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ApsaraDB RDS:Instance types for primary ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL instances

Last Updated:Aug 02, 2023

This topic provides an overview of instance types for primary ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL instances. The overview includes the most recent instance types, the phased-out instance types, and the specifications for each instance type.

Important
  • For RDS instances that use standard SSDs or ESSDs, the memory includes the memory that is occupied by the underlying operating system and the memory that is occupied by the RDS-related management services. Therefore, the available memory of an RDS instance may be less than the memory capacity that is supported by the instance type. The following list describes the memory that is occupied by the underlying operating system and the memory that is occupied by the RDS-related management services:

    • The underlying operating system occupies 500 MB to 700 MB of memory.

    • The RDS-related management services occupy approximately 500 MB of memory.

  • RDS instances that use cloud disks support only the virtual private cloud (VPC) network type. If you create an RDS instance that uses cloud disks in the ApsaraDB RDS console, you must set the Network Type parameter to VPC. If you create an RDS instance that uses cloud disks by calling an operation, you must set the InstanceNetworkType parameter to VPC. For more information, see Create an instance.

Instance types

x86 architecture

RDS instances that use cloud disks

Note
  • If an RDS instance uses clouds disks and a dedicated instance type, the maximum IOPS of the instance is calculated by using the following formula: Actual maximum IOPS = min{Maximum IOPS, IOPS that corresponds to the maximum I/O bandwidth, Cloud disk IOPS}.

    • The size of an I/O operation in ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL is 8 KB. IOPS that corresponds to the maximum I/O bandwidth is calculated by using the following formula: IOPS that corresponds to the maximum I/O bandwidth = Maximum I/O bandwidth in Gbit/s × 1024 × 1024/8/8.

    • For more information about how to calculate the cloud disk IOPS, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

  • The maximum IOPS and maximum I/O bandwidth cannot be guaranteed for RDS instances that use cloud disks and general-purpose instance types.

RDS Basic Edition

Instance family

Instance type

Number of CPU cores and memory capacity

Maximum number of connections

Maximum IOPS

Maximum I/O bandwidth

(Unit: Gbit/s)

Storage capacity

General-purpose instance family

pg.n2.2c.1m

2 cores, 4 GB

400

The maximum IOPS and maximum I /O bandwidth cannot be guaranteed. For more information, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

  • PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL2 ESSD: 500 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL3 ESSD: 1,500 GB to 32,000 GB

pg.n4.2c.1m

2 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n2.4c.1m

4 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n4.4c.1m

4 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.n4.6c.1m

6 cores, 24 GB

2,400

pg.n4.8c.1m

8 cores, 32 GB

3,200

Dedicated instance family

pg.x8.medium.1

2 cores, 16 GB

1,600

10,000

1

pg.x8.large.1

4 cores, 32 GB

3,200

20,000

1.5

pg.x8.xlarge.1

8 cores, 64 GB

6,400

25,000

2

pg.x4.2xlarge.1

16 cores, 64 GB

6,400

40,000

3

pg.x8.2xlarge.1

16 cores, 128 GB

12,800

40,000

3

pg.x4.4xlarge.1

32 cores, 128 GB

12,800

60,000

5

pg.x8.4xlarge.1

32 cores, 256 GB

25,600

60,000

5

Note

Starting January 31, 2023, Alibaba Cloud gradually phases out some instance types for RDS instances that run RDS Basic Edition. The following table describes the instance types. To ensure business stability, we recommend that you do not purchase these instance types. For more information, see [Notice] Some general-purpose instance types are no longer available for purchase when you create ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL instances that run RDS Basic Edition from January 31, 2023.

Instance types that are to be phased out

Instance family

Instance type

Number of CPU cores and memory capacity

Maximum number of connections

General-purpose instance family

pg.n2.small. 1 (phased out)

1 core, 2 GB

200

pg.n2.medium.1

2 cores, 4 GB

400

pg.n4.medium.1

2 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n2.large.1

4 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n4.large.1

4 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.n2.xlarge.1

8 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.n4.xlarge.1

8 cores, 32 GB

3,200

pg.n2.2xlarge.1

16 cores, 32 GB

3,200

pg.n4.2xlarge.1

16 cores, 64 GB

6,400

pg.n8.2xlarge.1

16 cores, 128 GB

10,000

pg.n4.4xlarge.1

32 cores, 128 GB

12,800

pg.n8.4xlarge.1

32 cores, 256 GB

20,000

pg.n4.8xlarge.1 (phased out)

64 cores, 256 GB

22,000

pg.n8.8xlarge.1 (phased out)

64 cores, 512 GB

48,000

RDS High-availability Edition

Instance family

Instance type

Number of CPU cores and memory capacity

Maximum number of connections

Maximum IOPS

Maximum I/O bandwidth

(Unit: Gbit/s)

