Nem todos os dados enviados ao OSS exigem acesso frequente. Para fins de conformidade ou arquivamento, alguns dados precisam ser armazenados em uma classe de armazenamento frio. Em outros cenários, talvez seja necessário excluir em lote dados desnecessários em um bucket. Configure regras de ciclo de vida com base na última modificação para transicionar objetos periodicamente para classes de armazenamento mais frias ou excluí-los e reduzir os custos de armazenamento.
Observações
Antes de configurar regras de ciclo de vida baseadas na última modificação dos objetos, familiarize-se com esse recurso. Para obter mais informações, consulte Regras de ciclo de vida baseadas na última modificação.
Este tópico utiliza o endpoint público da região China (Hangzhou). Caso precise acessar o OSS a partir de outros serviços da Alibaba Cloud na mesma região, use um endpoint interno. Para mais detalhes sobre regiões e endpoints do OSS, consulte Regiões e endpoints.
Este tópico demonstra a criação de uma instância OSSClient com um endpoint do OSS. Para configurações alternativas, como uso de domínio personalizado ou autenticação com credenciais do Security Token Service (STS), consulte Criar uma instância OssClient.
A configuração de regras de ciclo de vida exige a permissão
oss:PutBucketLifecycle. A consulta exige a permissãooss:GetBucketLifecycle. A limpeza das regras exige a permissãooss:DeleteBucketLifecycle. Para saber mais, consulte Conceder uma política personalizada.
Defina regras de ciclo de vida
O código abaixo exemplifica como definir regras de ciclo de vida para o bucket examplebucket com base na última modificação. Se precisar modificar uma ou mais regras após a definição, consulte Como modifico uma ou mais regras de ciclo de vida?
#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;
int main(void)
{
/* Initialize the OSS account information. */
/* Set yourEndpoint to the Endpoint of the region where the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the Endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
/* Set yourRegion to the region where the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the Region to cn-hangzhou. */
std::string Region = "yourRegion";
/* Specify the bucket name. For example, examplebucket. */
std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";
/* Initialize network resources. */
InitializeSdk();
ClientConfiguration conf;
conf.signatureVersion = SignatureVersionType::V4;
/* Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run this code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are set. */
auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);
client.SetRegion(Region);
SetBucketLifecycleRequest request(BucketName);
std::string date("2022-10-12T00:00:00.000Z");
/* Set tags. */
Tagging tagging;
tagging.addTag(Tag("key1", "value1"));
tagging.addTag(Tag("key2", "value2"));
/* Specify a lifecycle rule. */
auto rule1 = LifecycleRule();
rule1.setID("rule1");
rule1.setPrefix("test1/");
rule1.setStatus(RuleStatus::Enabled);
rule1.setExpiration(3);
rule1.setTags(tagging.Tags());
/* Specify the expiration time. */
auto rule2 = LifecycleRule();
rule2.setID("rule2");
rule2.setPrefix("test2/");
rule2.setStatus(RuleStatus::Disabled);
rule2.setExpiration(date);
/* rule3 is a lifecycle rule for a bucket with versioning enabled. */
auto rule3 = LifecycleRule();
rule3.setID("rule3");
rule3.setPrefix("test3/");
rule3.setStatus(RuleStatus::Disabled);
/* Transition objects to the Archive storage class 365 days after they are last modified. */
auto transition = LifeCycleTransition();
transition.Expiration().setDays(365);
transition.setStorageClass(StorageClass::Archive);
rule3.addTransition(transition);
/* Automatically remove expired delete markers. */
rule3.setExpiredObjectDeleteMarker(true);
/* Transition noncurrent versions of objects to the Infrequent Access storage class 10 days after they become noncurrent. */
auto transition1 = LifeCycleTransition();
transition1.Expiration().setDays(10);
transition1.setStorageClass(StorageClass::IA);
/* Transition noncurrent versions of objects to the Archive storage class 20 days after they become noncurrent. */
auto transition2 = LifeCycleTransition();
transition2.Expiration().setDays(20);
transition2.setStorageClass(StorageClass::Archive);
/* Delete objects 30 days after they become noncurrent versions. */
auto expiration = LifeCycleExpiration(30);
rule3.setNoncurrentVersionExpiration(expiration);
LifeCycleTransitionList noncurrentVersionStorageTransitions{transition1, transition2};
rule3.setNoncurrentVersionTransitionList(noncurrentVersionStorageTransitions);
/* Set the lifecycle rules. */
LifecycleRuleList list{rule1, rule2, rule3};
request.setLifecycleRules(list);
auto outcome = client.SetBucketLifecycle(request);
if (!outcome.isSuccess()) {
/* Handle exceptions. */
std::cout << "SetBucketLifecycle fail" <<
",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
return -1;
}
/* Release network resources. */
ShutdownSdk();
return 0;
}Visualize regras de ciclo de vida
O exemplo a seguir mostra como consultar as regras de ciclo de vida configuradas no bucket chamado examplebucket:
