Create Graph Indexes for Faster Node & Pattern Queries - PolarDB

Use indexes to speed up graph queries in PolarDB for PostgreSQL. Three index types are available, each optimized for a different query pattern.

Index type	Best for
ID index	Queries that traverse relationships between nodes, e.g., `MATCH ()-[]->()`
GIN index	Queries that match nodes by label and property value, e.g., `MATCH (:Label {property: value})`
Property index	Queries that filter results in a `WHERE` clause, e.g., `WHERE o.property = value`

Prerequisites

Before you begin, ensure that you have:

Installed the ganos_graph extension using a high-privilege account:
```
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS ganos_graph;
```

If installation fails with ERROR: invalid extension name: "ganos_graph", contact us for assistance.

An ID index speeds up queries that traverse relationships between nodes.

Use an ID index when your queries match relationship patterns across the graph:

MATCH ()-[]->()

SELECT age_create_id_index(<graph_name>, <is_unique>);

Parameter	Description	Required
`<graph_name>`	The name of the graph.	Yes
`<is_unique>`	(Optional) Specifies if the indexed values must be unique.	No

SELECT age_create_id_index('my_graph');

A generalized inverted index (GIN) speeds up queries that search for nodes by their properties.

Use a GIN index when your queries match nodes by a specific label and property value:

MATCH (:Label {property: value})

SELECT age_create_gin_index('<graph_name>')

Parameter	Description	Required
`<graph_name>`	The name of the graph.	Yes

SELECT age_create_gin_index('my_graph');

A property index (often a B-tree index) speeds up queries that filter nodes by a property value in a WHERE clause.

Use a property index when your queries match a pattern and then filter results by a property:

MATCH (o:Label)-[]->()
WHERE o.property = value

SELECT age_create_prop_index('<graph_name>','<tag_name>','<property_name>');

Parameter	Description	Required
`<graph_name>`	The name of the graph.	Yes
`<label_name>`	The name of the label containing the property.	Yes
`<property_name>`	The name of the property to index.	Yes

SELECT age_create_prop_index('my_graph','my_label', 'name');