibaba Cloud Instance.
Instance Region
Select the region where the source ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance resides.
Replicate Data Across Alibaba Cloud Accounts
In this example, a database of the current Alibaba Cloud account is used. Select No.
RDS Instance ID
Select the ID of the source ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.
Database Account
Enter the database account of the source ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance. For information about the required permissions, see Permissions required for database accounts.
Database Password
The password that is used to access the database.
Encryption
Specifies whether to encrypt the connection to the database. You can select Non-encrypted or SSL-encrypted based on your business requirements. If you want to set this parameter to SSL-encrypted, you must enable SSL encryption for the ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance before you configure the DTS task. For more information, see Use a cloud certificate to enable SSL encryption.
Destination Database
Select Existing Connection
If you use a database instance that is registered with DTS, select the instance from the drop-down list. DTS automatically populates the following database parameters for the instance. For more information, see Manage database connections.
NoteIn the DMS console, you can select the database instance from the Select a DMS database instance drop-down list.
If you fail to register the instance with DTS, or you do not need to use the instance that is registered with DTS, you must configure the following database information.
Database Type
Select Doris.
Access Method
Select a connection type based on the deployment location of the destination database. In this example, select Self-managed Database on ECS.
NoteWhen you connect to a self-managed database using other connection types, you must also perform the corresponding preparations. For more information, see Preparations.
Instance Region
Select the region where the destination Doris database resides.
ECS Instance ID
Select the ID of the ECS instance where the destination Doris database is deployed.
NoteIf the destination Doris database is deployed on multiple ECS instances, for example, BE or FE nodes are deployed on other ECS instances, you must manually add the CIDR blocks of DTS servers to the security rules of each ECS instance where the nodes are deployed.
Port Number
Enter the service port of the destination Doris database. The default value is 9030.
Database Account
Enter the database account of the destination Doris database. For information about the required permissions, see Permissions required for database accounts.
Database Password
The password that is used to access the database.
In the lower part of the page, click Test Connectivity and Proceed. In the CIDR Blocks of DTS Servers dialog box, click Test Connectivity.
NoteMake sure that the CIDR blocks of DTS servers can be automatically or manually added to the security settings of the source and destination databases to allow access from DTS servers. For more information, see Add DTS server IP addresses to a whitelist.
Configure the objects to be synchronized.
In the Configure Objects step, configure the objects that you want to synchronize.
Configuration
Description
Synchronization Types
The synchronization types. By default, Incremental Data Synchronization is selected. You must also select Schema Synchronization and Full Data Synchronization. After the precheck is complete, DTS synchronizes the historical data of the selected objects from the source database to the destination cluster. The historical data is the basis for subsequent incremental synchronization.
ImportantWhen you synchronize data from a MySQL database to a Doris database, the data types are converted. If you do not select Schema Synchronization, you must create tables that use the Unique Key or Duplicate Key model in the destination Doris database in advance. For more information, see Data type mappings, Additional columns, and Unique Key Model.
Processing Mode of Conflicting Tables
Precheck and Report Errors: Checks whether a table with the same name exists in the destination database. If no table with the same name exists, the check passes. If a table with the same name exists, an error is reported during the precheck and the data synchronization task is not started.
NoteIf you cannot delete or rename the table with the same name in the destination database, you can change the name of the table in the destination database. For more information, see Map table and column names.
Ignore Errors and Proceed: Skips the check for tables with the same name in the destination database.
WarningIf you select Ignore Errors and Proceed, data inconsistency may occur, which poses risks to your business. For example:
If the table schemas are consistent and a record in the destination database has the same primary key or unique key value as a record in the source database, DTS does not retain the record in the destination database. The record from the source database overwrites the record in the destination database.
If the table schemas are inconsistent, data initialization may fail, only some columns of data can be synchronized, or the synchronization may fail. Proceed with caution.
Capitalization of Object Names in Destination Instance
The capitalization of database names, table names, and column names in the destination instance. By default, DTS default policy is selected. You can select other options to ensure that the capitalization of object names is consistent with that in the source or destination database. For more information, see Specify the capitalization of object names in the destination instance.
Source Objects
Select one or more objects from the Source Objects section and click the
icon to add the objects to the Selected Objects section. NoteYou can select databases or tables as the objects to be synchronized.
Selected Objects
To rename an object that you want to synchronize to the destination instance, right-click the object in the Selected Objects section. For more information, see the "Map the name of a single object" section of the Map object names topic.
