Alibaba Cloud CLI:Migrate ECS instances across regions by using Alibaba Cloud CLI

#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
# Source instance ID
SRC_INSTANCE_ID="i-bp1g6zv0ce8oghu7****"
# Source instance region ID
SRC_REGION_ID="cn-hangzhou"
# Destination region ID
DST_REGION_ID="cn-beijing"
# Destination instance zone ID
DST_ZONE_ID="cn-beijing-h"
# Source instance type
SRC_INSTANCE_TYPE="ecs.e-c1m1.large"
# Source instance system disk category
SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_CATEGORY="cloud_auto"
# Source instance system disk size
SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_SIZE=40
 
# Output log
function log {
  local level="$1"
  local message="$2"
  echo "$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') [$level] $message"
}
 
# Wrap Alibaba Cloud CLI
function invoke_aliyun_command() {
  local service="$1"
  local action="$2"
  shift 2
  local -a params=("$@")
  response=$(aliyun "$service" "$action" "${params[@]}")
  exit_code=$?
  if [ $exit_code -eq 0 ]; then return 0; fi
  log "ERROR" "Failed to invoke aliyun command: aliyun $service $action ${params[*]}"
  exit 1
}
 
# Wait for resource to be available
function wait_resource_available() {
  local service="$1"
  local action="$2"
  local region_id="$3"
  local resource_type="$4"
  local resource_id="$5"
 
  local -a params=(
    "--region" "$region_id"
    "--RegionId" "$region_id"
    "--${resource_type}Id" "$resource_id"
  )
 
  if [ "$resource_type" == "Image" ]; then
    params+=("--Status" "Creating,Waiting,Available")
  fi
 
  local current_status
  local current_progress
 
  local timeout=1200
  local interval=20
  local end_time=$(( $(date +%s) + timeout ))
 
  while (( $(date +%s) < end_time )); do
    invoke_aliyun_command "$service" "$action" "${params[@]}"
    current_status=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.. | .Status? // empty' | head -n1)
    current_progress=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.. | .Progress? // empty' | head -n1)
 
    log "INFO" "${resource_type} status: $current_status"
    if [[ -n "$current_progress" ]]; then
        log "INFO" "Creation progress: $current_progress"
    fi
    if [[ "$current_status" == "Available" ]]; then return 0; fi
    sleep "$interval"
  done
}
 
# Create image
log "INFO" "Creating source image from instance '$SRC_INSTANCE_ID'"
src_img_params=(
  "--region" "$SRC_REGION_ID"
  "--RegionId" "$SRC_REGION_ID"
  "--InstanceId" "$SRC_INSTANCE_ID"
  "--ImageName" "cli-src-img"
)
invoke_aliyun_command ecs CreateImage "${src_img_params[@]}"
src_img_id=$(echo "$response" | jq -r .ImageId)
wait_resource_available ecs DescribeImages "$SRC_REGION_ID" "Image" "$src_img_id"
log "INFO" "Source image created: '$src_img_id'"
 
# Copy image to destination region
log "INFO" "Copying image to region: '$DST_REGION_ID'"
dst_img_params=(
  "--region" "$SRC_REGION_ID"
  "--RegionId" "$SRC_REGION_ID"
  "--DestinationRegionId" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--ImageId" "$src_img_id"
  "--DestinationImageName" "cli-dst-img"
)
invoke_aliyun_command ecs CopyImage "${dst_img_params[@]}"
dst_img_id=$(echo "$response" | jq -r .ImageId)
wait_resource_available ecs DescribeImages "$DST_REGION_ID" "Image" "$dst_img_id"
log "INFO" "Destination image copied: '$dst_img_id'"
 
# Create VPC
log "INFO" "Creating VPC"
dst_vpc_params=(
  "--region" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--RegionId" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--CidrBlock" "10.0.0.0/8"
  "--VpcName" "cli-dst-vpc"
)
invoke_aliyun_command ecs CreateVpc "${dst_vpc_params[@]}"
dst_vpc_id=$(echo "$response" | jq -r .VpcId)
wait_resource_available "Vpc" "DescribeVpcAttribute" "$DST_REGION_ID" "Vpc" "$dst_vpc_id"
log "INFO" "VPC created: '$dst_vpc_id'"
 
