Document Center
PolarDB for MySQL
Product Updates
Release notes
Release notes of the PolarDB kernel
Release notes for PolarProxy
Product Introduction
What is PolarDB?
Benefits
Security capabilities
Architecture
Editions
Overview
Cluster Edition
Single Node Edition
Archive Database Edition
Overview
Usage instructions
Comparison between editions
Specifications of compute nodes
Case Studies
Online games: XD.com
Glossary
Limits
Product Billing
Billable items
Comparison between general-purpose and dedicated compute nodes
Billing methods
Overview
Billing method 1: pay-as-you-go
Billing method 2: subscription
Purchase procedures
Purchase a pay-as-you-go cluster
Purchase a subscription cluster
Purchase a storage plan
Change the billing method from subscription to pay-as-you-go
Change the billing method of a cluster from pay-as-you-go to subscription
Instructions for purchase
Manage storage plans
View the deducted capacity of a storage plan
Renew or upgrade a storage plan
Expiration or overdue payments
Renew subscription clusters
Manual renewal
Auto-renewal
View bills
Billing rules of PolarDB for MySQL
Billing rules of compute nodes
Billing rules of pay-as-you-go compute nodes
Billing rules of subscription compute nodes
Comparison between the pay-as-you-go and subscription billing methods
Storage pricing
Billing rules of backup storage that exceeds the free quota
Pricing of SQL Explorer (optional)
Configuration change fees
FAQ
Storage plans
Scale-out and scale-in
Quick Start
Data Migration or Synchronization
Overview of data migration or synchronization solutions
Considerations for data migration from MySQL 5.7 to PolarDB for MySQL 8.0
Migrate data from ApsaraDB for RDS to ApsaraDB for PolarDB
Create a PolarDB for MySQL cluster by migrating an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance
Create a PolarDB for MySQL cluster by cloning an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance
Migrate data from an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance to a PolarDB for MySQL cluster
Migrate data between ApsaraDB for PolarDB
Migrate data between PolarDB for MySQL clusters
Migrate data from other databases to Apsara for PolarDB
Migrate data from a self-managed MySQL database to a PolarDB for MySQL cluster
Migrate data from a self-managed MySQL database to a PolarDB for MySQL cluster by using mysqldump
Migrate data from an Amazon Aurora MySQL cluster to a PolarDB for MySQL cluster
Migrate data from ApsaraDB for PolarDB to other databases
Migrate data from a PolarDB for MySQL cluster to an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance
Synchronize data between ApsaraDB for PolarDB
Configure one-way data synchronization between Apsara PolarDB for MySQL clusters
Configure two-way data synchronization between Apsara PolarDB for MySQL clusters
Synchronize data between ApsaraDB for PolarDB and other databases
Synchronize data from an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance to a PolarDB for MySQL cluster
Synchronize data from a PolarDB for MySQL cluster to an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance
Synchronize data from a PolarDB for MySQL cluster to an AnalyticDB for MySQL cluster
Synchronize data from a PolarDB for MySQL cluster to an AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL instance
Synchronize data from a PolarDB for MySQL cluster to a user-created Kafka cluster
Synchronize data from a user-created MySQL database hosted on ECS to an Apsara PolarDB for MySQL cluster
Synchronize data from a user-created MySQL database connected over Express Connect, VPN Gateway, or Smart Access Gateway to a PolarDB for MySQL cluster
User Guide
Overview
Features
Resource plans
Connect to PolarDB
Cluster endpoints and primary endpoints
Apply for a cluster endpoint or a primary endpoint
Connect to a cluster
Troubleshoot cluster connection failures
Private domain names
FAQ
Database proxy
Overview
Read/write splitting