If you select Schema Synchronization for the Synchronization Types parameter, you can select only tables as the objects to be synchronized and the
bucket_countparameter must be set. Right-click a table to be migrated in the Selected Objects section, select Yes for the Enable Parameter Settings parameter in the Parameter Settings section that appears, specify Value based on your business requirements, and click OK.
NoteTo select the SQL operations performed on a specific database or table, right-click an object in the Selected Objects section. In the dialog box that appears, select the SQL operations that you want to synchronize.
To specify WHERE conditions to filter data, right-click a table in the Selected Objects section. In the dialog box that appears, specify the conditions. For more information, see Specify filter conditions.
If you use the object name mapping feature to rename an object, other objects that are dependent on the object may fail to be synchronized.
Click Next: Advanced Settings to configure advanced settings.
Configuration
Description
Dedicated Cluster for Task Scheduling
By default, DTS schedules the task to the shared cluster if you do not specify a dedicated cluster. If you want to improve the stability of data synchronization instances, purchase a dedicated cluster. For more information, see What is a DTS dedicated cluster.
Retry Time for Failed Connections
The retry time range for failed connections. If the source or destination database fails to be connected after the data synchronization task is started, DTS immediately retries a connection within the time range. Valid values: 10 to 1440. Unit: minutes. Default value: 720. We recommend that you set this parameter to a value greater than 30. If DTS reconnects to the source and destination databases within the specified time range, DTS resumes the data synchronization task. Otherwise, the data synchronization task fails.
NoteIf you specify different retry time ranges for multiple data synchronization tasks that have the same source or destination database, the shortest retry time range takes precedence.
When DTS retries a connection, you are charged for the DTS instance. We recommend that you specify the retry time range based on your business requirements. You can also release the DTS instance at your earliest opportunity after the source and destination instances are released.
Retry Time for Other Issues
The retry time range for other issues. For example, if the DDL or DML operations fail to be performed after the data synchronization task is started, DTS immediately retries the operations within the time range. Valid values: 1 to 1440. Unit: minutes. Default value: 10. We recommend that you set this parameter to a value greater than 10. If the failed operations are successfully performed within the specified time range, DTS resumes the data synchronization task. Otherwise, the data synchronization task fails.
ImportantThe value of the Retry Time for Other Issues parameter must be smaller than the value of the Retry Time for Failed Connections parameter.
Enable Throttling for Full Data Synchronization
During full data synchronization, DTS uses the read and write resources of the source and destination databases. This may increase the load on the database servers. You can configure the Queries per second (QPS) to the source database, RPS of Full Data Migration, and Data migration speed for full migration (MB/s) parameters for full data synchronization tasks to reduce the load on the destination database server.
NoteYou can configure this parameter only if Full Data Synchronization is selected for the Synchronization Types parameter.
Enable Throttling for Incremental Data Synchronization
Specifies whether to enable throttling for incremental data synchronization. You can enable throttling for incremental data synchronization based on your business requirements. To configure throttling, you must configure the RPS of Incremental Data Synchronization and Data synchronization speed for incremental synchronization (MB/s) parameters. This reduces the load on the destination database server.
Whether to delete SQL operations on heartbeat tables of forward and reverse tasks
Specifies whether to write SQL operations on heartbeat tables to the source database while the DTS instance is running. Valid values:
Yes: does not write SQL operations on heartbeat tables. In this case, a latency of the DTS instance may be displayed.
No: writes SQL operations on heartbeat tables. In this case, features such as physical backup and cloning of the source database may be affected.
Environment Tag
You can select an environment tag to identify the instance as needed. You do not need to configure this parameter in this example.
Configure ETL
Specifies whether to enable the extract, transform, and load (ETL) feature. For more information, see What is ETL? Valid values:
Yes: configures the ETL feature. You can enter data processing statements in the code editor. For more information, see Configure ETL in a data migration or data synchronization task.
No: does not configure the ETL feature.
Monitoring and Alerting
Specifies whether to configure alerting for the data synchronization instance. If the task fails or the synchronization latency exceeds the specified threshold, alert contacts will receive notifications. Valid values:
No: does not enable alerting.
Yes: configures alerting. In this case, you must also configure the alert threshold and alert notification settings. For more information, see the "Configure monitoring and alerting when you create a DTS task" section of the Configure monitoring and alerting topic.
Optional. In the lower part of the page, click Next: Configure Database and Table Fields. In the dialog box that appears, specify Primary Key Column, Distribution Key, and Engine parameters for the tables that you want to synchronize.
