How to upload a local file to OSS - Object Storage Service - Alibaba Cloud Dokümantasyon Merkezi

Bu konuda, basit yükleme yöntemi kullanılarak yerel dosyaların Object Storage Service (OSS) hizmetine nasıl hızlıca yükleneceği açıklanmaktadır. Bu yöntem basit ve anlaşılırdır; yerel dosyaları hızla yüklemek istediğiniz senaryolar için uygundur.

Notlar

Bu konuda Çin (Hangzhou) bölgesinin genel uç noktası kullanılmıştır. OSS ile aynı bölgedeki diğer Alibaba Cloud hizmetlerinden OSS'e erişmek için dahili uç noktayı kullanın. OSS bölgeleri ve uç noktaları hakkında daha fazla bilgi için bkz. Bölgeler ve uç noktalar.
Bu konuda erişim kimlik bilgileri ortam değişkenlerinden alınmaktadır. Erişim kimlik bilgilerinin nasıl yapılandırılacağı hakkında daha fazla bilgi için bkz. Erişim kimlik bilgilerini yapılandırma.
Bu konu, bir OSS uç noktası kullanarak bir OSSClient örneği oluşturmayı göstermektedir. Özel etki alanı kullanımı veya Security Token Service (STS) kimlik bilgileriyle kimlik doğrulama gibi alternatif yapılandırmalar için bkz. İstemci yapılandırma (Go SDK V1).

Örnekler

Aşağıdaki örnek kod, yerel bir dosyanın examplebucket paketindeki exampledir dizininde bulunan exampleobject.txt nesnesine nasıl yükleneceğini göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create credentials provider: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the signature version.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create OSS client: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
	bucketName := "examplebucket" // Replace examplebucket with the actual bucket name.
	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to get bucket: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the full path of the object. Example: exampledir/exampleobject.txt. Then, specify the full path of the local file. Example: D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt. 
	objectKey := "exampledir/exampleobject.txt" // Replace exampledir/exampleobject.txt with the actual object key.
	localFilePath := "D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt" // Replace D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt with the actual local file path.
	err = bucket.PutObjectFromFile(objectKey, localFilePath)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to put object from file: %v", err)
	}

	log.Println("File uploaded successfully.")
}

Yaygın senaryolar

Bir dize nasıl yüklenir?

Aşağıdaki örnek kod, bir dizenin examplebucket paketindeki exampledir dizininde bulunan exampleobject.txt nesnesine nasıl yükleneceğini göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"log"
	"strings"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create credentials provider: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the signature version.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create OSS client: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
	bucketName := "examplebucket" // Replace examplebucket with the actual bucket name.
	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to get bucket: %v", err)
	}

	objectKey := "exampledir/exampleobject.txt" // Replace exampledir/exampleobject.txt with the actual object key.
	content := "Hello OSS"
	err = bucket.PutObject(objectKey, strings.NewReader(content))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to put object: %v", err)
	}

	log.Println("File uploaded successfully.")
}

Bir bayt dizisi nasıl yüklenir?

Aşağıdaki örnek kod, bir bayt dizisinin examplebucket paketindeki exampledir dizininde bulunan exampleobject.txt nesnesine nasıl yükleneceğini göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create credentials provider: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the signature version.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create OSS client: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
	bucketName := "examplebucket" // Replace examplebucket with the actual bucket name.
	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to get bucket: %v", err)
	}

	err = bucket.PutObject("exampledir/exampleobject.txt", bytes.NewReader([]byte("yourObjectValueByteArrary")))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to put object: %v", err)
	}

	log.Println("File uploaded successfully.")
}

Bir ağ akışı nasıl yüklenir?

Aşağıdaki örnek kod, bir ağ akışının examplebucket paketindeki exampledir dizininde bulunan exampleobject.txt nesnesine nasıl yükleneceğini göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"net/http"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create credentials provider: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the signature version.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create OSS client: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
	bucketName := "examplebucket" // Replace examplebucket with the actual bucket name.
	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to get bucket: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the full path of the object. Example: exampledir/exampleobject.txt. 
	objectName := "exampledir/exampleobject.txt"

	// Specify the network stream that you want to upload. 
	resp, err := http.Get("https://www.aliyun.com/")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to fetch URL: %v", err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	// Upload the network stream to the exampleobject.txt object. 
	err = bucket.PutObject(objectName, io.Reader(resp.Body))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to put object: %v", err)
	}

	log.Println("File uploaded successfully.")
}

Bir dizin nasıl oluşturulur?

Hiyerarşik yapı kullanan geleneksel dosya sistemlerinin aksine OSS'teki veriler düz bir yapıda nesneler olarak depolanır. OSS'teki tüm veriler paketlerde nesne olarak saklanır. Nesne yönetimini kolaylaştırmak için OSS konsolu, adları eğik çizgi (/) ile biten nesneleri dizin olarak gösterir. Dizinler, dosya sistemlerindeki klasörlere benzer. Dizinleri kullanarak nesneleri hiyerarşik olarak düzenleyebilir, gruplayabilir ve erişim kontrolünü kolaylaştırabilirsiniz.

