AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL Ganos is a spatio-temporal engine. Ganos provides a series of data types, functions, and stored procedures for AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL to store, index, query, analyze, and compute spatial or spatio-temporal data in a cost-efficient manner.
For more information about Ganos, see Overview.
Raster SQL references
| Feature | Function | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Raster creation | ST_CreateRast | Creates a raster object based on Object Storage Service (OSS). |
| Import and export | ST_ImportFrom | Imports an OSS object to the database. |
| ST_ExportTo | Exports a raster object as an OSS object. | |
| Pyramid operations | ST_BuildPyramid | Creates a pyramid for a raster object. |
| ST_DeletePyramid | Deletes a pyramid for a raster object. | |
| ST_BestPyramidLevel | Returns the optimal pyramid level based on the world space, width, and height of a viewport. | |
| Coordinate system conversion | ST_Rast2WorldCoord | Returns the world coordinates of a cell by using an affine transformation formula based on the pixel coordinates and pyramid level of the cell. |
| ST_World2RastCoord | Returns the pixel coordinates of a cell by using the inverse of an affine transformation based on the world coordinates and pyramid level of the cell. | |
| Pixel value operations | ST_ClipDimension | Returns the raster coordinates of a clipped area. |
| ST_Clip | Clips a raster object. | |
| ST_ClipToRast | Clips a raster object by using a specified geometry object and returns the clipping result as a new raster object. | |
| ST_AddZ | Specifies the Z coordinate of a geometry based on the band of the raster that is converted from the geometry. | |
| ST_MosaicFrom | Performs a mosaic operation to combine multiple raster objects into a new raster object. | |
| DEM operations | ST_Slope | Returns the slope of an elevation raster band in degrees. |
| Attribute query and update | ST_Name | Returns the name of a raster object. If no name is specified, the function returns null. |
| ST_SetName | Sets the name of a raster object. | |
| ST_MetaData | Returns the metadata of a raster object in the JSON format. | |
| ST_Width | Returns the width of a raster object. For information about how to return the width of a chunk, see ST_ChuckWidth. | |
| ST_Height | Returns the height of a raster object. | |
| ST_NumBands | Returns the number of bands in a raster object. | |
| ST_Value | Returns the value of a cell based on the specified band, row number, and column number. | |
| ST_RasterID | Returns the UUID of a raster object. | |
| ST_CellDepth | Returns the pixel depth of a raster object. The pixel depth can be 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64, where 0 indicates that the pixel depth is unknown. | |
| ST_CellType | Returns the pixel type of a raster object. The pixel type can be 8BSI, 8BUI, 16BSI, 16BUI, 32BSI, 32BUI, 32BF, or 64BF. | |
| ST_InterleavingType | Returns the interleaving type of a raster object. The interleaving type can be BSQ, BIL, or BIP. | |
| ST_TopPyramidLevel | Returns the highest pyramid level of a raster object. | |
| ST_Extent | Returns the coordinate range of a raster object in the '((maxX,maxY),(minX,minY))' format.
|
|
| ST_ConvexHull | Returns the convex hull geometry of a raster object. | |
| ST_Envelope | Returns the bounding box of a raster object. | |
| ST_Srid | Returns the spatial reference system identifier (SRID) of a raster object. The SRID and its definition are stored in the spatial_ref_sys table. | |
| ST_SetSrid | Sets the SRID of a raster object. The SRID and its definition are stored in the spatial_ref_sys table. | |
| ST_ScaleX | Returns the pixel width of a raster object on the X scale in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_ScaleY | Returns the pixel width of a raster object on the Y scale in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_SetScale | Sets the pixel widths of a raster object on the X and Y scales in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_SkewX | Returns the skew of a raster object on the X scale in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_SkewY | Returns the skew of a raster object on the Y scale in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_SetSkew | Sets the skews of a raster object on the X and Y scales in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_UpperLeftX | Returns the upper-left X coordinate of a raster object in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_UpperLeftY | Returns the upper-left Y coordinate of a raster object in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_SetUpperLeft | Sets the upper-left X and Y coordinates of a raster object in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_PixelWidth | Returns the pixel width of a raster object in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_PixelHeight | Returns the pixel height of a raster object in the spatial reference system. | |
| ST_Georeference | Returns the geographic reference information of a raster object. Affine parameters in the text format of "A,B,C,D,E,F" are returned. | |
| ST_IsGeoreferenced | Specifies whether a raster object is geographically referenced. The return value is t or f in the Boolean format. | |
| ST_UnGeoreference | Deletes the geographic reference information of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetGeoreference | Sets the geographic reference information for a raster object. | |
| ST_NoData | Returns the predefined NoData value for a band of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetNoData | Sets the NoData value for a specified band of a raster object. | |
| ST_ColorTable | Returns the color table of a band of a raster object in the JSON format. | |
| ST_SetColorTable | Sets the color table in the JSON format for a specified band of a raster object. | |