# Create a vSwitch
log "INFO" "Creating VSwitch"
dst_vsw_params=(
  "--region" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--RegionId" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--ZoneId" "$DST_ZONE_ID"
  "--VpcId" "$dst_vpc_id"
  "--CidrBlock" "10.1.1.0/24"
)
invoke_aliyun_command vpc CreateVSwitch "${dst_vsw_params[@]}"
dst_vsw_id=$(echo "$response" | jq -r .VSwitchId)
wait_resource_available "vpc" "DescribeVSwitchAttributes" "$DST_REGION_ID" "VSwitch" "$dst_vsw_id"
log "INFO" "VSwitch created: '$dst_vsw_id'"
 
# Create security group
log "INFO" "Creating security group"
dst_sg_params=(
  "--region" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--RegionId" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--SecurityGroupName" "cli-dst-sg"
  "--VpcId" "$dst_vpc_id"
  "--SecurityGroupType" "normal"
)
invoke_aliyun_command ecs CreateSecurityGroup "${dst_sg_params[@]}"
dst_sg_id=$(echo "$response" | jq -r .SecurityGroupId)
log "INFO" "Security group created: '$dst_sg_id'"
 
# Create a pay-as-you-go ECS instance in the destination region
log "INFO" "Creating ECS instance in zone: '$DST_ZONE_ID'"
dst_instance_params=(
  "--region" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--RegionId" "$DST_REGION_ID"
  "--ImageId" "$dst_img_id"
  "--SecurityGroupId" "$dst_sg_id"
  "--VSwitchId" "$dst_vsw_id"
  "--InstanceType" "$SRC_INSTANCE_TYPE"
  "--InstanceName" "cli-dst-ecs"
  "--PasswordInherit" "true"
  "--SystemDisk.Category" "$SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_CATEGORY"
  "--SystemDisk.Size" "$SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_SIZE"
  "--InstanceChargeType" "PostPaid"
)
invoke_aliyun_command ecs RunInstances "${dst_instance_params[@]}"
dst_instance_id=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.InstanceIdSets.InstanceIdSet[0]')
log "INFO" "ECS instance created: '$dst_instance_id'"

# Set error exit policy
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
 
# Set character encoding
chcp 65001 | Out-Null
[System.Console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
 
# Source instance ID
$SRC_INSTANCE_ID = "i-bp1g6zv0ce8oghu7****"
# Source instance region ID
$SRC_REGION_ID = "cn-hangzhou"
# Destination region ID
$DST_REGION_ID = "cn-beijing"
# Destination instance zone ID
$DST_ZONE_ID = "cn-beijing-h"
# Source instance type
$SRC_INSTANCE_TYPE = "ecs.e-c1m1.large"
# Source instance system disk category
$SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_CATEGORY = "cloud_auto"
# Source instance system disk size
$SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_SIZE = 40
 
# Output log
function Log {
    param ([string]$Level, [string]$Message)
    Write-Host "$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss') [$Level] $Message"
}
 
# Wrap Alibaba Cloud CLI
function Invoke-AliyunCommand {
    param ([string]$Service, [string]$Action, [array]$Params)
    $response = aliyun $Service $Action $Params
    if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { return $response | ConvertFrom-Json }
    Log "ERROR" "Failed to call aliyun command: aliyun $Service $Action $Params"
    exit 1
}
 
# Get nested property value
function Get-NestedPropertyValue {
    param (
        [object]$Object,
        [string]$PropertyPath
    )
    $parts = $PropertyPath -split '\.'
    $value = $Object
 
    foreach ($part in $parts) {
        $value = $value.$part
    }
    return $value
}
 
# Wait for resource to be available
function Wait-ResourceAvailable {
    param (
        [string]$Service,
        [string]$Action,
        [object]$Params,
        [string]$StatusPath,
        [string]$ProgressPath
    )
    $timeout = 1200
    $interval = 20
    $endTime = (Get-Date).AddSeconds($timeout)
    while ((Get-Date) -lt $endTime) {
        $response = Invoke-AliyunCommand $Service $Action $Params
        $currentStatus = Get-NestedPropertyValue $response $StatusPath
        Log "INFO" "Resource status: $currentStatus"
        if ($ProgressPath) {
            $currentProgress = Get-NestedPropertyValue $response $ProgressPath
            Log "INFO" "Creation progress: $currentProgress"
        }
        if ("Available" -eq $currentStatus) { return }
        Start-Sleep -Seconds $interval
    }
}
 
