Alibaba Cloud Model Studio：Qwen-Audio 即時語音對話

# pip install websockets pyaudio
import json
import os
import base64
import threading
import time
import pyaudio
import websocket

API_KEY = os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY")
# 以下為華北2（北京）地區的WebSocket URL，調用時請將{WorkspaceId}（含花括弧）替換為真實的業務空間ID，各地區的URL不同。
API_URL = "wss://{WorkspaceId}.cn-beijing.maas.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime?model=qwen-audio-3.0-realtime-plus"

pya = pyaudio.PyAudio()
out_stream = pya.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=24000, output=True)
ws_ref = [None]
resp_done = threading.Event()

def on_open(ws):
    ws_ref[0] = ws
    # 配置 push-to-talk 模式（turn_detection 設為 null）
    ws.send(json.dumps({
        "type": "session.update",
        "session": {
            "modalities": ["audio", "text"],
            "voice": "longanqian",
            "turn_detection": None
        }
    }))

def on_message(ws, message):
    event = json.loads(message)
    event_type = event["type"]
    if event_type == "response.audio.delta":
        out_stream.write(base64.b64decode(event["delta"]))
    elif event_type == "conversation.item.input_audio_transcription.completed":
        print(f"[User] {event['transcript']}")
    elif event_type == "response.audio_transcript.done":
        print(f"[LLM] {event['transcript']}")
    elif event_type == "response.done":
        resp_done.set()
    elif event_type == "error":
        print(f"[Error] {event['error']['message']}")

def on_error(ws, error):
    print(f"Error: {error}")

def record_and_send(ws):
    mic = pya.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=16000, input=True)
    stop = threading.Event()

    def reader():
        while not stop.is_set():
            try:
                data = mic.read(3200, exception_on_overflow=False)
                ws.send(json.dumps({
                    "type": "input_audio_buffer.append",
                    "audio": base64.b64encode(data).decode()
                }))
            except Exception:
                break

    t = threading.Thread(target=reader, daemon=True)
    t.start()
    input()
    stop.set()
    t.join(timeout=1.0)
    mic.close()

headers = ["Authorization: Bearer " + API_KEY]
ws = websocket.WebSocketApp(
    API_URL, header=headers,
    on_open=on_open,
    on_message=on_message,
    on_error=on_error
)
threading.Thread(target=ws.run_forever, daemon=True).start()
time.sleep(2)

try:
    turn = 1
    while True:
        print(f"\n--- 第 {turn} 輪對話 ---")
        cmd = input("按 Enter 開始錄音（輸入 q 退出）...")
        if cmd.strip().lower() in ["q", "quit"]:
            break
        print("錄音中... 再次按 Enter 停止。")
        record_and_send(ws_ref[0])
        resp_done.clear()
        # 提交音頻並觸發推理
        ws_ref[0].send(json.dumps({"type": "input_audio_buffer.commit"}))
        ws_ref[0].send(json.dumps({
            "type": "response.create",
            "response": {"modalities": ["audio", "text"]}
        }))
        print("等待模型回複...")
        resp_done.wait(timeout=30)
        turn += 1
except KeyboardInterrupt:
    pass
finally:
    ws.close()
    out_stream.close()
    pya.terminate()
    print("\n對話結束")

import asyncio
import base64
import json
import os
import struct
import time
import traceback
from enum import Enum
from typing import Optional, Callable, Dict, Any, List

import pyaudio
import websockets

from B64PCMPlayer import B64PCMPlayer


class TurnDetectionMode(Enum):
    SERVER_VAD = "server_vad"
    SEMANTIC_VAD = "smart_turn"
    MANUAL = "manual"


# ============ 工具函數定義 ============

def get_weather(city: str) -> str:
    """查詢城市天氣（生產環境替換為真實 API）。"""
    return json.dumps({"temperature": 18, "condition": "晴", "wind": "微風"})


def get_train_price(src: str, dst: str) -> str:
    """查詢火車票價（生產環境替換為真實 API）。"""
    return json.dumps({"price": 350, "seat": "二等座", "note": "以 12306 為準"})


# ============ Tools Schema ============

tools: List[Dict[str, Any]] = [
    {
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_weather",
            "description": "查詢指定城市的天氣資訊。",
            "parameters": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "city": {"type": "string", "description": "城市名稱，如北京、上海"}
                },
                "required": ["city"]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_train_price",
            "description": "查詢兩個城市之間的火車票價格。",
            "parameters": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "src": {"type": "string", "description": "出發城市"},
                    "dst": {"type": "string", "description": "到達城市"}
                },
                "required": ["src", "dst"]
            }
        }
    }
]