| ST_Statistics | Returns the statistics for a band of a raster object in the JSON format. | |
| ST_SetStatistics | Sets the statistics for a specified band of a raster object. | |
| ST_SummaryStats | Returns the statistics for a specified band set of a raster object. | |
| ST_ColorInterp | Returns the color interpretation type of a band of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetColorInterp | Sets the color interpretation type for a specified band of a raster object. | |
| ST_Histogram | Returns the histogram of a specified band of a raster object in the text format. If the band does not have a histogram, the function returns null. | |
| ST_SetHistogram | Sets the histogram in the JSON format for a specified band of a raster object. | |
| ST_BuildHistogram | Returns the histogram of a specified band set of a raster object. | |
| ST_StatsQuantile | Returns the quantiles of a raster object. | |
| ST_Quantile | Returns the pixel values of the quantiles for a raster object. | |
| ST_MD5Sum | Returns the MD5 hash string of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetMD5Sum | Sets the MD5 hash string for a raster object. | |
| ST_XMin | Returns the minimum X-coordinate value of a raster object. | |
| ST_YMin | Returns the minimum Y-coordinate value of a raster object. | |
| ST_XMax | Returns the maximum X-coordinate value of a raster object. | |
| ST_YMax | Returns the maximum Y-coordinate value of a raster object. | |
| ST_ChunkHeight | Returns the chunk height of a raster object. | |
| ST_ChunkWidth | Returns the chunk width of a raster object. | |
| ST_ChunkBands | Returns the number of bands for a chunk of a raster object. | |
| ST_MetaItems | Returns the customized metadata items of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetMetaData | Sets a metadata item for a raster object or a band. | |
| ST_BeginDateTime | Returns the start time of a raster object. | |
| ST_EndDateTime | Returns the end time of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetBeginDateTime | Sets the start time of a raster object. | |
| ST_SetEndDateTime | Sets the end time of a raster object. | |
| ST_DateTime | Returns the time information of a raster object or band. | |
| ST_SetDateTime | Sets the start and end time of a raster object or the time information of a band. | |
| Operators | Equal to operator (=) | Determines whether the UUID of the first raster object is equal to that of the second. |
| Greater than operator (>) | Determines whether the UUID of the first raster object is greater than that of the second. | |
| Less than operator (<) | Determines whether the UUID of the first raster object is less than that of the second. | |
| Greater than or equal to operator (>=) | Determines whether the UUID of the first raster object is greater than or equal to that of the second. | |
| Less than or equal to operator (<=) | Determines whether the UUID of the first raster object is less than or equal to that of the second. | |
| Spatial relationship identification | ST_Intersects | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object intersects with the second. |
| ST_Contains | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object completely contains the second. | |
| ST_ContainsProperly | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object properly contains the second. | |
| ST_Covers | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object covers the second. | |
| ST_CoveredBy | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object is covered by the second. | |
| ST_Disjoint | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object does not touch or intersect with the second. | |
| ST_overlaps | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object overlaps with the second. | |
| ST_Touches | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object touches the second. | |
| ST_Within | Identifies the spatial relationship between two raster objects or between a raster object and a geometric object to determine whether the first object is completely enclosed within the second. | |
| Auxiliary functions | ST_CheckGPU | Checks whether a GPU is available in the current environment. |
| ST_AKId | Returns the AccessKey ID that is used to access a raster object stored in OSS. This function can be used to modify multiple AccessKey IDs at a time. | |
| ST_SetAccessKey | Sets the AccessKey pair that is used to access a raster object stored in OSS. | |
| ST_SetAKId | Sets the AccessKey ID that is used to access a raster object stored in OSS. | |
| ST_SetAKSecret | Sets the AccessKey secret that is used to access a raster object stored in OSS. | |
| Variables | ganos.raster.calculate_md5 | Specifies whether the MD5 hash string is calculated and saved to the metadata when a raster object is imported. |
| ganos.raster.md5sum_chunk_size | Sets the size of data that can be cached for each read operation when the MD5 hash string is calculated. Unit: MB. | |
| ganos.raster.mosaic_must_same_nodata | Specifies whether the values of NoData in a data source must be the same during the mosaic operation. The values of NoData are not changed during the mosaic operation. If you set this variable to false, the semantics of pixels after the mosaic operation may be changed. |
SpatialRef SQL references
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| ST_SrEqual | Determines whether two spatial reference systems are the same. |
| ST_SrReg | Registers a spatial reference system. |
| ST_SrFromEsriWkt | Converts a string from the Esri well-known text (WKT) format to the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) WKT format. |
Trajectory SQL references
| Feature | Function | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Geometry constructors | ST_makeTrajectory | Constructs a trajectory object. |
