向量Index - Object Storage Service

向量索引 Index 用於儲存和管理向量Bucket中的向量資料。每個 Index 定義了向量的維度、距離度量方法和中繼資料結構，為向量檢索提供基礎。

建立向量 Index

單個向量 Bucket 中最多可建立 100 張向量索引，若需調大該配額，可以聯絡支援人員申請調整。
建立向量索引的 API （PutVectorIndex）請求頻率限制為最多每秒 5 次。

控制台

在向量Bucket頁面，單擊已建立的向量Bucket。
在索引列表頁面，單擊建立索引表。
配置索引參數：
- 索引表名稱：1~63字元，由英文字母、數字組成，首字母必須為英文字母，在向量 Bucket 內全域唯一。
- 向量資料類型：系統預設float32：浮點型。
- 向量維度：1~4096維，添加到此索引中的所有向量必須具有完全相同的數值個數。
- 距離度量函數：根據業務情境選擇距離計算方式。
  - 歐氏距離：空間中兩點間的直線距離，適用于衡量數值差異。
  - 餘弦距離：衡量兩個向量在方向上的差異，適用於文本、映像等高維語義相似性計算。
- 中繼資料配置：配置非過濾中繼資料欄位，用於儲存不參與搜尋過濾的附加資訊，作為向量資料的描述資訊。非過濾中繼資料配置。有如下輸入限制：
  - 中繼資料個數為 1~10 個
  - 每個中繼資料主鍵名稱的長度 1~63 位元組
單擊確定完成建立。

ossutil

為儲存桶 examplebucket 建立 index 索引：向量維度 512，資料類型float32，距離度量 euclidean。

ossutil vectors-api put-vector-index --bucket examplebucket --index-name index --data-type float32 --dimension 512 --distance-metric euclidean

SDK

Python

import argparse
import alibabacloud_oss_v2 as oss
import alibabacloud_oss_v2.vectors as oss_vectors

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="vector put vector index sample")
parser.add_argument('--region', help='The region in which the bucket is located.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--bucket', help='The name of the bucket.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--endpoint', help='The domain names that other services can use to access OSS')
parser.add_argument('--index_name', help='The name of the vector index.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--account_id', help='The account id.', required=True)

def main():
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Loading credentials values from the environment variables
    credentials_provider = oss.credentials.EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()

    # Using the SDK's default configuration
    cfg = oss.config.load_default()
    cfg.credentials_provider = credentials_provider
    cfg.region = args.region
    cfg.account_id = args.account_id
    if args.endpoint is not None:
        cfg.endpoint = args.endpoint

    vector_client = oss_vectors.Client(cfg)

    result = vector_client.put_vector_index(oss_vectors.models.PutVectorIndexRequest(
        bucket=args.bucket,
        index_name=args.index_name,
        dimension=512,
        data_type='float32',
        distance_metric='euclidean',
        metadata={"nonFilterableMetadataKeys": ["key1", "key2"]}
    ))

    print(f'status code: {result.status_code},'
          f' request id: {result.request_id},'
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Go

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/vectors"
)

var (
	region     string
	bucketName string
	accountId  string
	indexName  string
)

func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the vector bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the vector bucket.")
	flag.StringVar(&accountId, "account-id", "", "The id of vector account.")
	flag.StringVar(&indexName, "index", "", "The name of vector index.")
}

func main() {
	flag.Parse()
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	if len(accountId) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, accounId required")
	}

	if len(indexName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, index required")
	}

	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region).WithAccountId(accountId)

	client := vectors.NewVectorsClient(cfg)

	request := &vectors.PutVectorIndexRequest{
		Bucket:         oss.Ptr(bucketName),
		DataType:       oss.Ptr("float32"),
		Dimension:      oss.Ptr(128),
		DistanceMetric: oss.Ptr("cosine"),
		IndexName:      oss.Ptr(indexName),
		Metadata: map[string]any{
			"nonFilterableMetadataKeys": []string{"foo", "bar"},
		},
	}
	result, err := client.PutVectorIndex(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to put vector index%v", err)
	}
	log.Printf("put vector index result:%#v\n", result)
}