# 函數名 -> 可調用對象
functions: Dict[str, Callable] = {
    "get_weather": get_weather,
    "get_train_price": get_train_price,
}


class FunRealtimeClient:

    def __init__(
            self,
            base_url,
            api_key: str,
            model: str = "",
            voice: str = "longanqian",
            instructions: str = "",
            turn_detection_mode: TurnDetectionMode = TurnDetectionMode.SEMANTIC_VAD,
            tools: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
            functions: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[..., Any]]] = None,
            on_text_delta: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
            on_audio_delta_b64: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
            on_speech_started: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None,
            on_input_transcript: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
            on_output_transcript: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
            extra_event_handlers: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], None]]] = None
    ):
        self.base_url = base_url
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.model = model
        self.voice = voice
        self.instructions = instructions
        self.ws = None
        self.on_text_delta = on_text_delta
        # 回調參數為 base64 編碼的 PCM 音頻
        self.on_audio_delta_b64 = on_audio_delta_b64
        self.on_speech_started = on_speech_started
        self.on_input_transcript = on_input_transcript
        self.on_output_transcript = on_output_transcript
        self.turn_detection_mode = turn_detection_mode
        self.extra_event_handlers = extra_event_handlers or {}

        # Function Calling 配置
        self.tools = tools or []
        self.functions = functions or {}

        # 回複狀態跟蹤（用於打斷處理和回聲抑制）
        self._current_response_id = None
        self._current_item_id = None
        self._is_responding = False
        self._audio_suppressed = False
        self._print_input_transcript = True
        self._output_transcript_buffer = ""

    async def connect(self) -> None:
        """建立 WebSocket 串連並發送會話配置。"""
        url = f"{self.base_url}?model={self.model}"
        headers = {
            "Authorization": f"Bearer {self.api_key}",
            "x-dashscope-dataInspection": "disable",
        }
        self.ws = await websockets.connect(url, additional_headers=headers)

        session_config = {
            "modalities": ["text", "audio"],
            "voice": self.voice,
            "instructions": self.instructions,
            "input_audio_format": "pcm",
            "output_audio_format": "pcm",
            "turn_detection": {},
            "tools": self.tools,
            "max_history_turns": 50
        }

        if self.turn_detection_mode == TurnDetectionMode.MANUAL:
            session_config['turn_detection'] = None
            await self.update_session(session_config)
        elif self.turn_detection_mode == TurnDetectionMode.SERVER_VAD:
            session_config['turn_detection'] = {
                "type": "server_vad",
                "threshold": 0.1,
                "silence_duration_ms": 900
            }
            await self.update_session(session_config)
        elif self.turn_detection_mode == TurnDetectionMode.SEMANTIC_VAD:
            session_config['turn_detection'] = {
                "type": "smart_turn"
            }
            await self.update_session(session_config)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid turn detection mode: {self.turn_detection_mode}")

    async def send_event(self, event) -> None:
        event['event_id'] = "event_" + str(int(time.time() * 1000))
        await self.ws.send(json.dumps(event))

    async def update_session(self, config: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """更新會話配置。"""
        event = {
            "type": "session.update",
            "session": config
        }
        await self.send_event(event)

    async def stream_audio(self, audio_chunk: bytes) -> None:
        """向 API 流式發送原始音頻資料。"""
        # 僅支援 16bit 16kHz 單聲道 PCM
        audio_b64 = base64.b64encode(audio_chunk).decode()
        await self.send_event({
            "type": "input_audio_buffer.append",
            "audio": audio_b64
        })

    async def commit_audio_buffer(self) -> None:
        """提交音頻緩衝區以觸發處理。"""
        await self.send_event({"type": "input_audio_buffer.commit"})

    async def create_response(self) -> None:
        """請求產生回複（手動模式或 Function Call 結果回傳後調用）。"""
        await self.send_event({"type": "response.create"})

    async def cancel_response(self) -> None:
        """取消當前回複。"""
        await self.send_event({"type": "response.cancel"})

    async def handle_interruption(self):
        """處理使用者對當前回複的打斷。"""
        if not self._is_responding:
            return
        self._audio_suppressed = True
        if self._current_response_id:
            await self.cancel_response()
        self._is_responding = False
        self._current_response_id = None
        self._current_item_id = None

    @staticmethod
    def _format_event_for_log(event: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
        """格式化事件用於日誌輸出，對音頻資料脫敏。"""
        event_type = event.get("type")
        if event_type == "response.audio.delta":
            delta = event.get("delta", "")
            redacted = dict(event)
            redacted["delta"] = f"<audio b64 omitted, length={len(delta)}>"
            return json.dumps(redacted, ensure_ascii=False)
        return json.dumps(event, ensure_ascii=False)

    async def _handle_function_call(self, event: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """處理 Function Call：解析參數、執行函數、回傳結果、觸發二輪推理。"""
        call_id = event.get("call_id")
        name = event.get("name")
        arguments_str = event.get("arguments", "{}")

        print(f"[FunctionCall] 調用: {name}, call_id: {call_id}, args: {arguments_str}")

        try:
            arguments = json.loads(arguments_str) if arguments_str else {}
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            arguments = {}

        func = self.functions.get(name)
        if func is None:
            output = json.dumps({"error": f"未註冊的函數: {name}"})
        else:
            try:
                if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(func):
                    result = await func(**arguments)
                else:
                    result = func(**arguments)
                output = str(result) if result is not None else ""
            except Exception as e:
                output = json.dumps({"error": str(e)})
                traceback.print_exc()

