本文通過樣本為您介紹,如何快速將資料隨機寫入ClickHouse叢集各個節點的本地表。
前提條件
已建立ClickHouse叢集,詳情請參見建立ClickHouse叢集。
操作步驟
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使用SSH方式登入ClickHouse叢集,詳情請參見登入叢集。
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執行以下命令,下載官方範例資料集。
curl https://datasets.clickhouse.com/hits/tsv/hits_v1.tsv.xz | unxz --threads=`nproc` > hits_v1.tsv -
執行如下命令,啟動ClickHouse用戶端。
clickhouse-client -h core-1-1 -m說明本樣本登入core-1-1節點,如果您有多個Core節點,可以登入任意一個節點。
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執行如下命令,建立資料庫。
可以使用on CLUSTER參數在叢集的所有節點建立資料庫,預設叢集標識為cluster_emr。
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS demo on CLUSTER cluster_emr;返回資訊如下所示。
core-1-1.c-2ecd13e05xxx cn-hangzhou.emr.aliyuncs.com :) CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS demo on CLUSTER cluster_emr; CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS demo ON CLUSTER cluster_emr Query id: ecf856dc-3490-498a-8368-386f38dcxxx ┌─host──────────────────────────────────────────────────┬─port─┬─status─┬─error─┬─num_hosts_remaining─┬─num_hosts_active─┐ │ core-1-1.c-2ecd13e05xxx.cn-hangzhou.emr.aliyuncs.com │ 9000 │ 0 │ │ 0 │ 0 │ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴──────┴────────┴───────┴─────────────────────┴──────────────────┘ 1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.123 sec.core-1-1.c-2ecd13e05xxx cn-hangzhou.emr.aliyuncs.com :) CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS demo on CLUSTER cluster_emr; CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS demo ON CLUSTER cluster_emr Query id: ecf856dc-3490-498a-8368-386f38dcxxx ┌─host──────────────────────────────────────────────────┬─port─┬─status─┬─error─┬─num_hosts_remaining─┬─num_hosts_active─┐ │ core-1-1.c-2ecd13e05xxx.cn-hangzhou.emr.aliyuncs.com │ 9000 │ 0 │ │ 0 │ 0 │ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴──────┴────────┴───────┴─────────────────────┴──────────────────┘ 1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.123 sec.
在叢集上的所有節點建立一張複製表(Replicated表)。
複製表(Replicated表)會根據副本的個數,實現資料的多副本,並實現資料的最終一致性。
CREATE TABLE demo.hits_local ON CLUSTER cluster_emr
(
`WatchID` UInt64,
`JavaEnable` UInt8,
`Title` String,
`GoodEvent` Int16,
`EventTime` DateTime,
`EventDate` Date,
`CounterID` UInt32,
`ClientIP` UInt32,
`ClientIP6` FixedString(16),
`RegionID` UInt32,
`UserID` UInt64,
`CounterClass` Int8,
`OS` UInt8,
`UserAgent` UInt8,
`URL` String,
`Referer` String,
`URLDomain` String,
`RefererDomain` String,
`Refresh` UInt8,
`IsRobot` UInt8,
`RefererCategories` Array(UInt16),
`URLCategories` Array(UInt16),
`URLRegions` Array(UInt32),
`RefererRegions` Array(UInt32),
`ResolutionWidth` UInt16,
`ResolutionHeight` UInt16,
`ResolutionDepth` UInt8,
`FlashMajor` UInt8,
`FlashMinor` UInt8,
`FlashMinor2` String,
`NetMajor` UInt8,
`NetMinor` UInt8,
`UserAgentMajor` UInt16,
`UserAgentMinor` FixedString(2),
`CookieEnable` UInt8,
`JavascriptEnable` UInt8,
`IsMobile` UInt8,
`MobilePhone` UInt8,
`MobilePhoneModel` String,
`Params` String,
`IPNetworkID` UInt32,
`TraficSourceID` Int8,
`SearchEngineID` UInt16,
`SearchPhrase` String,
`AdvEngineID` UInt8,
`IsArtifical` UInt8,
`WindowClientWidth` UInt16,
`WindowClientHeight` UInt16,
`ClientTimeZone` Int16,
`ClientEventTime` DateTime,