API

調用PutVectorIndex介面以建立向量Index。

擷取向量 Index 資訊

控制台

在向量Bucket頁面，單擊已建立的向量Bucket，在索引列表頁面，可以查看向量 Index 資訊。

ossutil

擷取向量儲存空間examplebucket中向量名字為index的向量索引屬性。

ossutil vectors-api get-vector-index --bucket examplebucket --index-name index

SDK

Python

import argparse
import alibabacloud_oss_v2 as oss
import alibabacloud_oss_v2.vectors as oss_vectors

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="vector get vector index sample")
parser.add_argument('--region', help='The region in which the bucket is located.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--bucket', help='The name of the bucket.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--endpoint', help='The domain names that other services can use to access OSS')
parser.add_argument('--index_name', help='The name of the vector index.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--account_id', help='The account id.', required=True)

def main():
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Loading credentials values from the environment variables
    credentials_provider = oss.credentials.EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()

    # Using the SDK's default configuration
    cfg = oss.config.load_default()
    cfg.credentials_provider = credentials_provider
    cfg.region = args.region
    cfg.account_id = args.account_id
    if args.endpoint is not None:
        cfg.endpoint = args.endpoint

    vector_client = oss_vectors.Client(cfg)

    result = vector_client.get_vector_index(oss_vectors.models.GetVectorIndexRequest(
        bucket=args.bucket,
        index_name=args.index_name,
    ))

    print(f'status code: {result.status_code},'
          f' request id: {result.request_id},'
          )

    if result.index:
        print(f'index name: {result.index}')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Go

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/vectors"
)

var (
	region     string
	bucketName string
	indexName  string
	accountId  string
)

func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the vector bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the vector bucket.")
	flag.StringVar(&indexName, "index", "", "The name of the vector index.")
	flag.StringVar(&accountId, "account-id", "", "The id of vector account.")
}

func main() {
	flag.Parse()
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	if len(indexName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, index required")
	}

	if len(accountId) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, accounId required")
	}

	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region).WithAccountId(accountId)

	client := vectors.NewVectorsClient(cfg)

	request := &vectors.GetVectorIndexRequest{
		Bucket:    oss.Ptr(bucketName),
		IndexName: oss.Ptr(indexName),
	}
	result, err := client.GetVectorIndex(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to get vector index %v", err)
	}
	log.Printf("get vector index result:%#v\n", result)
}

API

調用GetVectorIndex介面以擷取向量Index資訊。

列舉向量 Index 資訊

列舉向量索引的 API （ListVectorIndexes）每次最大返回索引個數 500，可分頁擷取下一批索引列表，並發度上限 16 個。

控制台

在向量Bucket頁面，單擊已建立的向量Bucket，進入索引列表頁面，即列舉出當前向量Bucket下所有索引。

ossutil

列舉名為examplebucket的向量Bucket中所有向量索引。

ossutil vectors-api list-vector-indexes --bucket examplebucket

SDK

Python

import argparse
import alibabacloud_oss_v2 as oss
import alibabacloud_oss_v2.vectors as oss_vectors

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="list vector indexes sample")

parser.add_argument('--region', help='The region in which the bucket is located.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--endpoint', help='The domain names that other services can use to access OSS')
parser.add_argument('--account_id', help='The account id.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--bucket', help='The name of the bucket.', required=True)

def main():

    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Loading credentials values from the environment variables
    credentials_provider = oss.credentials.EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()

    # Using the SDK's default configuration
    cfg = oss.config.load_default()
    cfg.credentials_provider = credentials_provider
    cfg.region = args.region
    cfg.account_id = args.account_id
    if args.endpoint is not None:
        cfg.endpoint = args.endpoint

    client = oss_vectors.Client(cfg)