# Create image
Log "INFO" "Creating source image from instance '$SRC_INSTANCE_ID'"
$srcImgId = (Invoke-AliyunCommand -Service "ecs" -Action "CreateImage" -Params @(
    "--region", $SRC_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $SRC_REGION_ID,
    "--InstanceId", $SRC_INSTANCE_ID,
    "--ImageName", "cli-src-img"
)).ImageId
Wait-ResourceAvailable -Service "ecs" -Action "DescribeImages" -Params @(
    "--region", $SRC_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $SRC_REGION_ID,
    "--ImageId", $srcImgId,
    "--Status", "Creating,Waiting,Available"
) -StatusPath "Images.Image.Status" -ProgressPath "Images.Image.Progress"
Log "INFO" "Source image created: '$srcImgId'"
 
# Copy image to destination region
Log "INFO" "Copying image to region: '$DST_REGION_ID'"
$dstImgId = (Invoke-AliyunCommand -Service "ecs" -Action "CopyImage" -Params @(
    "--region", $SRC_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $SRC_REGION_ID,
    "--DestinationRegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--ImageId", $srcImgId,
    "--DestinationImageName", "cli-dst-img"
)).ImageId
Wait-ResourceAvailable -Service "ecs" -Action "DescribeImages" -Params @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--ImageId", $dstImgId,
    "--Status", "Creating,Waiting,Available"
) -StatusPath "Images.Image.Status" -ProgressPath "Images.Image.Progress"
Log "INFO" "Destination image copied: '$dstImgId'"
 
# Create VPC
Log "INFO" "Creating VPC"
$dstVpcId = (Invoke-AliyunCommand -Service "vpc" -Action "CreateVpc" -Params @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--CidrBlock", "10.0.0.0/8",
    "--VpcName", "cli-dst-vpc"
)).VpcId
Wait-ResourceAvailable -Service "Vpc" -Action "DescribeVpcAttribute" -Params @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--VpcId", $dstVpcId
) -StatusPath "Status"
Log "INFO" "VPC created: '$dstVpcId'"
 
# Create a vSwitch
Log "INFO" "Creating VSwitch"
$dstVSwitchId = (Invoke-AliyunCommand vpc CreateVSwitch @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--ZoneId", $DST_ZONE_ID,
    "--VpcId", $dstVpcId,
    "--CidrBlock", "10.1.1.0/24"
)).VSwitchId
Wait-ResourceAvailable -Service "Vpc" -Action "DescribeVSwitchAttributes" -Parameters @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--VSwitch", $dstVSwitchId
) -StatusPath "Status"
Log "INFO" "VSwitch created: '$dstVSwitchId'"
 
# Create security group
Log "INFO" "Creating security group"
$dstSecurityGroupId = (Invoke-AliyunCommand ecs CreateSecurityGroup @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--SecurityGroupName", "cli-dst-sg",
    "--VpcId", $dstVpcId,
    "--SecurityGroupType", "normal"
)).SecurityGroupId
Log "INFO" "Security group created: '$dstSecurityGroupId'"
 
# Create a pay-as-you-go ECS instance in the destination region
Log "INFO" "Creating ECS instance in zone: '$DST_ZONE_ID'"
$dstInstanceId = (Invoke-AliyunCommand ecs RunInstances @(
    "--region", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--RegionId", $DST_REGION_ID,
    "--ImageId", $dstImgId,
    "--SecurityGroupId", $dstSecurityGroupId,
    "--VSwitchId", $dstVSwitchId,
    "--InstanceType", $SRC_INSTANCE_TYPE,
    "--InstanceName", "cli-dst-ecs",
    "--PasswordInherit", "true",
    "--SystemDisk.Category", $SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_CATEGORY,
    "--SystemDisk.Size", $SRC_SYSTEM_DISK_SIZE,
    "--InstanceChargeType", "PostPaid"
)).InstanceIdSets.InstanceIdSet[0]
Log "INFO" "ECS instance created: '$dstInstanceId'"
Log "INFO" "Script execution completed successfully."