`SilverlightVersion1` UInt8,
`SilverlightVersion2` UInt8,
`SilverlightVersion3` UInt32,
`SilverlightVersion4` UInt16,
`PageCharset` String,
`CodeVersion` UInt32,
`IsLink` UInt8,
`IsDownload` UInt8,
`IsNotBounce` UInt8,
`FUniqID` UInt64,
`HID` UInt32,
`IsOldCounter` UInt8,
`IsEvent` UInt8,
`IsParameter` UInt8,
`DontCountHits` UInt8,
`WithHash` UInt8,
`HitColor` FixedString(1),
`UTCEventTime` DateTime,
`Age` UInt8,
`Sex` UInt8,
`Income` UInt8,
`Interests` UInt16,
`Robotness` UInt8,
`GeneralInterests` Array(UInt16),
`RemoteIP` UInt32,
`RemoteIP6` FixedString(16),
`WindowName` Int32,
`OpenerName` Int32,
`HistoryLength` Int16,
`BrowserLanguage` FixedString(2),
`BrowserCountry` FixedString(2),
`SocialNetwork` String,
`SocialAction` String,
`HTTPError` UInt16,
`SendTiming` Int32,
`DNSTiming` Int32,
`ConnectTiming` Int32,
`ResponseStartTiming` Int32,
`ResponseEndTiming` Int32,
`FetchTiming` Int32,
`RedirectTiming` Int32,
`DOMInteractiveTiming` Int32,
`DOMContentLoadedTiming` Int32,
`DOMCompleteTiming` Int32,
`LoadEventStartTiming` Int32,
`LoadEventEndTiming` Int32,
`NSToDOMContentLoadedTiming` Int32,
`FirstPaintTiming` Int32,
`RedirectCount` Int8,
`SocialSourceNetworkID` UInt8,
`SocialSourcePage` String,
`ParamPrice` Int64,
`ParamOrderID` String,
`ParamCurrency` FixedString(3),
`ParamCurrencyID` UInt16,
`GoalsReached` Array(UInt32),
`OpenstatServiceName` String,
`OpenstatCampaignID` String,
`OpenstatAdID` String,
`OpenstatSourceID` String,
`UTMSource` String,
`UTMMedium` String,
`UTMCampaign` String,
`UTMContent` String,
`UTMTerm` String,
`FromTag` String,
`HasGCLID` UInt8,
`RefererHash` UInt64,
`URLHash` UInt64,
`CLID` UInt32,
`YCLID` UInt64,
`ShareService` String,
`ShareURL` String,
`ShareTitle` String,
`ParsedParams` Nested(Key1 String,Key2 String,Key3 String,Key4 String,Key5 String,ValueDouble Float64),
`IslandID` FixedString(16),
`RequestNum` UInt32,
`RequestTry` UInt8
)
ENGINE = ReplicatedMergeTree('/clickhouse/tables/{shard}/{database}/hits_local', '{replica}')
PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(EventDate)
ORDER BY (CounterID, EventDate, intHash32(UserID))
SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID);
{shard}和{replica}是阿里雲EMR為ClickHouse叢集自動產生的宏定義,可以直接使用。
執行以下命令,建立分布式(Distributed)表。
分布式表不儲存資料,僅僅是底層表的一個View,但可以在多個伺服器上進行分散式查詢。本例中使用隨機函數rand(),表示資料會隨機寫入各個節點的本地表。
CREATE TABLE demo.hits_all on CLUSTER cluster_emr AS demo.hits_local
ENGINE = Distributed(cluster_emr, demo, hits_local, rand());
退出ClickHouse用戶端,在範例資料的目錄下執行以下命令,匯入資料。
clickhouse-client -h core-1-1 --query "INSERT INTO demo.hits_all FORMAT TSV" --max_insert_block_size=100000 < hits_v1.tsv;重新啟動ClickHouse用戶端,查看資料。
因為資料是隨機寫入的,各節點資料量可能不同。
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查看core-1-1節點demo.hits_all的資料量。
select count(*) from demo.hits_all; -
查看core-1-1節點demo.hits_local的資料量。
select count(*) from demo.hits_local; -
查看core-1-2節點demo.hits_local的資料量。
說明其餘節點,您也可以按照以下步驟來查看demo.hits_local的資料量。節點名稱您可以在EMR控制台的节点管理頁面查看。
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執行以下命令,登入ClickHouse用戶端。
clickhouse-client -h core-1-2 -m -
在ClickHouse用戶端,執行以下命令,查看demo.hits_local的資料量。
select count(*) from demo.hits_local;
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