Aşağıdaki örnek kod, bir dizinin nasıl oluşturulacağını göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create credentials provider: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the signature version.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create OSS client: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. Example: examplebucket. 
	bucketName := "examplebucket"
	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to get bucket '%s': %v", bucketName, err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the directory. The directory name must end with a forward slash (/). 
	dirName := "exampledir/"
	err = bucket.PutObject(dirName, bytes.NewReader([]byte("")))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create directory '%s': %v", dirName, err)
	}

	log.Printf("Directory '%s' created successfully", dirName)
}

Aşağıdaki örnek kod, bir dizinin ve bu dizindeki tüm nesnelerin nasıl silineceğini göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create credentials provider: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider), oss.Region("yourRegion"), oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create OSS client: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. 
	bucketName := "examplebucket"
	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to get bucket '%s': %v", bucketName, err)
	}

	// Specify the full path of the directory that you want to delete. Do not include the bucket name in the full path. 
	prefix := oss.Prefix("log/")
	marker := oss.Marker("")
	count := 0

	for {
		// List all objects whose names contain a specific prefix. 
		lor, err := bucket.ListObjects(marker, prefix)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("Failed to list objects in bucket '%s' with prefix '%s': %v", bucketName, prefix, err)
		}

		objects := []string{}
		for _, object := range lor.Objects {
			objects = append(objects, object.Key)
		}

		if len(objects) == 0 {
			break
		}

		// Delete the directory and all objects in the directory. 
		// Set the oss.DeleteObjectsQuiet parameter to true. The value true indicates that OSS does not return a message after objects are deleted. 
		delRes, err := bucket.DeleteObjects(objects, oss.DeleteObjectsQuiet(true))
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("Failed to delete objects in bucket '%s': %v", bucketName, err)
		}

		if len(delRes.DeletedObjects) > 0 {
			log.Fatalf("Some objects failed to delete: %v", delRes.DeletedObjects)
		}

		count += len(objects)

		// Update the pagination parameters. 
		marker = oss.Marker(lor.NextMarker)
		if !lor.IsTruncated {
			break
		}
	}

	log.Printf("Success, total delete object count: %d", count)
}

İlerleme çubuğu nasıl kullanılır?

İlerleme çubuğunu kullanarak yüklenen bir nesnenin ilerleme durumunu görüntüleyebilirsiniz. Aşağıdaki örnek kod, Bucket.PutObjectFromFile kullanarak bir nesne yüklerken ilerleme çubuğunun nasıl kullanılacağını göstermektedir:

package main

import (
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss"
)

// Specify the progress bar listener. 
type OssProgressListener struct{}

// Specify the function that is used to handle progress change events. 
func (listener *OssProgressListener) ProgressChanged(event *oss.ProgressEvent) {
	switch event.EventType {
	case oss.TransferStartedEvent:
		log.Printf("Transfer Started, ConsumedBytes: %d, TotalBytes: %d.\n", event.ConsumedBytes, event.TotalBytes)
	case oss.TransferDataEvent:
		log.Printf("\rTransfer Data, ConsumedBytes: %d, TotalBytes: %d, %d%%.", event.ConsumedBytes, event.TotalBytes, event.ConsumedBytes*100/event.TotalBytes)
	case oss.TransferCompletedEvent:
		log.Printf("\nTransfer Completed, ConsumedBytes: %d, TotalBytes: %d.\n", event.ConsumedBytes, event.TotalBytes)
	case oss.TransferFailedEvent:
		log.Printf("\nTransfer Failed, ConsumedBytes: %d, TotalBytes: %d.\n", event.ConsumedBytes, event.TotalBytes)
	default:
		log.Printf("Unknown Event Type: %d\n", event.EventType)
	}
}

func main() {
	// Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run the sample code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are configured. 
	provider, err := oss.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error: %v", err)
	}

	// Create an OSSClient instance. 
	// Specify the endpoint of the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. Specify your actual endpoint. 
	// Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if your bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to cn-hangzhou.  
	clientOptions := []oss.ClientOption{oss.SetCredentialsProvider(&provider)}
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.Region("yourRegion"))
	// Specify the signature version.
	clientOptions = append(clientOptions, oss.AuthVersion(oss.AuthV4))
	client, err := oss.New("yourEndpoint", "", "", clientOptions...)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error: %v", err)
	}

	// Specify the name of the bucket. 
	bucketName := "yourBucketName"
	// Specify the full path of the object. Do not include the bucket name in the full path. 
	objectName := "yourObjectName"
	// Specify the full path of the local file. 
	localFile := "yourLocalFile"

	bucket, err := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error: %v", err)
	}

	// Upload the object with the progress bar displayed. 
	err = bucket.PutObjectFromFile(objectName, localFile, oss.Progress(&OssProgressListener{}))
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error: %v", err)
	}

	log.Println("Upload completed successfully!")
}

Kaynakça

Basit yükleme işlemini gerçekleştirmek için kullanılan tam örnek kodu görüntülemek üzere GitHub adresini ziyaret edin.
Basit yükleme işlemini gerçekleştirmek için çağırabileceğiniz API işlemi hakkında daha fazla bilgi için bkz. PutObject.