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ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ:Differences and compatibility between versions 4.x and 5.x

Last Updated:Oct 28, 2025

ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ is a distributed platform from Alibaba Cloud that is based on Apache RocketMQ. It provides a unified solution for processing messages, events, and streams with low latency, high concurrency, high availability, and high reliability. After the release of Apache RocketMQ 5.0, Alibaba Cloud ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ now offers the more stable and reliable server version 5.x. This topic describes the differences and compatibility between server versions 5.x and 4.x of ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ.

Advantages of version 5.x

Compared with previous server versions, ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ 5.x provides the following advantages:

  • Advanced architecture

    Version 5.x uses a decoupled architecture that separates storage from computing. This design allows storage and computing resources to be scaled horizontally and independently as needed. This architecture supports efficient elastic operations and maintenance (O&M) and provides high-performance, large-scale capacity.

  • Simplified development

    Version 5.x supports access through client SDKs that are fully compatible with Apache RocketMQ. It also maintains compatibility with all previous SDK versions and API operations.

    It supports security authentication within a VPC. To migrate to the cloud, you only need to modify the endpoint without changing your code.

  • Simplified O&M

    Version 5.x provides solutions such as automatic elasticity and lightweight test environments to address common challenges. These challenges include online capacity assessment, handling fluctuations in service traffic, and managing daily grayscale environments. This simplifies overall O&M and reduces risks.

  • More flexible costs

    Optimized with cloud-native technology, version 5.x supports a combination of reserved and burst traffic elasticity for message processing. This means you do not need to reserve a large buffer for burst traffic.

    Message storage is pay-as-you-go. Compared with attached disks that cannot be scaled down, this model offers a significant advantage in elasticity.

  • Broader offerings

    Version 5.x offers a more comprehensive range of instance types with complete subscription and pay-as-you-go pricing models.

  • New LiteTopic model for improved asynchronous communication in AI applications

    This model addresses common pain points in AI services, such as long task processing times, scarce and expensive computing power, and the challenge of balancing computing power utilization with fluctuating service traffic. It provides a lightweight topic feature and corresponding solutions. Developers can use this model to easily build a robust, efficient, and scalable asynchronous communication system. This system can manage request peaks, relieve backend processing pressure, and thereby improve resource utilization and reduce costs.

SDK versions

The following table describes the features supported by different SDK versions of ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ.

In the table, ✅ indicates that the feature is supported, and ❌ indicates that the feature is not supported.

Item

RocketMQ 5.x gRPC SDK

RocketMQ 5.x Remoting SDK

RocketMQ 4.x/3.x SDK

RocketMQ ONS TCP 1.x SDK

RocketMQ ONS TCP 2.x SDK

RocketMQ ONS HTTP SDK

Protocol

gRPC protocol v2

Remoting protocol

Remoting protocol

Remoting protocol

gRPC protocol v1

HTTP protocol

Accessible instances

5.x series instances

  • 5.x series instances

  • 4.x series instances

  • 5.x series instances

  • 4.x series instances

  • 5.x series instances

  • 4.x series instances

4.x series instances

4.x series instances

Recommendation

Use the 5.x gRPC SDK.

  • It provides comprehensive support for multiple languages.

  • All new features and optimizations will be supported on the 5.x gRPC SDK.

  • If some features of the 5.x gRPC SDK do not meet your needs, you can use the 5.x Remoting SDK.

  • If your service already uses clients of these versions, you can continue to use them.

  • 5.x series instances are compatible with these SDK versions.

  • Do not use clients of these versions. These SDK versions do not support new features and optimizations.

  • They can only access 4.x series instances.

Sending normal, ordered, transactional, and scheduled messages

Concurrent consumption

Ordered consumption

Ordered consumption with optimized concurrency

Broadcasting consumption

Stream consumption (connecting to Flink, etc.)

Message trace

Supported in versions 4.5.2 and later

Producer and consumer client metrics data

Graceful shutdown

Supported only for 5.x series instances

Feature compatibility between versions 4.x and 5.x

Instances of ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ 5.x are optimized based on the production practices of large-scale enterprise customers. Some feature behaviors in the message sending and receiving process have been adjusted. Therefore, parameter configurations and feature behaviors may differ in some scenarios. These differences generally do not affect the primary message processing flow. If you upgrade an existing 4.x instance to 5.x, you must assess the risks as needed.

The specific differences in feature behavior are as follows:

Feature difference

Version 4.x

Version 5.x

Description

Maximum delay for scheduled messages

40 days

  • Subscription and pay-as-you-go Standard Edition instances and serverless Standard Edition and Professional Edition instances: 7 days.

  • Subscription and pay-as-you-go Professional Edition and Enterprise Platinum Edition instances: 40 days.

Long delay parameters can pose stability risks to the system. Do not set an excessively long delay. Use shorter delays to simulate your business scenarios. For more information, see Scheduled and delayed messages.

If you are migrating an existing 4.x instance and the maximum delay does not meet your requirements, submit a ticket for consultation.

HTTP protocol support

Supported

Not supported

Version 5.x does not support the HTTP protocol. If your existing 4.x instance uses the HTTP protocol, postpone the upgrade.

RAM authorization policy

Data link + control link

Supports the control link, but the authorization policy is different from that of version 4.x

  • Version 5.x uses more standard ARN and policy definitions. Existing users must grant permissions again according to the access policy for version 5.x to use version 5.x resources.

  • The data link of version 5.x no longer supports RAM authorization policies. It uses the RocketMQ open source ACL 2.0 permission system. For more information, see User identification.

Global message routing

Supported

Not supported

Version 5.x does not support configuring global message routing tasks. You must use the message integration feature to synchronize messages between instances. For more information, see Message integration.

Message type restrictions

No restrictions

Strict restrictions

In version 5.x, message types are separated into topics for independent O&M and processing. The system strictly verifies that the type of a sent message matches the message type defined for the topic. If the verification fails, the message sending request is rejected, and a type mismatch exception is returned. For more information, see Topic behavior constraints.

Purchase restrictions

  • Instances of ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ 5.x are available for purchase by all users.

  • Instances of ApsaraMQ for RocketMQ 4.x are available for purchase only by existing users. We recommend that you upgrade your instances to version 5.x. To upgrade, submit a ticket.

Upgrade from version 4.x to 5.x

In-place upgrades from version 4.x to 5.x using an upgrade tool are not currently supported. To upgrade an existing instance to version 5.x, you must purchase a 5.x instance and gradually migrate your service traffic to the new instance, as shown in the following figure.迁移流程

Note

As shown in the preceding figure, you can use the topic and group import and export features in the second step to quickly create metadata. For more information, see Import and export topics and Import and export groups.

When you migrate your services, you can use the dual-read, dual-write, and phased release solution shown in the following figure.

迁移业务