How to Install Fork CMS on ECS

By Arslan Ud Din Shafiq, Alibaba Cloud Tech Share Author. Tech Share is Alibaba Cloud's incentive program to encourage the sharing of technical knowledge and best practices within the cloud community.

Fork is an intuitive, user friendly and open source CMS. Fork uses the Symphony framework and provides various tools for its users to build, monitor, and update websites. You easily can integrate it with web analytics tools to analyze user behavior on your website and perform search engine optimization.

In this tutorial, we will be installing and setting up Fork CMS on an Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) with Ubuntu 16.04 installed.

Prerequisites

You must have Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) activated and verified your valid payment method. If you are a new user, you can get $300 - $1200 worth in Alibaba Cloud credits for your new account. If you don't know about how to setup your ECS instance, you can refer to this tutorial or quick-start guide. Your ECS instance must have at least 1GB RAM and 1 Core processor.
A domain name registered from Alibaba Cloud. If you have already registered a domain from Alibaba Cloud or any other host, you can update its domain nameserver records.
Domain name must be pointed to your Alibaba Cloud ECS's IP address
Access to VNC console in your Alibaba Cloud or SSH client installed in your PC
Set up your server's hostname and create user with root privileges.

Setting Up Your Server

Before proceeding with installation of any kind of package, use the following command to update your Ubuntu system. To execute this command, remember to login from non-root user with sudo privileges.

# sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

You will need to install unzip which will be used to unzip the compressed zip folder.

# sudo apt-get install unzip -y

You will also need to download Fork CMS from GitHub, so you will have to install Git.

# sudo apt-get install git -y

Install PHP

Fork CMS requires installation of PHP 7.1 or newer version of PHP. In this tutorial, you will install PHP 7.2. To install PHP 7.2, execute the following steps.

First, you will need to install python software properties and software properties common.

# sudo apt-get install software-properties-common python-software-properties

Add the repository for newer versions of PHP.

# sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Update the system to refresh the available repositories.

# sudo apt update

Install PHP 7.2 by executing the following command.

# sudo apt install -y php7.2

Fork CMS requires the following PHP extensions:

php7.2-cli
php7.2-fpm
php7.2-common
php7.2-curl
php7.2-mbstring
php7.2-gd
php7.2-intl
php7.2-mysql
php7.2-xml
php7.2-json

To install the above extensions of PHP, execute the following command.

# sudo apt install -y php7.2 php7.2-cli php7.2-fpm php7.2-common php7.2-curl php7.2-mbstring php7.2-gd php7.2-intl php7.2-mysql php7.2-xml php7.2-json

When you have installed the above extensions, apache2 will be installed automatically. You don't need to install apache explicitly.

To check PHP installation, you can execute the following command to check your installed PHP version.

# php --version

Install MariaDB

Fork CMS supports MySQL. In this tutorial, you will use a MariaDB database. By default, the Ubuntu repository has an older version of MariaDB. To use new version of MariaDB, you will need to add MariaDB repository to your Ubuntu system. To do so, follow the steps below.

Verify the keys by executing the following command.

# sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8

Add the repository using the following command.

# sudo add-apt-repository 'deb [arch=amd64,i386,ppc64el] http://mirror.nodesdirect.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu xenial main'

Update the system.

# sudo apt update

Install MariaDB using the following command.

# sudo apt install -y mariadb-server

Start and enable the MariaDB so that after reboot, MariaDB can start automatically.

# sudo systemctl start mariadb
# sudo systemctl enable mariadb

Run the following command to enhance security of MariaDB and set a password for the root user.

# sudo mysql_secure_installation

Connect to the MySQL shell as root user using the command below and enter your password.

# sudo mysql -u root -p

Execute the following MySQL queries in your MariaDB server.

CREATE DATABASE forkdb;
CREATE USER 'aareez'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '654321Ab';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON forkdb.* TO aareez@localhost;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Install Composer

Fork CMS uses Symphony framework, so it requires installation of Composer. To install and setup composer, execute the following demands.