| ST_append | Appends trajectory points or a sub-trajectory to a trajectory object. | |
| Editing and processing functions | ST_Compress | Compresses a trajectory object based on the offset threshold of the Euclidean distance. |
| ST_CompressSED | Compresses a trajectory object based on the offset threshold of the synchronous Euclidean distance (SED). | |
| ST_attrDeduplicate | Removes trajectory points that have duplicate values for an attribute field from a trajectory object and returns the deduplicated trajectory object. The start and end trajectory points of the trajectory object must be retained. | |
| ST_sort | Sorts the timeline of a trajectory object in ascending order and returns the trajectory object after sorting. | |
| ST_deviation | Returns the deviation of the processed trajectory object from the original trajectory object. | |
| Attribute metadata | ST_attrDefinition | Returns the definitions of attribute fields in a trajectory object. |
| ST_attrSize | Returns the number of attribute fields in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrName | Returns the name of an attribute field or the names of all attribute fields in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrType | Returns the data type of an attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrLength | Returns the defined length of an attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrNullable | Determines whether an attribute field can be null in a trajectory object. | |
| Event functions | ST_addEvent | Adds an event to a trajectory object. |
| ST_eventTimes | Returns the time of all events in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_eventTime | Returns the time of an event with a specified index in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_eventTypes | Returns the type IDs of all events in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_eventType | Returns the type ID of an event with a specified index in a trajectory object. | |
| Attribute functions | ST_startTime | Returns the start time of a trajectory object. |
| ST_endTime | Returns the end time of a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajectorySpatial | Returns the spatial geometry object of a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajectoryTemporal | Returns the timeline of a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajAttrs | Returns the attribute fields of a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrIntMax | Returns the maximum value of an INTEGER-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrIntMin | Returns the minimum value of an INTEGER-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrIntAverage | Returns the average value of an INTEGER-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrFloatMax | Returns the maximum value of a FLOAT-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrFloatMin | Returns the minimum value of a FLOAT-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrFloatAverage | Returns the average value of a FLOAT-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_leafType | Returns the leaf type of a trajectory object. | |
| ST_leafCount | Returns the number of leaves (trajectory points) in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_duration | Returns the duration of a trajectory object. | |
| ST_timeAtPoint | Returns a set of time points when a trajectory object passes through a spatial point. | |
| ST_pointAtTime | Returns the spatial geometry object of a trajectory object at a specified time point. | |
| ST_velocityAtTime | Returns the value of the velocity attribute field in a trajectory object at a specified time point. | |
| ST_accelerationAtTime | Returns the value of the acceleration attribute field in a trajectory object at a specified time point. | |
| ST_timeToDistance | Returns a line chart in which the time is on the x-axis and the Euclidean distance is on the y-axis. | |
| ST_timeAtDistance | Returns the time point at which a trajectory object moves from the start point for a specified distance. | |
| ST_cumulativeDistanceAtTime | Returns the cumulative distance that a trajectory object covers after it moves from the start point until a specified time point arrives. | |
| ST_timeAtCumulativeDistance | Returns the time point at which a trajectory object moves from the start point for a specified cumulative distance. | |
| ST_subTrajectory | Returns the sub-trajectory of a trajectory object within a specified time range. | |
| ST_subTrajectorySpatial | Returns the spatial geometry object of a trajectory object within a specified time range. | |
| ST_samplingInterval | Returns the sampling interval. | |
| ST_trajAttrsAsText | Returns an array of values for a TEXT-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajAttrsAsInteger | Returns an array of values for an INTEGER-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajAttrsAsDouble | Returns an array of values for a DOUBLE-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajAttrsAsBool | Returns an array of values for a BOOLEAN-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_trajAttrsAsTimestamp | Returns an array of values for a TIMESTAMP-type attribute field in a trajectory object. | |
| ST_attrIntFilter | Returns an array of values for an INTEGER-type attribute field in a trajectory object based on a specified fixed value or value range. | |
| ST_attrFloatFilter | Returns an array of values for a FLOAT-type attribute field in a trajectory object based on a specified fixed value or value range. | |
| ST_attrTimestampFilter | Returns an array of values for a TIMESTAMP-type attribute field in a trajectory object based on a specified fixed value or value range. | |
| ST_attrNullFilter | Filters trajectory points whose values are null for a specified attribute field in a trajectory object and returns a new trajectory object that consists of these trajectory points. | |
