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PolarDB:Spatial reference systems

Last Updated:Mar 28, 2026

A spatial reference system (SRS) defines how spatial objects in GanosBase map to positions on the Earth's surface.

SRS types

GanosBase supports three types of SRSs:

TypeDescriptionUnit
Geodetic coordinate systemMaps spatial objects using latitude and longitude on the Earth's surfaceDegrees
Projected coordinate systemFlattens the Earth's spherical surface onto a plane using mathematical projections, enabling direct calculation of distances, areas, and anglesMeters or feet (varies by SRS)
Local coordinate systemA Cartesian coordinate system that does not reference the Earth's surfaceVaries

How projected coordinate systems work: Think of shining a light through a globe onto a surrounding sheet of paper — the shadow on the paper is a projection of the globe's surface. A projected coordinate system does the same mathematically, using a defined origin and two orthogonal axes to create a flat Cartesian grid. Each projected SRS defines its own unit of measurement and the range of valid coordinates.

The spatial_ref_sys table

GanosBase includes a built-in spatial_ref_sys table that conforms to Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards. The table covers more than 8,500 known SRSs, along with the information needed to convert and reproject between them. You can also add custom SRSs that conform to the PROJ4 standard.

Table columns

ColumnData typeDescription
sridintegerUnique identifier of the SRS within GanosBase
auth_namevarchar(256)Name of the standards body that defined the SRS (for example, EPSG)
auth_sridintegerIdentifier of the SRS within its standards body
srtextvarchar(2048)Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the SRS
proj4textvarchar(2048)PROJ4 representation of the SRS

Register a custom SRS

Use ST_SrReg to register a new SRS not included in the built-in table. This is useful when working with a proprietary or regional coordinate system outside the default 8,500+ SRSs.

Compare two SRSs

Use ST_SrEqual to check whether two SRSs are equivalent — for example, before combining spatial data from different sources.