Storage capacity

General-purpose instance family

pg.n2.2c.2m

2 cores, 4 GB

400

The maximum IOPS and maximum I /O bandwidth cannot be guaranteed. For more information, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

  • PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL2 ESSD: 500 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL3 ESSD: 1,500 GB to 32,000 GB

pg.n2.4c.2m

4 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n2.8c.2m

8 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.n4.2c.2m

2 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n4.4c.2m

4 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.n4.6c.2m

6 cores, 24 GB

2,400

pg.n4.8c.2m

8 cores, 32 GB

3,200

pg.n4.12c.2m

12 cores, 48 GB

4,800

Dedicated instance family

pg.x2.medium.2c

2 cores, 4 GB

400

10,000

1

pg.x4.medium.2c

2 cores, 8 GB

800

10,000

1

pg.x8.medium.2c

2 cores, 16 GB

1,600

10,000

1

pg.x2.large.2c

4 cores, 8 GB

800

20,000

1.5

pg.x4.large.2c

4 cores, 16 GB

1,600

20,000

1.5

pg.x8.large.2c

4 cores, 32 GB

3,200

20,000

1.5

pg.x2.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 16 GB

1,600

25,000

2

pg.x4.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 32 GB

3,200

25,000

2

pg.x8.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 64 GB

6,400

25,000

2

pg.x2.3large.2c

12 cores, 24 GB

2,400

30,000

2.5

pg.x4.3large.2c

12 cores, 48 GB

4,800

30,000

2.5

pg.x8.3large.2c

12 cores, 96 GB

9,600

30,000

2.5

pg.x2.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 32 GB

3,200

40,000

3

pg.x4.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 64 GB

6,400

40,000

3

pg.x8.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 128 GB

12,800

40,000

3

pg.x2.3xlarge.2c

24 cores, 48 GB

4,800

50,000

4

pg.x4.3xlarge.2c

24 cores, 96 GB

9,600

50,000

4

pg.x8.3xlarge.2c

24 cores, 192 GB

19,200

50,000

4

pg.x2.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 64 GB

6,400

60,000

5

pg.x4.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 128 GB

12,800

60,000

5

pg.x8.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 256 GB

25,600

60,000

5

pg.x2.13large.2c

52 cores, 96 GB

9,600

100,000

8

pg.x4.13large.2c

52 cores, 192 GB

19,200

100,000

8

pg.x8.13large.2c

52 cores, 384 GB

38,400

100,000

8

pg.x2.8xlarge.2c

64 cores, 128 GB

12,800

120,000

10

pg.x4.8xlarge.2c

64 cores, 256 GB

25,600

120,000

10

pg.x8.8xlarge.2c

64 cores, 512 GB

51,200

120,000

10

pg.x2.13xlarge.2c

104 cores, 192 GB

19,200

200,000

16

pg.x4.13xlarge.2c

104 cores, 384 GB

38,400

200,000

16

pg.x8.13xlarge.2c

104 cores, 768 GB

76,800

200,000

16

Intel SGX-based security-enhanced instance type

ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL provides the fully encrypted database feature. If you enable this feature, you can encrypt sensitive data columns in tables in a database on your ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL instance. Data in the sensitive data columns is transmitted, computed, and stored in ciphertext. The fully encrypted database feature provides you with TEE-based data protection based on security-enhanced instance types. TEE is short for trusted execution environment. For more information about how to use the fully encrypted database feature, see Overview of the fully encrypted database feature.

Note

The following table describes the regions in which Intel SGX-based security-enhanced instance types are available for purchase.

Region

Zone

China (Hangzhou)

Hangzhou Zone K

China (Shanghai)

Shanghai Zone B and Shanghai Zone L

China (Beijing)

Beijing Zone I and Beijing Zone K

China (Hong Kong)

Hong Kong Zone B and Hong Kong Zone D

RDS edition

Instance family

Instance type

Number of CPU cores and memory capacity

Encrypted memory

Maximum number of connections

Maximum IOPS

Storage capacity

RDS High-availability Edition

Intel SGX-based security-enhanced instance type

pg.x4t.medium.2c

2 cores, 8 GB

4 GB

400

For more information, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

  • PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL2 ESSD: 500 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL3 ESSD: 1,500 GB to 32,000 GB

pg.x4t.large.2c

4 cores, 16 GB

8 GB

800

pg.x4t.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 32 GB

16 GB

1,600

pg.x4t.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 64 GB

32 GB

3,200

pg.x4t.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 128 GB

64 GB

6,400

RDS instances that use local disks

Note

Local disks are supported only when the RDS instance runs PostgreSQL 10.

