This topic describes how to deploy and use Docker in an ECS instance that runs Alibaba Cloud Linux 2.1903 LTS 64-bit. This tutorial is intended for developers who are familiar with Linux but new to Alibaba Cloud ECS.

Prerequisites

  • An Alibaba Cloud account is created. To create an Alibaba Cloud account, go to the account registration page.
  • At least one instance is created. For more information, see Create an instance by using the provided wizard.
    The following instance configurations are used in the example:
    • Instance type: ecs.g6.large
    • Operating system: Alibaba Cloud Linux 2.1903 LTS 64-bit
      Note The commands in the example are also applicable to CentOS 7.
    • Network type: VPC
    • IP address: public IP address

Procedure

  1. Deploy Docker
  2. Use Docker
  3. Create an image

Deploy Docker

You can purchase the required image from Alibaba Cloud Marketplace and easily deploy Docker. You can also manually install Docker as described in this topic.

  1. Remotely connect to an ECS instance. For more information, see Overview.
  2. Run the following commands in sequence to add the YUM repository:
    yum update
yum install epel-release -y
yum clean all
yum list
  3. Install and run Docker.
    yum install docker-io -y
systemctl start docker
  4. Check the installation result.
    docker info
    If the following information is displayed, Docker is installed.site

Use Docker

You can use Docker in these ways:
  • Manage the Docker daemon. 
    systemctl start docker     #Run the Docker daemon.
systemctl stop docker      #Stop the Docker daemon.
systemctl restart docker   #Restart the Docker daemon.
  • Manage images. In the following example, Apache images from Alibaba Cloud Container Registry are used. 
    docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lxepoo/apache-php5
    • Modify the tags of images in Alibaba Cloud Container Registry to simplify image identification. 
      docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lxepoo/apache-php5:latest aliweb:v1
    • Check existing images. 
      docker images
    • Force delete an image. 
      docker rmi -f registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lxepoo/apache-php5
  • Manage containers.
    • Access a container. Run the docker images command to obtain the ImageId value, which is e1xxxxxxxxxe. Then, run the docker run command to access the container. 
      docker run -it e1xxxxxxxxxe /bin/bash
    • Exit the container. Run the exit command to exit the container.
    • You can combine the run command with the –d parameter to run the container in the background. The --name parameter specifies apache as the container name. 
      docker run -d --name apache e1xxxxxxxxxe
      exit
    • Access the container that runs in the background. 
      docker exec -it apache /bin/bash
    • Create an image from the container. Description of parameters in the command: docker commit <Container ID or container name> [<Repository name>[:<Tag>]]. 
      docker commit containerID/containerName repository:tag
    • To easily test and restore an image, you can run the source image, derive a new image with a simple name from the source image, and then test the new image. 
      docker commit 4c8066cd8**** apachephp:v1
    • Run the container and map port 8080 of the host to the container. 
      docker run -d -p 8080:80 apachephp:v1

      In a browser, enter the IP address of the instance followed by the port number 8080 to connect to the container. The following response indicates that the container runs normally.

      Mapping result

Create an image

  1. Prepare the following content in Dockerfile:
    1. Create and edit the Dockerfile file.
      vim Dockerfile
    2. Press the I key to enter the edit mode. Add the following content to the file:
      FROM apachephp:v1  #Declare the source of the base image.
MAINTAINER DTSTACK #Declare the image owner.
RUN mkdir /dtstact #The commands that you want to run before the container starts. You must append these commands to the end of the RUN command. Dockerfile can contain only a maximum of 127 lines. If you have commands that exceed 127 lines, we recommend that you write these commands to a script.
ENTRYPOINT ping www.aliyun.com #The commands that run at system startup. The last command must be a frontend command that runs constantly. Otherwise, the container will exit after running all commands.
    3. Press the Esc key. Enter :wq and press the Enter key to save and exit the Dockerfile file.
  2. Build an image.
    docker build -t webaliyunlinux:v1 .   # . specifies the path of Dockerfile and cannot be ignored.
docker images                    #Check whether the image is built.
  3. Run the container and check its status.
    docker run -dwebaliyunlinux:v1       #Run the container in the background.
docker ps                        #Query the containers that are in the running state.
docker ps –a                     #Query all containers including those in the stopped state.
docker logs CONTAINER ID/IMAGE   #Check the startup log to troubleshoot the issue based on the container ID or name if the container do not exist in the query result.
  4. Create an image.
    docker commit fb2844b6**** dtstackweb:v1 #Append the container ID and the name and version number of the new image to the end of the commit command.
docker images                    #Query images that have been downloaded and created on premises.
  5. Push the image to a remote repo.
    By default, the image is pushed to Docker Hub. You must log on to Docker, bind a tag to the image, and then name the image in the Docker username/image name:tag format. Then the push is completed. 
    docker login --username=dtstack_plus registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com #Specify the password of the image repository. Enter the password after you run this command.
docker tag [ImageId] registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/dtstack123/test:[Tag]
docker push registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/dtstack123/test:[Tag]