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Object Storage Service:Symbolic links

Última atualização: Jul 03, 2026

Os links simbólicos oferecem uma maneira prática de acessar objetos usados com frequência em um bucket. Eles funcionam como atalhos no Windows e permitem acesso rápido aos objetos associados.

Observações de uso

  • Um link simbólico que aponta para um objeto Standard ou Infrequent Access (IA) fornece acesso imediato ao objeto.

  • Para acessar um objeto Archive, Cold Archive ou Deep Cold Archive por meio de um link simbólico, restaure o objeto primeiro. Para mais informações, consulte Restaurar objetos.

  • O link simbólico armazena o caminho do objeto em vez do conteúdo. Portanto, a capacidade de armazenamento consumida depende do comprimento do caminho do objeto de destino, e não do tamanho real do objeto. Por exemplo, se o link simbólico apontar para um objeto de 1 MB chamado image.jpg, o espaço ocupado será de aproximadamente 0,009 KB.

  • O acesso a links simbólicos segue o princípio do menor privilégio. Em cenários com política de bucket ou política do Resource Access Management (RAM), o usuário precisa ter permissões tanto para o link simbólico quanto para o objeto de destino. A falta de qualquer permissão resulta em negação de acesso. Em cenários com Listas de Controle de Acesso (ACLs), prevalece a permissão mais restritiva entre as duas. Por exemplo, um usuário não consegue acessar um objeto de destino por meio de um link simbólico private, mesmo que o objeto seja public-read. Inversamente, se o link simbólico for public-read e o objeto de destino for private, o acesso também será negado.

  • Links simbólicos não suportam criptografia no lado do servidor.

Procedimentos

Usar o console do OSS

  1. Faça login no console do OSS.

  2. No painel de navegação à esquerda, clique em Buckets. Na página exibida, clique no nome do bucket desejado.

  3. No painel de navegação à esquerda, escolha Object Management > Objects.

  4. Localize o objeto para o qual deseja criar um link simbólico e escolha more > Configure Symbolic Link na coluna Actions.

  5. No painel Configure Symbolic Link, configure Symbolic Link File or Folder e clique em OK.

    O valor especificado para o parâmetro Symbolic Link File or Folder deve atender aos requisitos de nomenclatura. Suponha que o objeto alvo do link simbólico esteja no diretório /test/:

    • Se Absolute Path estiver selecionado e o link simbólico for nomeado t1-symlink, o caminho do link será /t1-symlink.

    • Caso Relative Path esteja selecionado e o link simbólico seja nomeado t2-symlink, o caminho resultante será /test/t2-symlink.

    Importante

    Se o nome do objeto de link simbólico não incluir a extensão, como myphoto para o objeto myphoto.jpg, será possível visualizar o link simbólico ao acessá-lo no console do OSS ou por sua URL. Ao baixar o objeto de link simbólico usando uma ferramenta OSS ou o console do OSS, o formato do arquivo baixado ficará desconhecido e ele não poderá ser aberto diretamente. Para abrir o objeto, adicione a extensão correta ao nome do link simbólico.

Usar o ossbrowser

Instale e faça login no ossbrowser 2.0 antes de prosseguir.

  1. Clique no nome do bucket desejado e localize o objeto alvo.

  2. Clique no ícone image à direita do objeto e, em seguida, clique em Set Symbolic Link.

  3. Insira o caminho completo do link simbólico (incluindo o nome do objeto) e clique em OK. Por exemplo, se o link simbólico chamado symlink estiver localizado no diretório exampledir/, insira exampledir/symlink.

Usar SDKs do OSS

Os códigos abaixo mostram exemplos de criação de links simbólicos com os SDKs do OSS para linguagens de programação comuns. Para detalhes sobre como criar links simbólicos com SDKs do OSS em outras linguagens, consulte Visão geral.

import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.comm.SignVersion;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // In this example, the endpoint of the China (Hangzhou) region is used. Specify your actual endpoint. 
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // Specify the name of the symbolic link that you want to create. 
        String symLink = "yourSymLink";
        // Specify the name of the object to which you want the symbolic link to point. 
        String destinationObjectName = "yourDestinationObjectName";
        // Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // Create an OSSClient instance. 
        // Call the shutdown method to release resources when the OSSClient is no longer in use.
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // Create metadata for the object that you want to upload. 
            ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
            metadata.setContentType("text/plain");
            // Set the property parameter for the user metadata to property-value. 
            metadata.addUserMetadata("property", "property-value");