| ST_attrNotNullFilter | Filters trajectory points whose values are not null for a specified attribute field in a trajectory object and returns a new trajectory object that consists of these trajectory points. | |
| ST_trajAttrsMeanMax | Returns the maximum average value of an attribute field within each time range by using the MEAN-MAX algorithm. | |
| Functions to process bounding boxes | ST_MakeBox | Returns the bounding box of an object within a specified time range. |
| ST_MakeBox{Z|T|2D|2DT|3D|3DT} | Builds a bounding box based on specified parameter settings. | |
| ST_BoxndfToGeom | Converts a bounding box into a geometry. | |
| ST_Has{xy|z|t} | Determines whether a bounding box has one or more specified dimensions. | |
| ST_{X|Y|Z|T}Min | Returns the minimum value of a bounding box in a specified dimension. | |
| ST_{X|Y|Z|T}Max | Returns the maximum value of a bounding box in a specified dimension. | |
| ST_ExpandSpatial | Expands a bounding box to a specified spatial scope. | |
| Operators to process bounding boxes | INTERSECT operators | Determines whether the bounding box of the left operand-specified object intersects with that of the right operand-specified object in a specified dimension. |
| INCLUDE operators | Determines whether the bounding box of the left operand-specified object includes that of the right operand-specified object in a specified dimension. | |
| INCLUDED operators | Determines whether the bounding box of the left operand-specified object is included in that of the right operand-specified object in a specified dimension. | |
| Spatial relationship identification | ST_intersects | Determines whether a trajectory object and a geometry object intersect in space within a specified time range. |
| ST_equals | Determines whether a trajectory object and a geometry object are spatially equal within a specified time range. | |
| ST_distanceWithin | Determines whether the distance between a trajectory object within a specified time range and a geometry object is within a specified distance. | |
| Spatial processing | ST_intersection | Returns a new trajectory object that indicates the intersection of a trajectory object within a specified time range and a specified geometry object. |
| ST_difference | Returns a new trajectory object that indicates the difference between a trajectory object within a specified time range and a specified geometry object. | |
| Spatial statistics | ST_nearestApproachPoint | Returns the spatial point in a trajectory object that is nearest to a specified geometry object within a specified time range. |
| ST_nearestApproachDistance | Returns the nearest distance between a trajectory object and a specified geometry object within a specified time range. | |
| Spatio-temporal relationship identification | ST_intersects | Determines whether trajectory objects 1 and 2 intersect in space within a specified time range. |
| ST_equals | Determines whether trajectory objects 1 and 2 are spatially equal within a specified time range. | |
| ST_distanceWithin | Determines whether the distance between trajectory objects 1 and 2 within a specified time range is within a specified distance. | |
| ST_durationWithin | Determines whether the time difference between when trajectory objects 1 and 2 intersect at the same spatial point within a specified time range is within a specified interval. | |
| ST_{Z|T|2D|2DT|3D|3DT}Intersects | Determines whether two objects intersect on a specified axis. | |
| ST_{2D|2DT|3D|3DT}Intersects_IndexLeft | Determines whether two objects intersect on a specified axis and specifies to use the index on the column that stores the first object. | |
| ST_{2D|2DT|3D|3DT}DWithin | Determines whether the distance between two objects on a specified axis is less than or equal to a specified threshold. | |
| ST_{2D|2DT|3D|3DT}DWithin_IndexLeft | Determines whether the distance between two objects on a specified axis is less than or equal to a specified threshold and specifies to use the index on the column that stores the first object. | |
| ST_{T|2D|2DT|3D|3DT}Contains | Determines whether the first object includes the second object on a specified axis. | |
| ST_{T|2D|2DT|3D|3DT}Within | Determines whether the first object is included in the second object on a specified axis. | |
| Spatio-temporal processing | ST_intersection | Returns a new trajectory object that indicates the intersection of trajectory objects 1 and 2 within a specified time range. |
| Spatio-temporal statistics | ST_nearestApproachPoint | Returns the spatial point in trajectory object 1 that is nearest to trajectory object 2 within a specified time range. |
| ST_nearestApproachDistance | Returns the nearest distance between trajectory objects 1 and 2 within a specified time range. | |
| Distance measurement | ST_length | Returns the total length of a trajectory object, in meters. |
| ST_euclideanDistance | Returns the Euclidean distance between two trajectory objects at the same time point. | |
| ST_mdistance | Returns an array of Euclidean distances between two trajectory objects at the same time point. | |
| Similarity analysis | ST_lcsSimilarity | Returns the similarity between two trajectory objects based on the longest common sub-sequence (LCSS) algorithm. |
| ST_lcsDistance | Returns the distance and time difference between two trajectory objects based on the LCSS algorithm. | |
| ST_lcsSubDistance | Returns the distance between an LCSS trajectory object and its sub-trajectory object. | |
| Indexing | GiST indexing | Creates a GiST index on a column that stores trajectory data. |
| TrajGiST indexing | Creates a TrajGiST index on a column that stores trajectory data. | |
| Variables | ganos.trajectory.attr_string_length | Sets a default length for STRING-type attribute fields. |