NoteThis step is available only if you select Schema Synchronization for the Synchronization Types parameter. You can set Definition Status to All and modify the database and table fields.
You can select multiple columns for the Primary Key Column parameter from the drop-down list. One or more columns specified for the Primary Key Column parameter can be selected for the Distribution Key parameter.
If the table does not have primary keys or UNIQUE constraints, select duplicate for the Engine parameter. Otherwise, the data synchronization task may fail or data loss may occur.
Save the task settings and run a precheck.
To view the parameters to be specified when you call the relevant API operation to configure the DTS task, move the pointer over Next: Save Task Settings and Precheck and click Preview OpenAPI parameters.
If you do not need to view or have viewed the parameters, click Next: Save Task Settings and Precheck in the lower part of the page.
NoteBefore you can start the data synchronization task, DTS performs a precheck. You can start the data synchronization task only after the task passes the precheck.
If the data synchronization task fails the precheck, click View Details next to each failed item. After you analyze the causes based on the check results, troubleshoot the issues. Then, rerun the precheck.
If an alert is triggered for an item during the precheck:
If an alert item cannot be ignored, click View Details next to the failed item and troubleshoot the issue. Then, run a precheck again.
If an alert item can be ignored, click Confirm Alert Details. In the View Details dialog box, click Ignore. In the message that appears, click OK. Then, click Precheck Again to run a precheck again. If you ignore the alert item, data inconsistency may occur, and your business may be exposed to potential risks.
Purchase the instance.
Wait until the Success Rate becomes 100%. Then, click Next: Purchase Instance.
On the buy page, configure the Billing Method and Instance Class parameters for the data synchronization task. The following table describes the parameters.
Section
Parameter
Description
New Instance Class
Billing Method
Subscription: You pay for a subscription when you create a data synchronization instance. The subscription billing method is more cost-effective than the pay-as-you-go billing method for long-term use.
Pay-as-you-go: A pay-as-you-go instance is billed on an hourly basis. The pay-as-you-go billing method is suitable for short-term use. If you no longer require a pay-as-you-go data synchronization instance, you can release the instance to reduce costs.
Resource Group Settings
The resource group to which the data synchronization instance belongs. Default value: default resource group. For more information, see What is Resource Management?
Instance Class
DTS provides instance classes that vary in synchronization speed. You can select an instance class based on your business requirements. For more information, see Instance classes of data synchronization instances.
Subscription Duration
If you select the subscription billing method, specify the subscription duration and the number of data synchronization instances that you want to create. The subscription duration can be one to nine months, one year, two years, three years, or five years.
NoteThis parameter is available only if you select the Subscription billing method.
Read and select Data Transmission Service (Pay-as-you-go) Service Terms.
Click Buy and Start. In the dialog box that appears, click OK.
You can view the progress of the task in the task list.
Data type mappings
Category | Data type in MySQL | Data type in Doris |
Numeric | TINYINT | TINYINT |
TINYINT UNSIGNED | SMALLINT | |
SMALLINT | SMALLINT | |
SMALLINT UNSIGNED | INT | |
MEDIUMINT | INT | |
MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED | BIGINT | |
INT | INT | |
INT UNSIGNED | BIGINT | |
BIGINT | BIGINT | |
BIGINT UNSIGNED | LARGEINT | |
BIT(M) | INT | |
Decimal | Decimal Note ZEROFILL is not supported. | |
Numeric | Decimal | |
Float | Float | |
Double | DOUBLE | |
| BOOLEAN | |
DATE AND TIME | DATE | DATEV2 |
DATETIME[(fsp)] | DATETIMEV2 | |
Timestamp[(fsp)] | DATETIMEV2 | |
Time[(fsp)] | VARCHAR | |
YEAR[(4)] | INT | |
STRING |
| VARCHAR Important To avoid data loss, data of the CHAR and VARCHAR(n) types is converted to VARCHAR(4*n) after the data is synchronized to the destination Doris database.
|
| STRING | |
| STRING | |
| STRING | |
ENUM | STRING | |
SET | STRING | |
JSON | STRING |
Additional columns
The following table describes the additional columns that are automatically added by DTS or that you must manually add to the destination tables that use the Duplicate Key model.
Name | Data type | Default value | Description |
_is_deleted | Int | 0 | Indicates whether the data is deleted.
|
_version | Bigint | 0 |
|
_record_id | Bigint | 0 |
|