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VPN Gateway:What is a VPN Gateway

Last Updated:Aug 19, 2026

By using a VPN Gateway and its tunnel encryption technology, you can establish private network connectivity and secure mutual access between on-premises data centers, office networks, and clients on the cloud and VPCs on Alibaba Cloud.

Use cases

Scenario 1: Connect a VPC on the cloud to the internal network of an on-premises IDC

Implementation: IPsec-VPN

IPsec-VPN is based on the IPsec protocol and provides Site-to-Site-type encrypted connections. It is used to connect on-premises data centers to VPCs on the cloud, and is suitable for scenarios such as hybrid cloud networking and Express Connect circuit backup. Alibaba Cloud IPsec-VPN comes in two forms:

  • Attach to a VPN gateway: Connects your on-premises network to a single VPC.

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  • Attach to a transit router (TR): Connects your on-premises network to multiple VPCs.

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Scenario 2: Employees remotely access a VPC

Implementation: SSL-VPN

SSL-VPN creates a Client-to-Site encrypted connection between individual devices and a VPC, ideal for remote work. After an administrator grants access, employees install client software on their laptops or mobile devices to securely access applications deployed in the VPC.

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Benefits

  • Secure: Encrypts data in transit with IPsec or SSL to ensure data integrity.

  • Stable: Active-active architecture with failover in seconds ensures session continuity.

  • Simple: Ready on activation. Configurations take effect in real time for rapid deployment.

  • Cost-effective: Uses Internet-based encrypted tunnels as a lower-cost alternative to Express Connect.

Choose a VPN type and get started

Comparison

IPsec-VPN

SSL-VPN

Connection targets

Fixed sites, such as corporate data centers and branch offices.

Individual clients, such as personal computers or mobile devices for remote work.

Typical use cases

Site-to-Site: Connects an on-premises network to a VPC to build a hybrid cloud environment.

Client-to-Site: Authorized employees securely access cloud applications, office systems, or development environments from any location.

Client requirements

Requires IPsec-compatible network devices such as routers or firewalls.

Users only need to install lightweight client software on their devices.

Protocol

Standard IPsec protocol (Network Layer).

SSL/TLS protocol (Application Layer).

Configuration complexity

High. Requires coordinated configuration on both cloud and on-premises devices.

Very low. After the administrator completes cloud-side setup, end users only install the client and log in.

Get started with IPsec-VPN

An IPsec-VPN connection must be attached to a VPN gateway or a TR:

Component

Description

VPN gateway

Cloud-side gateway for connecting an on-premises network to a single VPC. Has a public IP address to communicate with the on-premises gateway device.

TR

Cloud-side gateway for connecting an on-premises network to multiple VPCs. Requires a VPN connection on the TR with an associated IPsec-VPN connection.

You also need a customer gateway and an IPsec-VPN connection:

Component

Description

Customer gateway

A logical object on Alibaba Cloud that stores the public IP of your on-premises gateway device. Required to create an IPsec-VPN connection.

IPsec-VPN connection

The encrypted tunnel from the VPN gateway/TR to the customer gateway. Configure parameters for both ends: encryption algorithm, authentication algorithm, and Pre-Shared Key (PSK).

For more information, see the following documents:

Get started with SSL-VPN

An SSL-VPN connection involves the following key components:

Component

Description

VPN gateway

Serves as the cloud-side gateway for the VPN connection. It has a public IP address to communicate with clients.

SSL server

A service instance created on the VPN gateway after you enable SSL-VPN. Defines the protocol, port, encryption algorithm, and client CIDR block for connections.

SSL client

Software on an employee's computer or mobile device that establishes an encrypted connection with the SSL server, enabling access to cloud resources.

For more information, see the following documents: