All Products
Search
Document Center

File Storage NAS:General-purpose NAS

Last Updated:Apr 30, 2026

General-purpose NAS is designed to store frequently accessed data. It offers three performance tiers: Capacity, Premium, and Performance. This topic describes the performance metrics, supported file protocols, storage classes, advanced features, and use cases for each tier to help you select the right NAS type. For latency-sensitive applications, use Extreme NAS.

Performance metrics

Item

Capacity NAS

Premium NAS

Performance NAS

Throughput (peak)

Starts with 150 MB/s of read/write throughput. Throughput increases by 0.15 MB/s for every 1 GiB of used capacity. The maximum read throughput is 10 GB/s and the maximum write throughput is 5 GB/s.

Starts with 300 MB/s of read/write throughput. Throughput increases by 0.3 MB/s for every 1 GiB of used capacity. The maximum read throughput is 20 GB/s and the maximum write throughput is 5 GB/s.

Starts with 600 MB/s of read/write throughput. Throughput increases by 0.6 MB/s for every 1 GiB of used capacity. The maximum read throughput is 20 GB/s and the maximum write throughput is 5 GB/s.

IOPS

Up to 15,000.

Up to 30,000.

Up to 30,000.

Average latency for 4 KiB single-threaded reads

10 ms

2 ms

2 ms

Average latency for 4 KiB single-threaded writes

10 ms

2 ms

2 ms

Capacity

0 to 10 PiB

0 to 1 PiB

0 to 1 PiB

Scaling increment

4 KiB

4 KiB

4 KiB

Scaling method

Auto scaling

Auto scaling

Auto scaling

Note
  • Used capacity = Standard storage + Infrequent Access (IA) storage + Archive storage + recycle bin usage. Capacity is calculated in binary units, such as PiB, TiB, GiB, MiB, or KiB. A file smaller than 4 KiB is billed as 4 KiB. A file larger than 4 KiB is billed as a rounded-up multiple of 4 KiB.

  • For more information about IOPS, see What is IOPS?

  • Average latency is the average of read or write operation times within a 1-second interval.

  • In some regions, the maximum throughput of General-purpose NAS file systems has additional limits. For more information, see Throughput.

File protocols

Protocol type

Capacity NAS

Premium NAS

Performance NAS

NFS

Supports the NFSv3 and NFSv4.0 protocols.

SMB

Supports SMB 2.0 and later versions.

File storage classes

General-purpose NAS offers different storage classes for cost-effective storage: Standard, Infrequent Access (IA), and Archive.

  • Standard storage: Offers highly reliable, available, and high-performance file storage for frequently accessed data. After a file system is created, its data is first stored in the Standard storage class. You can then use lifecycle policies to transition data to the IA or Archive storage classes. For more information about Standard storage for General-purpose NAS, see General-purpose NAS.

  • Infrequent Access (IA) storage: Provides highly durable file storage at a lower cost. Data is accessible in real time. When you access data in the IA storage class, you are charged for read/write traffic. This storage class is suitable for workloads with a low access frequency, such as one to three times per month on average.

  • Archive storage: Provides highly durable file storage at an extremely low cost. Data is accessible in real time. When you access data in the Archive storage class, you are charged for read/write traffic. This storage class is suitable for long-term data preservation with an average access frequency of one to two times per quarter, such as for data auditing and archiving.

For more information about file storage classes, see File storage classes.

Operating systems

General-purpose NAS supports Linux and Windows operating systems. To achieve optimal performance, use the recommended kernel images or later versions. For more information about the kernel images recommended for NAS, see Recommended kernel images.

We recommend that you use NFS file systems for Linux operating systems and containers, and use SMB file systems for Windows operating systems. Compatibility issues may arise in cross-protocol mount scenarios. For more information, see FAQ about file read, write, and access.

Advanced features

General-purpose NAS supports the following advanced features:

Category

Scenario

Description

References

Access control

RAM-based access control

Resource Access Management (RAM) is an Alibaba Cloud service for managing access to your cloud resources. RAM policies are user-based authorization policies. You can use RAM to centrally manage your users, such as employees, systems, or applications, and control their access permissions. For example, you can grant a user read-only permissions on a specific file system.

Control NAS access with RAM policies

ACL-based access control

NAS supports SMB ACLs and NFS ACLs. You can choose the appropriate ACL type to control access to your resources.

Data security

Data encryption

NAS supports server-side encryption and encryption in transit. You can select an appropriate method to encrypt your data before you store it in NAS.

Restoration of accidentally deleted data

NAS supports the recycle bin feature. After you enable the recycle bin, deleted files or directories are automatically moved to the recycle bin and then permanently deleted after a specified retention period.

Recycle bin

Data management

Lifecycle management

NAS supports the lifecycle management feature. After you enable lifecycle management, files that meet the policy criteria are automatically transitioned to IA or Archive storage.

Data backup

You can use NAS to periodically back up NAS files and restore them in the event of data loss or damage.

Back up General-purpose NAS file systems

Data migration

NAS allows you to migrate data from non-Alibaba Cloud storage services to NAS and from NAS to other storage media.

