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    MaxCompute:UDFs geoespaciais

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    MaxCompute:UDFs geoespaciais

    Última atualização: Jun 26, 2026

    Este tópico descreve como usar funções definidas pelo usuário (UDFs) geoespaciais de código aberto para analisar dados espaciais.

    Pré-requisitos

    Certifique-se de que os seguintes requisitos sejam atendidos:

    • Git instalado.

    • Maven instalado e variáveis de ambiente configuradas.

    • Cliente MaxCompute instalado.

      Para obter mais informações sobre como instalar o cliente MaxCompute, consulte Instalar e configurar o cliente MaxCompute.

    Informações gerais

    O Apache Hive fornece um conjunto de UDFs geoespaciais de código aberto. Para mais detalhes, visite o GitHub. O MaxCompute permite usar diretamente as UDFs do Hive, incluindo as geoespaciais.

    Para saber mais sobre como utilizar UDFs do Hive no MaxCompute, consulte Desenvolver uma UDF em Java.

    Nota

    Caso encontre algum problema ao usar as UDFs, abra uma issue no GitHub para obter suporte.

    Etapa 1: Preparar uma UDF local

    Use um dos métodos a seguir para preparar uma UDF local:

    • Baixe o código-fonte e compile-o em um pacote JAR.

      1. Obtenha a URL de download do código das UDFs geoespaciais.

      2. Abra a ferramenta de linha de comando do Git e baixe o pacote de código da UDF geoespacial para Hive 2.1.0 na máquina local. A versão Hive 2.1.0 corresponde ao Hadoop 2.7.2. Exemplos de comandos:

        • git clone https://github.com/Esri/spatial-framework-for-hadoop.git
        • git clone -b "v2.1.0" --single-branch git@github.com:Esri/spatial-framework-for-hadoop.git

      3. Use o Maven para criar um projeto.

        Exemplos de comandos:

        cd spatial-framework-for-hadoop
mvn clean package -DskipTests -P java-8,hadoop-2.7,hive-2.1

      4. Copie o pacote JAR gerado. Esse arquivo contém todos os métodos das UDFs geoespaciais de código aberto.

        Exemplo de comando:

        cp hive/target/spatial-sdk-hive-2.1.1-SNAPSHOT.jar ../spatial-sdk-hive.jar

      5. Baixe o pacote JAR de dependência do projeto.

        Exemplos de comandos:

        • wget 'https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esri/geometry/esri-geometry-api/2.2.0/esri-geometry-api-2.2.0.jar' -O esri-geometry-api.jar
        • cp ~/.m2/repository/com/esri/geometry/esri-geometry-api/2.2.0/esri-geometry-api-2.2.0.jar ../esri-geometry-api.jar

    • Baixe os pacotes JAR compilados.

      1. Baixe o pacote Spatial JAR e renomeie-o para spatial-sdk-hive.jar.

      2. Baixe o pacote Esri Geometry JAR e renomeie-o para esri-geometry-api.jar.

      Nota

      Se o download dos pacotes falhar, acesse diretamente o repositório GitHub correspondente.

    Etapa 2: Registrar UDFs no MaxCompute

    1. Execute os comandos a seguir no cliente MaxCompute (odpscmd) para carregar os dois pacotes JAR no projeto como recursos:

      Para mais informações sobre como adicionar recursos, consulte Adicionar recursos.

      ADD jar esri-geometry-api.jar;
ADD jar spatial-sdk-hive.jar;

    2. Execute os comandos a seguir para registrar as UDFs:

      CREATE FUNCTION ST_Aggr_ConvexHull  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Aggr_ConvexHull' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Aggr_Intersection    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Aggr_Intersection'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Aggr_Union   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Aggr_Union'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Area AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Area'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsBinary AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsBinary'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsGeoJson    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsGeoJson'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsJson   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsJson'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsShape  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsShape' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsText   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsText'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Bin  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Bin' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_BinEnvelope  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_BinEnvelope' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Boundary AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Boundary'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Buffer   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Buffer'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Centroid AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Centroid'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Contains AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Contains'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_ConvexHull   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_ConvexHull'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_CoordDim AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_CoordDim'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Crosses  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Crosses' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Difference   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Difference'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Dimension    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Dimension'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Disjoint AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Disjoint'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Distance AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Distance'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_EndPoint AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_EndPoint'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Envelope AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Envelope'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_EnvIntersects    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_EnvIntersects'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Equals   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Equals'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_ExteriorRing AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_ExteriorRing'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeodesicLengthWGS84  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeodesicLengthWGS84' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomCollection   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomCollection'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Geometry AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Geometry'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeometryN    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeometryN'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeometryType AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeometryType'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromGeoJson  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromGeoJson' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromJson AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromJson'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromShape    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromShape'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromText AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromText'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromWKB  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromWKB' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_InteriorRingN    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_InteriorRingN'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Intersection AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Intersection'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Intersects   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Intersects'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Is3D AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Is3D'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsClosed AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsClosed'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsEmpty  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsEmpty' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsMeasured   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsMeasured'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsRing   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsRing'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsSimple AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsSimple'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Length   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Length'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_LineFromWKB  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_LineFromWKB' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_LineString   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_LineString'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_M    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_M'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxM AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxM'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxX AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxX'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxY AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxY'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxZ AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxZ'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinM AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinM'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinX AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinX'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinY AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinY'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinZ AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinZ'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MLineFromWKB AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MLineFromWKB'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MPointFromWKB    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MPointFromWKB'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MPolyFromWKB AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MPolyFromWKB'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MultiLineString  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MultiLineString' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MultiPoint   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MultiPoint'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MultiPolygon AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MultiPolygon'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_NumGeometries    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_NumGeometries'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_NumInteriorRing  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_NumInteriorRing' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_NumPoints    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_NumPoints'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Overlaps AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Overlaps'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Point    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Point'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PointFromWKB AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PointFromWKB'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PointN   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PointN'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PointZ   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PointZ'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PolyFromWKB  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PolyFromWKB' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Polygon  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Polygon' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Relate   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Relate'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_SetSRID  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_SetSRID' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_SRID AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_SRID'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_StartPoint   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_StartPoint'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_SymmetricDiff    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_SymmetricDiff'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Touches  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Touches' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Union    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Union'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Within   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Within'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_X    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_X'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Y    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Y'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Z    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Z'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';

    Etapa 3: Testar uma UDF

    Envie uma instrução SQL no cliente MaxCompute para verificar se a UDF funciona corretamente. Exemplos de comandos:

    --Enable Hive compatibility and submit the test UDF.
SET odps.sql.hive.compatible=true;
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_Point(1, 2));

    O resultado a seguir indica que a UDF foi registrada com sucesso no MaxCompute.

    +-----+
| _c0 |
+-----+
| POINT (1 2) |
+-----+

    Para obter mais detalhes sobre o uso de UDFs de código aberto, consulte a documentação da UDF.