            // Specify whether to overwrite the object that has the same name as the symbolic link. 
            // metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
            // Specify the access control list (ACL) of the object. 
            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_OBJECT_ACL, CannedAccessControlList.Default);
            // Specify the storage class of the object. 
            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard);

            // Create a CreateSymlinkRequest to create the symbolic link. 
            CreateSymlinkRequest createSymlinkRequest = new CreateSymlinkRequest(bucketName, symLink, destinationObjectName);

            // Configure the metadata. 
            createSymlinkRequest.setMetadata(metadata);

            // Create the symbolic link. 
            ossClient.createSymlink(createSymlinkRequest);

        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}            
const OSS = require('ali-oss')

const client = new OSS({
  // Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to oss-cn-hangzhou. 
  region: 'yourRegion',
  // Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that you have configured environment variables OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET. 
  accessKeyId: process.env.OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
  accessKeySecret: process.env.OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET,
  authorizationV4: true,
  // Specify the name of the bucket. 
  bucket: 'examplebucket',
});

const headers = {
   // Specify the storage class of the object. 
   'x-oss-storage-class':'Standard', 
   // Specify the access control list (ACL) of the object. 
   'x-oss-object-acl':'private',
   // Specify whether to overwrite the object that has the same name as the symbolic link. In this example, this parameter is set to true, which indicates that the object with the same name cannot be overwritten. 
   'x-oss-forbid-overwrite': 'true '
};

async function put () {
  try {
    // Specify symlinkobject.txt as the name of the symbolic link and exampleobject.txt as the name of the object to which you want the symbolic link to point.  
    const result = await client.putSymlink('symlinkobject.txt', 'exampleobject.txt'
    // ,{ headers }
    );
    console.log(result);
  } catch (e) {
    console.log(e);
  }
}

put();
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
  <button id='upload'>Upload</button>
  <button id='symlink'>Create Symbolic Link</button>  
  <!-- Import the SDK file -->
  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://gosspublic.alicdn.com/aliyun-oss-sdk-6.18.0.min.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    const client = new OSS({
       // Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to oss-cn-hangzhou. 
       region: 'yourRegion',
       authorizationV4: true,
       // Specify the temporary AccessKey pair obtained from STS. The AccessKey pair consists of an AccessKey ID and an AccessKey secret. 
       accessKeyId: 'yourAccessKeyId',
       accessKeySecret: 'yourAccessKeySecret',
       // Specify the security token obtained from STS. 
       stsToken: 'yourSecurityToken',
       // Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
       bucket: "examplebucket",
     });

    const upload = document.getElementById('upload')
    const symlink = document.getElementById('symlink')
    const getSymlink = document.getElementById("getSymlink")

    // Specify the content of the object to upload. 
    const file = new Blob(['examplecontent'])
    // Specify the name of the object to upload to the bucket. 
    const fileName = 'exampleobject.txt'

    // Upload the object. 
    upload.addEventListener('click', () => {
      client.put(fileName, file).then(r => console.log(r))
    })
    
    // Create a symbolic link named symlink.txt. 
    symlink.addEventListener('click', () => {
      client.putSymlink('symlink.txt', fileName).then(r => console.log(r))
    })

  </script>
</body>

</html>
using Aliyun.OSS;
using System.Text;
using Aliyun.OSS.Common;

// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. 
var endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
var accessKeyId = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID");
var accessKeySecret = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET");
// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
var bucketName = "examplebucket";
var targetObjectName = "yourTargetObjectName";
var symlinkObjectName = "yourSymlinkObjectName";
var objectContent = "More than just cloud.";
// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.
const string region = "cn-hangzhou";

// Create a ClientConfiguration instance and modify the default parameters based on your requirements.
var conf = new ClientConfiguration();

// Use the signature algorithm V4.
conf.SignatureVersion = SignatureVersion.V4;

