Data Transmission Service:Migrate data from a MaxCompute project to an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance

Precautions

• DTS uses read and write resources of the source and destination databases during full data migration. This may increase the loads of the database servers. If the database performance is unfavorable, the specification is low, or the data volume is large, database services may become unavailable. For example, DTS occupies a large amount of read and write resources in the following cases: a large number of slow SQL queries are performed on the source database, the tables have no primary keys, or a deadlock occurs in the destination database. Before you migrate data, evaluate the impact of data migration on the performance of the source and destination databases. We recommend that you migrate data during off-peak hours. For example, you can migrate data when the CPU utilization of the source and destination databases is less than 30%.
• DTS automatically creates a database in the destination ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance. However, if the name of the source database is invalid, you must manually create a database in the destination instance before you configure the data migration task.
  Note For more information about the naming conventions of ApsaraDB RDS and how to create a database, see Create databases and accounts for an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.
• To ensure data consistency, we recommend that you do not write data to the source MaxCompute project during full data migration.
• If a data migration task fails, DTS automatically resumes the task. Before you switch your workloads to the destination instance, stop or release the data migration task. Otherwise, the data in the source database overwrites the data in the destination instance after the task is resumed.
• MaxCompute does not support the PRIMARY KEY constraint. If network errors occur, DTS retries the data migration task. In this case, duplicate data records may be migrated to the destination tables that do not have primary keys.
• DTS cannot migrate incremental data from a MaxCompute project to an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.
  Note To ensure data consistency, we recommend that you do not write data to the source MaxCompute project during data migration.

Supported destination database types

You can use DTS to migrate data to the following types of MySQL databases:

• Self-managed database hosted on Elastic Compute Service (ECS)
• Self-managed database connected over Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway
• Self-managed database connected over Database Gateway
• ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instances that are owned by the same Alibaba Cloud account as the MaxCompute project or a different Alibaba Cloud account from the MaxCompute project

Billing

Migration types

Procedure

1. Log on to the DTS console.
   Note If you are redirected to the Data Management (DMS) console, you can click the icon in the lower-right corner to go to the previous version of the DTS console.
2. In the left-side navigation pane, click Data Migration.
3. At the top of the Migration Tasks page, select the region where the destination cluster resides.
4. Configure the source and destination databases.
   

   Section	Parameter	Description
   Source Database	Instance Type	Select MaxCompute.
   	Instance Region	The region where the source MaxCompute project resides.
   	Project	The name of the MaxCompute project. You can search for a project on the Workspaces page in the DataWorks console.
   Destination Database	Instance Type	Select RDS Instance.
   	Instance Region	The region where the destination ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance resides.
   	RDS Instance ID	The ID of the destination ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.
   	Database Account	The database account of the destination ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance. The account must have read and write permissions on the destination database.
   	Database Password	The password of the database account. After you specify the destination database parameters, click Test Connectivity next to Database Password to verify whether the specified parameters are valid. Note If the specified parameters are valid, the Passed message is displayed. If the Failed message is displayed, click Check next to Failed. Modify the destination database parameters based on the check results.
   	Encryption	Select Non-encrypted or SSL-encrypted. If you want to select SSL-encrypted, you must enable SSL encryption for the ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance before you configure the data migration task. For more information, see Configure SSL encryption for an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.

5. In the lower-right corner of the page, click Set Whitelist and Next.
   Warning If the CIDR blocks of DTS servers are automatically or manually added to the whitelist of the database or instance, or to the ECS security group rules, security risks may arise. Therefore, before you use DTS to migrate data, you must understand and acknowledge the potential risks and take preventive measures, including but not limited to the following measures: enhance the security of your username and password, limit the ports that are exposed, authenticate API calls, regularly check the whitelist or ECS security group rules and forbid unauthorized CIDR blocks, or connect the database to DTS by using Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway.
6. In the lower-right corner of the page, click Next. In this step, the permissions on the MaxCompute project are granted to the migration account. The following figure provides an example.
   
7. Select the migration type and the objects to be migrated.
   

   Setting	Description
   Select the migration types	Select Schema Migration and Full Data Migration. Note DTS cannot migrate incremental data from a MaxCompute project to an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.
   Select the objects that you want to migrate	Select one or more objects from the Source Objects section and click the icon to add the objects to the Selected Objects section. Note You can select columns, tables, or databases as the objects to migrate. By default, after an object is migrated to the destination database, the name of the object remains unchanged. You can use the object name mapping feature to rename the objects that are migrated to the destination database. For more information, see Object name mapping. If you use the object name mapping feature to rename an object, other objects that are dependent on the object may fail to be migrated.
   Specify the retry time range for failed connections to the source or destination database	By default, if DTS fails to connect to the source or destination database, DTS retries within the following 12 hours. You can specify the retry time range based on your business requirements. If DTS is reconnected to the source and destination databases within the specified time range, DTS resumes the data migration task. Otherwise, the data migration task fails. Note When DTS retries a connection, you are charged for the DTS instance. We recommend that you specify the retry time range based on your business needs. You can also release the DTS instance at your earliest opportunity after the source and destination instances are released.

8. In the lower-right corner of the page, click Precheck.
   Important

   • Before you can start the data migration task, a precheck is performed. You can start the data migration task only after the task passes the precheck.
   • If the task fails to pass the precheck, you can click the icon next to each failed item to view details.
     • After you troubleshoot the issues based on the causes, you can run a precheck again.
     • If you do not need to troubleshoot the issues, you can ignore failed items and run a precheck again.
9. After the task passes the precheck, click Next.
10. In the Confirm Settings dialog box, specify the Channel Specification parameter and select Data Transmission Service (Pay-As-You-Go) Service Terms.
11. Click Buy and Start to start the data migration task.
    Note We recommend that you do not manually stop the task during full data migration. Otherwise, the data migrated to the destination database may be incomplete. You can wait until the full data migration task automatically stops.
12. Switch your workloads to the ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance.