This topic describes how to install GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) in a Linux server by using GRUB v1.99 as an example. To install GRUB of a later version, you need to download the relevant GRUB package.

Background information

When you migrate a source Linux server by using the Cloud Migration tool, if the source Linux server has a low kernel version (such as CentOS 5 and Debian 7), and the version of the built-in system boot program GRUB is lower than v1.99, the log file indicates Do Grub Failed. In this case, you need to upgrade GRUB to v1.99 or later.

Procedure

  1. Log on to the source Linux server.
  2. Run the following commands to view the directories of the original grub, grub-install, and grub-mkconfig: 
    # which grub
# which grub-install
# which grub-mkconfig
  3. Run the mv command to rename the original grub, grub-install, and grub-mkconfig files for backup.
    Note After you migrate your server by using the Cloud Migration tool, you can reinstate the original files by changing their names back to the original ones. 
    # mv /sbin/grub /sbin/grub-old
# mv /sbin/grub-install /sbin/grub-install-old 
# mv /sbin/grub-mkconfig /sbin/grub-mkconfig-old
  4. Run the yum install -y bison gcc make command to install the dependencies of GRUB, which include bison, gcc, and make.
  5. Run the following commands to install flex. 
    # test -d /root/tools || mkdir -p /root/tools
# cd /root/tools
# wget https://github.com/westes/flex/releases/download/v2.6.4/flex-2.6.4.tar.gz
# tar xzf flex-2.6.4.tar.gz
# cd flex-2.6.4
# mkdir -p build
# cd build
# ../configure
# make && make install
# ln -s /usr/local/bin/flex /usr/bin/flex
  6. Run the following commands to install the dependencies of GRUB v1.99. 
    # test -d /root/tools || mkdir -p /root/tools
# cd /root/tools
# wget https://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/grub/grub-1.99~rc1.tar.gz
# tar xzf grub-1.99~rc1.tar.gz
# cd grub-1.99~rc1
# mkdir -p build
# cd build
# ../configure
# sed -i -e "s/-Werror//" ./grub-core/Makefile
# sed -i -e "s/-Werror//" ./Makefile
# make && make install
# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/grub-install /sbin/grub-install
# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/grub-mkconfig /sbin/grub-mkconfig
    Note If the error -Werror occurs, we recommend that you locate the error in the makefile, remove the -Werror option, and then try again.
  7. Run the grub-install --version command to verify GRUB is updated to v1.99.

What to do next

  1. After you update GRUB to v1.99, you can migrate your server to Alibaba Cloud by using the Cloud Migration tool.
  2. (Optional) After your servers are successfully migrated to Alibaba Cloud, run the following commands to use the earlier version of GRUB. 
    # rm /sbin/grub-install
# rm /sbin/grub-mkconfig
# rm /boot/grub/grub.cfg
# mv /sbin/grub-old /sbin/grub
# mv /sbin/grub-install-old /sbin/grub-install