// Create an OSSClient instance.
var client = new OssClient(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, conf);
client.SetRegion(region);
try
{
    // Upload the object to which the symbolic link points. 
    byte[] binaryData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(objectContent);
    MemoryStream requestContent = new MemoryStream(binaryData);
    client.PutObject(bucketName, targetObjectName, requestContent);
    // Create the symbolic link. 
    client.CreateSymlink(bucketName, symlinkObjectName, targetObjectName);
    // Query the name of the object to which the symbolic link points. 
    var ossSymlink = client.GetSymlink(bucketName, symlinkObjectName);
    Console.WriteLine("Target object is {0}", ossSymlink.Target);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Failed with error info: {0}", ex.Message);
}
// Create a request. 
PutSymlinkRequest putSymlink = new PutSymlinkRequest();
// Specify the name of the bucket. 
putSymlink.setBucketName("yourBucketName");
// Specify the name of the symbolic link. 
putSymlink.setObjectKey("yourSymLink");
// Specify the name of the object to which you want the symbolic link to point. 
putSymlink.setTargetObjectName("yourTargetObjectName");

ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
// Specify whether to overwrite the object that has the same name. In this example, this parameter is set to true, which indicates that the object that has the same name cannot be overwritten. 
//metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
// Specify the access control list (ACL) of the object. In this example, the ACL is set to private. 
//metadata.setHeader("x-oss-object-acl", "private");
// Specify the storage class of the object. In this example, the storage class is set to Standard. 
//metadata.setHeader("x-oss-storage-class", "Standard");
putSymlink.setMetadata(metadata);

OSSAsyncTask task = oss.asyncPutSymlink(putSymlink, new OSSCompletedCallback<PutSymlinkRequest, PutSymlinkResult>() {
    @Override
    public void onSuccess(PutSymlinkRequest request, PutSymlinkResult result) {
        Log.d("PutSymlink", "PutSymlink success");
    }

    @Override
    public void onFailure(PutSymlinkRequest request, ClientException clientException,
                          ServiceException serviceException) {
        // Handle request exceptions. 
        if (clientException != null) {
            // Handle client exceptions, such as network exceptions. 
            clientException.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (serviceException != null) {
            // Handle server-side exceptions. 
            Log.e("ErrorCode", serviceException.getErrorCode());
            Log.e("RequestId", serviceException.getRequestId());
            Log.e("HostId", serviceException.getHostId());
            Log.e("RawMessage", serviceException.getRawMessage());
        }
    }
});
task.waitUntilFinished();
OSSPutSymlinkRequest *request = [OSSPutSymlinkRequest new];
// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
request.bucketName = @"examplebucket";
// Specify the name of the symbolic link. 
request.objectKey = @"examplesymlink";
// Specify the full path of the object to which you want the symbolic link to point. Do not include the bucket name in the full path. 
request.targetObjectName = @"exampleobject.txt";

OSSTask *putSymlinkTask = [client putSymlink:request];
[putSymlinkTask continueWithBlock:^id _Nullable(OSSTask * _Nonnull task) {
    if (!task.error) {
        NSLog(@"put symlink success");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"put symlink failed, error: %@", task.error);
    }
    return nil;
}];
// Implement synchronous blocking to wait for the task to complete. 
// [putSymlinkTask waitUntilFinished];
#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;

int main(void)
{
            
    /* Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
    std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
    /* Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. */
    std::string Region = "yourRegion";
    /* Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. */
    std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";
    /* Specify the full path of the object. Example: exampledir/exampleobject.txt. Do not include the bucket name in the full path. */
    std::string ObjectName = "exampledir/exampleobject.txt";
    /* Specify the full path of the symbolic link. Example: shortcut/myobject.txt. */
    std::string LinkName = "shortcut/myobject.txt";

    /* Initialize resources, such as network resources. */
    InitializeSdk();

    ClientConfiguration conf;
    conf.signatureVersion = SignatureVersionType::V4;
    /* Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. */
    auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
    OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);
    client.SetRegion(Region);

    /* Configure the HTTP headers. */
    auto meta = ObjectMetaData();
    meta.setContentType("text/plain");

    /* Configure the user metadata of the object. */
    meta.UserMetaData()["meta"] = "meta-value";