#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;
std::string ToStorageClassName(const StorageClass& storageClass) {
switch (storageClass) {
case StorageClass::Standard:
return "Standard";
case StorageClass::IA:
return "IA";
case StorageClass::Archive:
return "Archive";
case StorageClass::ColdArchive:
return "ColdArchive";
default:
return "Unknown";
}
}
int main(void)
{
/* Initialize the OSS account information. */
/* Set yourEndpoint to the Endpoint of the region where the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the Endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
/* Set yourRegion to the region where the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the Region to cn-hangzhou. */
std::string Region = "yourRegion";
/* Specify the bucket name. For example, examplebucket. */
std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";
/* Initialize network resources. */
InitializeSdk();
ClientConfiguration conf;
conf.signatureVersion = SignatureVersionType::V4;
/* Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run this code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are set. */
auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);
client.SetRegion(Region);
/* View the lifecycle rules. */
auto outcome = client.GetBucketLifecycle(BucketName);
if (outcome.isSuccess()) {
std::cout << "GetBucketLifecycle success," << std::endl;
for (auto const rule : outcome.result().LifecycleRules()) {
std::cout << "rule:" << rule.ID() << "," << rule.Prefix() << "," << rule.Status() << ","
"hasExpiration:" << rule.hasExpiration() << "," <<
"hasTransitionList:" << rule.hasTransitionList() << "," << std::endl;
auto taglist = rule.Tags();
for (const auto& tag : taglist)
{
std::cout << "GetBucketLifecycle tag success, Key:"
<< tag.Key() << "; Value:" << tag.Value() << std::endl;
}
/* Check whether to automatically remove expired delete markers. */
if (rule.ExpiredObjectDeleteMarker()) {
std::cout << "rule expired delete marker: " << rule.ExpiredObjectDeleteMarker() << std::endl;
}
/* View the storage class transition rules for noncurrent versions of objects. */
if (rule.hasNoncurrentVersionTransitionList()) {
for (auto const lifeCycleTransition : rule.NoncurrentVersionTransitionList()) {
std::cout << "rule noncurrent versions trans days:" << std::to_string(lifeCycleTransition.Expiration().Days()) <<
" trans storage class: " << ToStorageClassName(lifeCycleTransition.StorageClass()) << std::endl;
}
}
/* View the expiration rules for noncurrent versions of objects. */
if (rule.hasNoncurrentVersionExpiration()) {
std::cout << "rule noncurrent versions expiration days:" << rule.NoncurrentVersionExpiration().Days() << std::endl;
}
}
}
else {
/* Handle exceptions. */
std::cout << "GetBucketLifecycle fail" <<
",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
return -1;
}
/* Release network resources. */
ShutdownSdk();
return 0;
}
Limpar regras de ciclo de vida
O código a seguir ilustra como limpar as regras de ciclo de vida em um bucket chamado examplebucket. Para excluir apenas regras específicas, consulte Excluir regras de ciclo de vida.
#include <alibabacloud/oss/OssClient.h>
using namespace AlibabaCloud::OSS;
int main(void)
{
/* Initialize the OSS account information. */
/* Set yourEndpoint to the Endpoint of the region where the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the Endpoint to https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com. */
std::string Endpoint = "yourEndpoint";
/* Set yourRegion to the region where the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the Region to cn-hangzhou. */
std::string Region = "yourRegion";
/* Specify the bucket name. For example, examplebucket. */
std::string BucketName = "examplebucket";
/* Initialize network resources. */
InitializeSdk();
ClientConfiguration conf;
conf.signatureVersion = SignatureVersionType::V4;
/* Obtain access credentials from environment variables. Before you run this code, make sure that the OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET environment variables are set. */
auto credentialsProvider = std::make_shared<EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider>();
OssClient client(Endpoint, credentialsProvider, conf);
client.SetRegion(Region);
/* Clear the lifecycle rules. */
DeleteBucketLifecycleRequest request(BucketName);
auto outcome = client.DeleteBucketLifecycle(request);
if (!outcome.isSuccess()) {
/* Handle exceptions. */
std::cout << "DeleteBucketLifecycle fail" <<
",code:" << outcome.error().Code() <<
",message:" << outcome.error().Message() <<
",requestId:" << outcome.error().RequestId() << std::endl;
return -1;
}
/* Release network resources. */
ShutdownSdk();
return 0;
}Referências
Para acessar o código de exemplo completo sobre regras de ciclo de vida, consulte o exemplo no GitHub.
Para obter mais informações sobre a operação de API usada para definir regras de ciclo de vida, consulte PutBucketLifecycle.
Para obter mais informações sobre a operação de API usada para visualizar regras de ciclo de vida, consulte GetBucketLifecycle.
Para obter mais informações sobre a operação de API usada para excluir todas as regras de ciclo de vida, consulte DeleteBucketLifecycle.