Overview
Load balancing
Consistency levels
Connection pools
Persistent connection
Dynamic data masking
Overview
Manage data masking rules
Configure the PolarDB proxy
FAQ
Account Management
Account overview
Alibaba Cloud accounts
Register and log on to an Alibaba Cloud account
Create and authorize a RAM user
Authorize RAM users to manage PolarDB by using custom policies
Database accounts
Create a database account
Manage database accounts for a cluster
Account permissions
Manage databases
Data Security and Encryption
Configure a whitelist for a cluster
Configure an IP whitelist
Configure a security group
Configure SSL encryption
Configure TDE
FAQ about data security and encryption
Elastic scaling
Overview
Manually change specifications
Automatically change specifications
Enable the automatic specification change feature by using DAS
Automatic specification changes on ApsaraDB PolarDB MySQL-compatible edition Cluster Edition
Perform a temporary upgrade
Add or remove read-only nodes
Backup and restoration
Overview
Pricing
Backup methods
Backup method 1: Automatic backup
Backup method 2: Manual backup
Backup settings
Restoration methods
Method 1 for cluster restoration: Restore from a backup set
Method 2 for full restoration: point-in-time restore
Method 1 for database and table restoration: Restore from a backup set
Method 2 for database and table restoration: Restore data to a point in time
Restore data that is deleted accidentally
FAQ
High-availability deployment architecture
Multi-zone deployment architecture
Multi-zone deployment
Change the primary zone and vSwitch of a cluster
Multi-node deployment architecture
Multi-node deployment
Automatic failover and manual failover
Global database networks
Overview
Technical architecture
Typical scenarios
Best practices for deploying a GDN across regions
Create and release a GDN
Add and remove secondary clusters
Connect to a GDN
Cluster recycle bin
Pricing
Restore a released cluster
Delete a released cluster
Version management
Monitoring and optimization
Diagnosis
Autonomy center
Session Management
Real-time Monitoring
Storage analysis
Deadlock analysis
Diagnostic reports
Performance Insight
Performance monitoring
View performance monitoring data
Change the interval at which monitoring data is collected
Create an alert rule
Manage alert rules
Slow SQL query
SQL Explorer
Scheduled O&M events
View and manage scheduled events
Query historical events
More operations
Clone a cluster
Specify cluster parameters
Set parameters to expressions
Apply a parameter template
Enable binary logging
Set a maintenance window
Restart nodes
View or cancel a scheduled task
View the database storage usage
Release a cluster
Tags
Bind a tag
Filter clusters by tag
View tags bound to a cluster
Unbind a tag
Kernel Features
Overview of Kernel
Kernel compatibility
Release notes of the PolarDB kernel
Version of the PolarDB database kernel
Advanced kernel features
Optimization of DDL execution
Instant ADD COLUMN
Async Metadata Lock Replication
DDL physical replication optimization
Parallel DDL
Prevent long-running transactions on read-only nodes from blocking DDL operations
Parallel query
Parallel query
View parallel execution plans
DOP policy
Hash joins in parallel queries
Use semijoins for parallel execution
Use ROLLUP to improve performance
Parallel hints
Inconsistencies between the results of parallel execution and serial execution and limits on parallel queries
Examples of parallel queries
High concurrency optimization
Statement Concurrency Control
Inventory Hint
Statement Queue
Hot row optimization
Thread Pool
Performance monitoring
Performance Agent
Other features
Fast Query Cache
Statement Outline
Recycle bin
Returning
Performance White Paper
OLTP performance tests
Performance of PolarDB for MySQL 8.0 (Cluster Edition)
Performance test results of PolarDB for MySQL 5.7 (Cluster Edition)
Performance test results of PolarDB for MySQL 5.6 (Cluster Edition)