RDS High-availability Edition

Instance family

Instance type

Number of CPU cores and memory capacity

Maximum number of connections

Maximum IOPS

Storage capacity

General-purpose instance family

rds.pg.s2.large

2 cores, 4 GB

Unlimited

For more information, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

20 GB to 6,000 GB

rds.pg.s3.large

4 cores, 8 GB

rds.pg.c1.large

8 cores, 16 GB

rds.pg.c1.xlarge

8 cores, 32 GB

rds.pg.c2.xlarge

16 cores, 64 GB

rds.pg.c2.2xlarge

16 cores, 128 GB

Dedicated instance family (with a large memory capacity)

pg.x8.medium.2

2 cores, 16 GB

2,500

4,500

pg.x8.large.2

4 cores, 32 GB

5,000

9,000

pg.x8.xlarge.2

8 cores, 64 GB

10,000

18,000

pg.x8.2xlarge.2

16 cores, 128 GB

20,000

36,000

Dedicated host instance family

rds.pg.st.h43

60 cores, 470 GB

12,000

50,000

ARM architecture

Before you can select the ARM architecture for an RDS instance, make sure that the following requirements are met:

  • The RDS instance runs PostgreSQL 13, PostgreSQL 14, or PostgreSQL 15.

  • The RDS instance uses PL1 ESSDs, PL2 ESSDs, or PL3 ESSDs.

  • The RDS instance resides in one of the following regions: China (Hangzhou), China (Shanghai), China (Beijing), China (Zhangjiakou), China (Shenzhen), and Singapore.

    Note

    The ARM architecture is available in phases. The ApsaraDB RDS buy page displays the regions and zones that support the ARM architecture.

Usage notes

Instance types

RDS edition

Instance family

Instance type

Number of CPU cores and memory capacity

Maximum number of connections

Maximum IOPS

Storage capacity

RDS High-availability Edition

General-purpose instance family

pg.n4m.2c.2m

2 cores, 8 GB

800

For more information, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

  • PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL2 ESSD: 500 GB to 32,000 GB

  • PL3 ESSD: 1,500 GB to 32,000 GB

pg.n4m.4c.2m

4 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.n4m.8c.2m

8 cores, 32 GB

3,200

pg.n2m.2c.2m

2 cores, 4 GB

400

pg.n2m.4c.2m

4 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.n2m.8c.2m

8 cores, 16 GB

1,600

Dedicated instance family

pg.x2m.medium.2c

2 cores, 4 GB

400

pg.x4m.medium.2c

2 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.x8m.medium.2c

2 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.x2m.large.2c

4 cores, 8 GB

800

pg.x4m.large.2c

4 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.x8m.large.2c

4 cores, 32 GB

3,200

pg.x2m.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 16 GB

1,600

pg.x4m.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 32 GB

3,200

pg.x8m.xlarge.2c

8 cores, 64 GB

6,400

pg.x2m.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 32 GB

3200

pg.x4m.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 64 GB

6,400

pg.x8m.2xlarge.2c

16 cores, 128 GB

12,800

pg.x2m.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 64 GB

6,400

pg.x4m.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 128 GB

12,800

pg.x8m.4xlarge.2c

32 cores, 256 GB

25,600

pg.x2m.8xlarge.2c

64 cores, 128 GB

12,800

pg.x4m.8xlarge.2c

64 cores, 256 GB

25,600

pg.x8m.8xlarge.2c

64 cores, 512 GB

51,200

Phased-out instance types

The following table describes the phased-out instance types of ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL. The phased-out instance types are no longer available to new RDS instances. We recommend that you select available instance types for new RDS instances.

Instance type

Number of CPU cores

Memory capacity

Maximum number of connections

Maximum IOPS

rds.pg.t1.small

1

1 GB

100

600

pg.x8.4xlarge.2

32

256 GB

20,000

50,000

pg.n1.micro.1

1

1 GB

100

For more information, see Primary ApsaraDB RDS instance types.

pg.gn5i-c2g1.large.1

2

8 GB

800

pg.gn5i-c4g1.xlarge.1

4

16 GB

1,600

pg.gn5i-c8g1.2xlarge.1

8

32 GB

3,200

pg.gn5i-c16g1.4xlarge.1

16

64 GB

6,400

pg.gn5i-c16g1.8xlarge.1

32

128 GB

12,800

pg.gn5i-c28g1.14xlarge.1

56

224 GB

22,000

pg.n2.small.2c

1

2 GB

200

pg.n2.medium.2c

2

4 GB

400

rds.pg.s1.small

1

2 GB

200

pg.n2.small.1

1

2 GB

200

pg.n4.8xlarge.1

64

256 GB

22,000

pg.n8.8xlarge.1

64

512 GB

48,000