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Key Management Service:Overview

Last Updated:Mar 31, 2026

The Overview page is a real-time dashboard for your Key Management Service (KMS) instances, showing instance types, operational status, and performance metrics. Use it to spot performance bottlenecks, catch error spikes, and trigger alerts before issues affect your workloads.

KMS integrates with CloudMonitor to display metric trend graphs on the Overview page. Common issues you can detect include:

  • Request volume approaching the instance's performance limit — time to upgrade

  • 4xx errors caused by invalid requests or missing resources

  • 5xx errors indicating temporary service unavailability

Important

If the page shows "The current instance version is too low. To view all metrics, submit a ticket to confirm the upgrade time", upgrade the image version of your KMS instance.

For more information about CloudMonitor, see What is CloudMonitor?.

Prerequisites

Before you begin, ensure that you have:

  • A KMS instance

  • (For RAM users) The AliyunCloudMonitorReadOnlyAccess permission for CloudMonitor, granted in the RAM console. For more information about Resource Access Management (RAM), see Grant permissions to a RAM user

View KMS instance metrics

  1. Log on to the KMS console. In the top navigation bar, select a region. In the left navigation pane, click Overview.

  2. Select an Instance ID to view the overview and monitoring data for that instance.

    Note

    Metrics are available for the last 30 days.

  3. (Optional) Turn on Auto Refresh. KMS refreshes the monitoring data every minute.

Supported CloudMonitor metrics

All 14 metrics support alerting. The dimensions are userId, regionId, and instanceId (or user_id and instance_id for utilization metrics), with statistics type Value.

MetricDescriptionWhen to act
Requests per minute for an instanceTotal requests per minuteAlert when approaching 90% of your instance's QPS limit — indicates time to upgrade
Symmetric encryption/decryption requests per minuteSymmetric operation requests per minuteMonitor for sudden spikes that may indicate unexpected load
Asymmetric encryption requests per minuteAsymmetric encryption requests per minuteMonitor alongside asymmetric decryption to identify workload imbalances
Asymmetric decryption requests per minuteAsymmetric decryption requests per minuteMonitor alongside asymmetric encryption to identify workload imbalances
Asymmetric signing requests per minuteAsymmetric signing requests per minuteAlert on unexpected spikes that may indicate misuse or runaway processes
Asymmetric signature verification requests per minuteAsymmetric signature verification requests per minuteAlert on unexpected spikes that may indicate misuse or runaway processes
Credential operation requests per minuteCredential requests per minuteMonitor for abnormal access patterns to credentials
Other requests per minuteOther operation requests per minuteUse as a catch-all to detect unexpected request types
5xx error requestsRequests with 5xx error codes per minuteAlert immediately — indicates service unavailability; retry or contact support
4xx error requestsRequests with 4xx error codes per minuteAlert immediately — indicates invalid requests or missing resources; review error messages
Request latencyAverage latency of all requests per minuteAlert when latency exceeds your application's tolerance — may indicate instance overload
KMS instance CPU utilizationCPU utilization of the instanceAlert at high utilization — may precede QPS degradation
KMS instance symmetric QPS utilizationSymmetric QPS utilization of the instanceAlert when approaching the symmetric key capacity limit
KMS instance asymmetric QPS utilizationAsymmetric QPS utilization of the instanceAlert when approaching the asymmetric key capacity limit

Configure alert rules

Recommended alerts to start with

Set up these alert rules to cover the most common KMS issues:

What to monitorRecommended thresholdWhy
Requests per minute for an instance≥ 90% of instance QPS × 60, for 3 consecutive statistical periodsIndicates the instance is near its performance limit — upgrade before requests fail
4xx error requestsOccurs for 3 consecutive statistical periodsSignals invalid requests or missing resources that need investigation
5xx error requestsOccurs for 3 consecutive statistical periodsIndicates intermittent service unavailability — retry or contact Alibaba Cloud support

For instance performance limits, see Performance data.

Create an alert rule

  1. Log on to the KMS console. In the top navigation bar, select a region. In the left navigation pane, click Overview.

  2. On the Overview page, click Configure Alert Rules to go to the CloudMonitor console.

  3. On the Alert Rules page, click Create Alert Rule and complete the configuration. For more information, see Create an alert rule.

    Set Product to Key Management Service when creating the rule.

Example: Alert when QPS reaches 90% of instance capacity

This example configures an alert rule that triggers when request volume reaches 90% of a KMS instance's QPS capacity — the recommended threshold for deciding when to upgrade.

Scenario: A KMS instance with a QPS of 2,000. The alert threshold is 108,000 requests per minute (2,000 × 60 × 90%).

  1. Log on to the KMS console. In the top navigation bar, select a region. In the left navigation pane, click Overview.

  2. On the Overview page, click Configure Alert Rules to go to the CloudMonitor console.

  3. On the Alert Rules page, click Create Alert Rule. Configure the rule using the following parameters, then click Confirm.

    ParameterValue
    ProductKey Management Service
    Resource RangeInstances
    Associated ResourcesClick Add Instance, select the KMS instance to monitor, then click OK
    Rule DescriptionClick Add Rule and select Simple Metric. In the Configure Rule Description panel, set: Alert Rule to a custom name; Metric Type to Simple Metric; Metric to Instance Dimensions / Requests per Minute with condition Warn, threshold >= 108,000, for 3 consecutive statistical periods
    Mute PeriodDefault: 24 hours. During the mute period, CloudMonitor suppresses repeated notifications even if the threshold remains exceeded. After the mute period ends, CloudMonitor sends another notification if the metric has not recovered
    Effective Period, Tag, Alert Contact GroupFill in as needed
    Advanced SettingsKeep defaults for Alert Callback, Push Channel, Recovery Notification, and Method to handle alerts when no monitoring data is found

What's next

  • Alert events — configure system event alerts for KMS using CloudMonitor