Quota management

Directory quota creation

The quota feature lets you manage directory-level quotas for General-purpose NAS file systems, including adding, editing, and deleting quotas.

Manage directory quotas

Use cases

General-purpose NAS provides benefits such as large capacity, high cost-effectiveness, and elastic scalability.

  • Performance NAS: Ideal for latency-sensitive file sharing workloads, such as enterprise applications on Linux or Windows, container PersistentVolumes (PVs), web content management, and genetic computing.

  • Premium NAS: Ideal for latency-sensitive file sharing workloads, such as persistent data storage for containers, AI training data storage, industrial simulation, and genetic computing.

  • Capacity NAS: Ideal for cost-sensitive file sharing workloads with moderate latency requirements, such as database backups, log storage, Windows user directories, and Linux home directories.

For more information about the use cases for NAS, see Scenarios.

Pricing

For more information about the billing rules for General-purpose NAS file systems, see Billing of General-purpose NAS. For detailed pricing information, see the File Storage NAS Pricing page.

For more information about billing-related questions for General-purpose NAS, see Billing FAQs.

Regions and zones

General-purpose NAS is available in Capacity, Premium, and Performance tiers. The following tables list the regions and zones where each tier is available.

Capacity NAS

Region

Zone

China (Hangzhou)

  • China (Hangzhou) Zone F

  • China (Hangzhou) Zone K

China (Shanghai)

  • China (Shanghai) Zone H

  • China (Shanghai) Zone L

  • China (Shanghai) Zone M

  • China (Shanghai) Zone B

China (Qingdao)

China (Qingdao) Zone C

China (Beijing)

  • China (Beijing) Zone H

  • China (Beijing) Zone L

China (Zhangjiakou)

China (Zhangjiakou) Zone C

China (Hohhot)

China (Hohhot) Zone A

China (Shenzhen)

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone A

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone D

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone E

China (Chengdu)

China (Chengdu) Zone A

China (Zhongwei)

China (Zhongwei) Zone A

China (Hong Kong)

China (Hong Kong) Zone B

Philippines (Manila)

Philippines (Manila) Zone A

Thailand (Bangkok)

Thailand (Bangkok) Zone A

US (Virginia)

US (Virginia) Zone B

US (Silicon Valley)

US (Silicon Valley) Zone B

UK (London)

UK (London) Zone A

Germany (Frankfurt)

Germany (Frankfurt) Zone A

Japan (Tokyo)

  • Japan (Tokyo) Zone A

  • Japan (Tokyo) Zone B

Indonesia (Jakarta)

Indonesia (Jakarta) Zone A

Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)

Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur) Zone A

Singapore

  • Singapore Zone A

  • Singapore Zone C

Saudi Arabia (Riyadh)

Saudi Arabia (Riyadh) Zone A

Premium NAS

Region

Zone

China (Hangzhou)

  • China (Hangzhou) Zone G

  • China (Hangzhou) Zone F

China (Shanghai)

  • China (Shanghai) Zone L

  • China (Shanghai) Zone B

  • China (Shanghai) Zone E

China (Beijing)

  • China (Beijing) Zone E

  • China (Beijing) Zone H

China (Hohhot)

China (Hohhot) Zone A

China (Shenzhen)

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone A

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone D

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone B

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone E

China (Chengdu)

China (Chengdu) Zone A

China (Hong Kong)

  • China (Hong Kong) Zone B

  • China (Hong Kong) Zone D

US (Virginia)

US (Virginia) Zone A

US (Silicon Valley)

US (Silicon Valley) Zone B

UK (London)

UK (London) Zone A

Germany (Frankfurt)

Germany (Frankfurt) Zone A

Japan (Tokyo)

  • Japan (Tokyo) Zone A

  • Japan (Tokyo) Zone B

Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)

Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur) Zone A

South Korea (Seoul)

South Korea (Seoul) Zone A

Singapore

  • Singapore Zone A

  • Singapore Zone C

Performance NAS

Region

Zone

China (Hangzhou)

  • China (Hangzhou) Zone G

  • China (Hangzhou) Zone F

China (Shanghai)

  • China (Shanghai) Zone L

  • China (Shanghai) Zone B

  • China (Shanghai) Zone E

China (Beijing)

  • China (Beijing) Zone E

  • China (Beijing) Zone H

China (Hohhot)

China (Hohhot) Zone A

China (Shenzhen)

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone A

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone D

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone B

  • China (Shenzhen) Zone E

China (Chengdu)

China (Chengdu) Zone A

China (Hong Kong)

  • China (Hong Kong) Zone B

  • China (Hong Kong) Zone D

US (Virginia)

US (Virginia) Zone A

US (Silicon Valley)

US (Silicon Valley) Zone B

UK (London)

UK (London) Zone A

Germany (Frankfurt)

Germany (Frankfurt) Zone A

Japan (Tokyo)

  • Japan (Tokyo) Zone A

  • Japan (Tokyo) Zone B

Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)

Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur) Zone A

South Korea (Seoul)

South Korea (Seoul) Zone A

Singapore

  • Singapore Zone A

  • Singapore Zone C