    # Create the Paginator for the ListVectorIndex operation
    paginator = client.list_vector_indexes_paginator()

    # Iterate through the vector index pages
    for page in paginator.iter_page(oss_vectors.models.ListVectorIndexesRequest(
        bucket=args.bucket
        )
    ):
        for o in page.indexes:
            print(f'Index: {o.get("indexName")}, {o.get("dataType")}, {o.get("dimension")}, {o.get("status")}')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Go

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/vectors"
)

var (
	region     string
	bucketName string
	accountId  string
)

func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the vector bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the vector bucket.")
	flag.StringVar(&accountId, "account-id", "", "The id of vector account.")
}

func main() {
	flag.Parse()
	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket required")
	}

	if len(accountId) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, accounId required")
	}

	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region).WithAccountId(accountId)

	client := vectors.NewVectorsClient(cfg)

	request := &vectors.ListVectorIndexesRequest{
		Bucket: oss.Ptr(bucketName),
	}
	p := client.NewListVectorIndexesPaginator(request)

	var i int
	log.Println("Vector Indexes:")
	for p.HasNext() {
		i++

		page, err := p.NextPage(context.TODO())
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("failed to get page %v, %v", i, err)
		}

		// Log the objects found
		for _, index := range page.Indexes {
			log.Printf("index:%v, %v, %v, %v\n", oss.ToString(index.IndexName), oss.ToTime(index.CreateTime), oss.ToString(index.DataType), oss.ToString(index.Status))
		}
	}
}

API

調用ListVectorIndexes介面以列舉向量Bucket中的所有向量索引。

刪除向量 Index

刪除索引會同時刪除索引中的所有向量資料。刪除操作無法復原，請謹慎操作，確保已備份重要資料。

控制台

在向量Bucket頁面，單擊已建立的向量Bucket，進入索引列表頁面，選擇需要刪除的索引完成刪除操作。

ossutil

刪除向量儲存空間examplebucket中名為index的向量索引。

ossutil vectors-api delete-vector-index --bucket examplebucket --index-name index

SDK

Python

import argparse
import alibabacloud_oss_v2 as oss
import alibabacloud_oss_v2.vectors as oss_vectors

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="vector delete vector index sample")
parser.add_argument('--region', help='The region in which the bucket is located.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--bucket', help='The name of the bucket.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--endpoint', help='The domain names that other services can use to access OSS')
parser.add_argument('--index_name', help='The name of the vector index.', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--account_id', help='The account id.', required=True)

def main():
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Loading credentials values from the environment variables
    credentials_provider = oss.credentials.EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()

    # Using the SDK's default configuration
    cfg = oss.config.load_default()
    cfg.credentials_provider = credentials_provider
    cfg.region = args.region
    cfg.account_id = args.account_id
    if args.endpoint is not None:
        cfg.endpoint = args.endpoint

    vector_client = oss_vectors.Client(cfg)

    result = vector_client.delete_vector_index(oss_vectors.models.DeleteVectorIndexRequest(
        bucket=args.bucket,
        index_name=args.index_name,
    ))

    print(f'status code: {result.status_code},'
          f' request id: {result.request_id},'
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Go

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/vectors"
)

var (
	region     string
	bucketName string
	indexName  string
	accountId  string
)

func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the vector bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the vector bucket.")
	flag.StringVar(&indexName, "index", "", "The name of the vector index.")
	flag.StringVar(&accountId, "account-id", "", "The id of vector account.")
}

func main() {
	flag.Parse()
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	if len(indexName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, index required")
	}

	if len(accountId) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, accountId required")
	}

	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region).WithAccountId(accountId)

	client := vectors.NewVectorsClient(cfg)

	request := &vectors.DeleteVectorIndexRequest{
		Bucket:    oss.Ptr(bucketName),
		IndexName: oss.Ptr(indexName),
	}
	result, err := client.DeleteVectorIndex(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to delete vector index %v", err)
	}

	log.Printf("delete vector index result:%#v\n", result)
}

API

調用DeleteVectorIndex介面以刪除向量索引。