        # 回傳 function_call_output
        await self.send_event({
            "type": "conversation.item.create",
            "item": {
                "type": "function_call_output",
                "call_id": call_id,
                "output": output,
            }
        })

        # 觸發二輪推理
        await self.create_response()

    async def handle_messages(self) -> None:
        try:
            async for message in self.ws:
                event = json.loads(message)
                event_type = event.get("type")

                print(self._format_event_for_log(event))

                if event_type == "error":
                    continue
                elif event_type == "response.created":
                    self._current_response_id = event.get("response", {}).get("id")
                    self._is_responding = True
                    self._audio_suppressed = False
                elif event_type == "response.output_item.added":
                    self._current_item_id = event.get("item", {}).get("id")
                elif event_type == "response.done":
                    self._is_responding = False
                    self._current_response_id = None
                    self._current_item_id = None
                elif event_type == "input_audio_buffer.speech_started":
                    print("----------------Speech Started----------------")
                    if self.on_speech_started:
                        self.on_speech_started()
                    if self._is_responding:
                        await self.handle_interruption()
                elif event_type == "response.audio.delta":
                    if self._audio_suppressed:
                        continue
                    if self.on_audio_delta_b64:
                        self.on_audio_delta_b64(event["delta"])
                elif event_type == "response.function_call_arguments.done":
                    await self._handle_function_call(event)
                elif event_type in self.extra_event_handlers:
                    self.extra_event_handlers[event_type](event)
                elif event_type == "input_audio_buffer.speech_stopped":
                    print("----------------Speech Stopped----------------")
        except websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed:
            print(" Connection closed")
        except Exception as e:
            print(" Error in message handling: ", str(e))
            traceback.print_exc()

    async def close(self) -> None:
        """關閉 WebSocket 串連。"""
        if self.ws:
            await self.ws.close()


def _audio_energy(audio_data: bytes) -> float:
    count = len(audio_data) // 2
    if count == 0:
        return 0.0
    samples = struct.unpack(f'<{count}h', audio_data)
    return sum(abs(s) for s in samples) / count


async def record_and_send(client, player, echo_suppression=True):
    p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
    stream = p.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=16000, input=True)
    print("開始錄音，請講話...")
    if echo_suppression:
        print("提示：回聲抑制已開啟（AI 說話期間麥克風靜音，不支援打斷）。如使用耳機請設定 echo_suppression=False 以啟用打斷。")
    else:
        print("提示：耳機模式，支援語音打斷。")
    playback_end_time = 0.0
    NOISE_GATE_THRESHOLD = 500
    try:
        while True:
            audio_data = await asyncio.to_thread(stream.read, 3200, False)
            if echo_suppression:
                is_active = client._is_responding or player.is_playing()
                if is_active:
                    playback_end_time = time.time()
                    await asyncio.sleep(0.02)
                    continue
                if time.time() - playback_end_time < 0.5:
                    await asyncio.sleep(0.02)
                    continue
            else:
                if client._is_responding or player.is_playing():
                    if _audio_energy(audio_data) < NOISE_GATE_THRESHOLD:
                        await asyncio.sleep(0.02)
                        continue
            await client.stream_audio(audio_data)
            await asyncio.sleep(0.02)
    finally:
        stream.stop_stream(); stream.close(); p.terminate()


async def main():
    pya = pyaudio.PyAudio()
    # 輸出採樣率 24kHz，匹配服務端音頻格式
    player = B64PCMPlayer(pya, sample_rate=24000)

    client = FunRealtimeClient(
        # 以下為華北2（北京）地區的WebSocket URL，調用時請將{WorkspaceId}（含花括弧）替換為真實的業務空間ID，各地區的URL不同。
        base_url="wss://{WorkspaceId}.cn-beijing.maas.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime",
        api_key=os.environ['DASHSCOPE_API_KEY'],
        model="qwen-audio-3.0-realtime-plus",
        voice="longanqian",
        turn_detection_mode=TurnDetectionMode.SERVER_VAD,
        tools=tools,
        functions=functions,
        on_audio_delta_b64=player.add_data,
        # 語音打斷時清空播放緩衝
        on_speech_started=player.cancel_playing,
    )

    await client.connect()
    print("串連成功，開始即時對話（已啟用 Function Calling）...")

    try:
        await asyncio.gather(client.handle_messages(), record_and_send(client, player, echo_suppression=False))
    finally:
        await client.close()
        player.shutdown()
        pya.terminate()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        asyncio.run(main())
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("\n程式已退出。")