    /* Create the symbolic link. */
    CreateSymlinkRequest request(BucketName, ObjectName, meta);
    request.SetSymlinkTarget(LinkName);
    auto outcome = client.CreateSymlink(request);

    if (!outcome.isSuccess()) {
        /* Handle exceptions. */
        std::cout << "CreateSymlink fail" <<
        ",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
        ",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
        ",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    /* Release resources, such as network resources. */
    ShutdownSdk();
    return 0;
}
#include "oss_api.h"
#include "aos_http_io.h"
/* Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
const char *endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
/* Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. */
const char *bucket_name = "examplebucket";
/* Specify the full path of the object. Do not include the bucket name in the full path. Example: exampledir/exampleobject.txt. */
const char *object_name = "exampledir/exampleobject.txt";
/* Specify the full path of the symbolic link that you want to create. */
const char *link_object_name = "yourLinkObjectName";
/* Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou. */
const char *region = "yourRegion";
void init_options(oss_request_options_t *options)
{
    options->config = oss_config_create(options->pool);
    /* Use a char* string to initialize data of the aos_string_t type. */
    aos_str_set(&options->config->endpoint, endpoint);
    /* Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. */
    aos_str_set(&options->config->access_key_id, getenv("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"));
    aos_str_set(&options->config->access_key_secret, getenv("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET"));
    // Specify two additional parameters.
    aos_str_set(&options->config->region, region);
    options->config->signature_version = 4;
    /* Specify whether to use CNAME. The value 0 indicates that CNAME is not used. */
    options->config->is_cname = 0;
    /* Specify network parameters, such as the timeout period. */
    options->ctl = aos_http_controller_create(options->pool, 0);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    /* Call the aos_http_io_initialize method in main() to initialize global resources, such as network resources and memory resources. */
    if (aos_http_io_initialize(NULL, 0) != AOSE_OK) {
        exit(1);
    }
    /* Create a memory pool to manage memory. aos_pool_t is equivalent to apr_pool_t. The code used to create a memory pool is included in the APR library. */
    aos_pool_t *pool;
    /* Create a memory pool. The value of the second parameter is NULL. This value indicates that the pool does not inherit other memory pools. */
    aos_pool_create(&pool, NULL);
    /* Create and initialize options. This parameter includes global configuration information, such as endpoint, access_key_id, access_key_secret, is_cname, and curl. */
    oss_request_options_t *oss_client_options;
    /* Allocate the memory resources in the memory pool to the options. */
    oss_client_options = oss_request_options_create(pool);
    /* Initialize oss_client_options. */
    init_options(oss_client_options);
    /* Initialize the parameters. */
    aos_string_t bucket;
    aos_string_t object;
    aos_string_t sym_object;
    aos_table_t *resp_headers = NULL; 
    aos_status_t *resp_status = NULL; 
    aos_str_set(&bucket, bucket_name);
    aos_str_set(&object, object_name);
    aos_str_set(&sym_object, link_object_name);
    resp_status = oss_put_symlink(oss_client_options, &bucket, &sym_object, &object, &resp_headers);
    if (aos_status_is_ok(resp_status)) {
        printf("put symlink succeeded\n");
    } else {
        printf("put symlink failed\n");      
    }
    /* Release the memory pool. This operation releases the memory resources allocated for the request. */
    aos_pool_destroy(pool);
    /* Release the allocated global resources. */
    aos_http_io_deinitialize();
    return 0;
}

Usar o ossutil

Use o ossutil para criar links simbólicos. Para instruções de instalação, consulte Instalar o ossutil.

Execute o comando a seguir para criar um link simbólico chamado examplelink que aponte para targetobject.

ossutil api put-symlink --bucket examplebucket --key examplelink --symlink-target targetobject

Para mais detalhes sobre este comando, consulte put-symlink.

Operação de API relacionada

Os métodos descritos acima são implementados com base na API RESTful. Você pode chamá-la diretamente caso seu negócio exija alto nível de personalização. Para chamar uma API diretamente, inclua o cálculo da assinatura no código. Para mais informações, consulte PutSymlink.

Perguntas frequentes

Posso criar um link simbólico que aponte para um objeto privado?

Sim. É possível criar links simbólicos que apontem para objetos com ACL privada, public-read ou public-read-write.

Como identificar se um objeto é um link simbólico?

Chame a operação HeadObject ou GetObject no objeto e verifique a resposta.

Se o objeto solicitado for um link simbólico, o conteúdo do objeto de destino será retornado. Os cabeçalhos de resposta Content-Length, ETag e Content-Md5 indicam os metadados do objeto solicitado.

Ao excluir um link simbólico, o objeto de destino também é excluído?

Não. A exclusão de um link simbólico não remove o objeto para o qual ele aponta.