Performance comparison between Archive Database and Cluster Edition in PolarDB for MySQL 8.0
Comparison with ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL
Parallel query performance in OLAP scenarios
Guidelines for performance comparison
Best Practices
Remotely obtain and parse binary log records from a cluster of the PolarDB for MySQL
Subscribe to PolarDB cluster logs
How to restore data that is deleted or modified accidentally
Data restoration methods for different scenarios
Use the data tracking feature of DMS to restore data
Cluster restoration methods
Restoration process and estimated time
Cluster restoration: Restore data to a previous point in time
Cluster restoration: Restore from a backup set
Restoration methods
Overall process and estimated time
Instance and table restoration: Restore data to a previous point in time
Instance and table restoration: Restore from a backup set
Restore a cluster from Cluster Recycle
Restore a table from Recycle Bin
API Reference
API overview
Use RAM for resource authorization
RAM role linked to Apsara PolarDB
Call methods
Common parameters
Request structures
Signatures
Billing
TempModifyDBNode
TransformDBClusterPayType
Storage plans
CreateStoragePlan
Regions
DescribeRegions
Cluster management
CreateDBCluster
DeleteDBCluster
DescribeDBClusters
DescribeDBClusterAttribute
DescribeTasks
ModifyDBClusterDescription
ModifyDBClusterMaintainTime
Deployment architecture
ModifyDBClusterPrimaryZone
FailoverDBCluster
Renewal management
DescribeAutoRenewAttribute
ModifyAutoRenewAttribute
DescribeDBClusterAvailableResources
Kernel
DescribeDBClusterVersion
UpgradeDBClusterVersion
Data Security
Whitelist management
ModifyDBClusterAccessWhitelist
DescribeDBClusterAccessWhitelist
SSL encryption
DescribeDBClusterSSL
ModifyDBClusterSSL
TDE
DescribeDBClusterTDE
ModifyDBClusterTDE
Node management
CreateDBNodes
ModifyDBNodeClass
RestartDBNode
DeleteDBNodes
Cluster parameters
DescribeDBClusterParameters
ModifyDBClusterParameters
DescribeParameterTemplates
CreateParameterGroup
DescribeParameterGroups
DescribeParameterGroup
DeleteParameterGroup
Connection points
CreateDBEndpointAddress
CreateDBClusterEndpoint
DescribeDBClusterEndpoints
ModifyDBClusterEndpoint
ModifyDBEndpointAddress
DeleteDBEndpointAddress
DeleteDBClusterEndpoint
Logs
DescribeSlowLogRecords
DescribeDBClusterAuditLogCollector
ModifyDBClusterAuditLogCollector
Account management
CreateAccount
CheckAccountName
DescribeAccounts
ModifyAccountDescription
GrantAccountPrivilege
RevokeAccountPrivilege
ResetAccount
DeleteAccount
ModifyAccountPassword
Database management
CreateDatabase
DescribeDatabases
ModifyDBDescription
DescribeCharacterSetName
CheckDBName
DeleteDatabase
Global Database Network (GDN)
CreateGlobalDatabaseNetwork
DeleteGlobalDatabaseNetwork
DescribeGlobalDatabaseNetwork
DescribeGlobalDatabaseNetworks
ModifyGlobalDatabaseNetwork
RemoveDBClusterFromGDN
Backup management
CreateBackup
DescribeBackups
DescribeBackupTasks
DescribeBackupLogs
DescribeDetachedBackups
DescribeDBClustersWithBackups
DeleteBackup
Backup policy
DescribeBackupPolicy
DescribeLogBackupPolicy
ModifyBackupPolicy
ModifyLogBackupPolicy
Restore management
DescribeMetaList
RestoreTable
Data migration from RDS
DescribeDBClusterMigration
ModifyDBClusterMigration
CloseDBClusterMigration
Tag management
TagResources
UntagResources
ListTagResources
Pending events
DescribePendingMaintenanceAction
DescribePendingMaintenanceActions
ModifyPendingMaintenanceAction
Scheduled tasks
DescribeScheduleTasks
CancelScheduleTasks
Masking rules
DescribeMaskingRules
ModifyMaskingRules
DeleteMaskingRules
Monitoring management
DescribeDBNodePerformance
DescribeDBClusterPerformance
DescribeDBClusterMonitor
ModifyDBClusterMonitor
Appendixes
Client error codes
Cluster status
Character set tables
Performance metric monitoring
Download SDK
FAQ
all-products-head
This Product
This Product
All Products
All Products
Show more
Show less