# php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
# php -r "if (hash_file('SHA384', 'composer-setup.php') === '544e09ee996cdf60ece3804abc52599c22b1f40f4323403c44d44fdfdd586475ca9813a858088ffbc1f233e9b180f061') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
# php composer-setup.php
# php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
# sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

Install Fork CMS

To install Fork CMS, you will need to perform the following steps.

Navigate to /var/www/ using the command.

# cd /var/www

Download the latest stable release of Fork CMS using the command below.

# sudo composer create-project forkcms/forkcms

Provide ownership of /var/www/ to www-data so that apache server can access the required files.

# sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/forkcms

Configure Database

To setup database, execute the following command. It will open a file using nano editor in which you will need to update username, password, database name, host and port.

# sudo nano /var/www/forkcms/app/config/parameters_install.yml

Configure Apache Server

Create virtual host configuration file for Fork CMS. Execute the following command, a file will be opened in nano text editor.

# sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/fork.conf

Copy and Fork CMS the following code and save the file.

<VirtualHost *:80> 
    ServerAdmin admin@xyz.com
    ServerName www.softpedia.xyz
    DocumentRoot /var/www/forkcms
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.htm index.html
   <Directory /var/www/forkcms>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>
 ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ForkCMS_error.log
    LogLevel warn
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ForkCMS_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Execute the command below to disable default site.

# sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf

You will need to enable the newly created virtual host.

# sudo a2ensite fork

You will need to enable rewrite mod. You can do so by editing configuration file in apache2 directory or you can simply execute the command below.

# sudo a2enmod rewrite

You will need to enable SSL engine. You can do so by editing configuration file in apache2 directory or you can simply execute the command below.

# sudo a2enmod ssl

You will have to restart apache server to apply the changes and load the settings by executing command below.

# sudo service apache2 restart

You can access Fork CMS via your domain name or ECS IP address. In my case, I have accessed via http://www.softpedia.xyz . Remember to prefix www in URL. You will see the following screen.

Install SSL Certificate

To install SSL certificate using Let's Encrypt, you will use Certbot. To do so, execute the following steps.

Update the package using command.

# sudo apt-get update

To install software-properties-common, execute the command below.

# sudo apt-get install software-properties-common

Add the certbot repository by using command below.

# sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot

Update the package to load the added certbot repository using command.

# sudo apt-get update

Stop apache before issuance of SSL certificate.

# sudo systemctl stop apache2

Install python-certbot-apache using the command below.

# sudo apt-get install python-certbot-apache

Execute the following command to get Let's Encrypt SSL issued.

# sudo certbot --apache -d www.softpedia.xyz

Select option 2 to redirect the link to https and update virtual host settings for SSL.

Restart apache server.

# sudo systemctl start apache2

You will have to edit .htaccess file to activate rules for SSL. To do so, execute the command below.

# sudo nano /var/www/forkcms/.htaccess

Now remove # sign as shown in the following code.

# redirect all traffic to https
     <IfModule headers_module>
       Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" env=HTTPS
     </IfModule>
     RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !.*\.dev [NC]
     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !.*localhost(:\d+)?$ [NC]
     RewriteRule ^ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]

 # one url to rule them all
     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.softpedia\.xyz [NC]
     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !.*\.dev [NC]
     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !.*localhost(:\d+)?$ [NC]
     RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.softpedia.xyz/$1 [R=301,L]

You can access your website using https protocol https://www.your_domain_name.tld

Set Up Firewalls and Ports

If you have activated firewalls, you will have to define a rule in Alibaba Cloud security group for your cloud server to add exception for port 80/tcp and 443/tcp. You can enable these ports while creating ECS instance, but in case if you have forgotten to unblock these ports, you can follow the procedure in this guide: https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/25471.htm