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PolarDB
Release Notes
Product Introduction
What is ApsaraDB for PolarDB?
Benefits
Architecture
Limits
Pricing
Specifications and pricing
Renewal
Configuration change fees
Consumption details
PolarDB MySQL Database
Overview
Quick start
Data migration
Upgrade RDS MySQL to POLARDB for MySQL with one click
Clone data from RDS for MySQL to POLARDB for MySQL with one click
Migrate data from RDS for MySQL to POLARDB for MySQL
Migrate data from Amazon Aurora MySQL to POLARDB for MySQL
Migrate data from local MySQL to POLARDB for MySQL
Migrate data from POLARDB for MySQL to RDS for MySQL
Migrate data from ECS-hosted MySQL to POLARDB for MySQL
Read-write splitting
Pending events
Configure the IP address whitelist for a cluster
Billing management
Change the billing method from pay-as-you-go (hourly rate) to subscription
Manually renew the subscription to a cluster
Automatically renew the subscription to a cluster
Connect to POLARDB
View endpoints
Create or release a custom cluster endpoint
Connect to a database cluster
Cluster management
Create a PolarDB MySQL cluster
Add or remove a node
Change specifications
Set cluster parameters
Set a maintenance window
Restart a node
Switch over services between primary and read-only nodes
Release a POLARDB cluster
Clone a cluster
Deploy a cluster across multiple zones and change the primary zone
Account Management
Overview
Register and log on to an Alibaba Cloud account
Create and authorize a RAM user
Create database accounts
Manage the initial account of a POLARDB cluster
Database management
Backup and restore
Back up data
Restore data
Diagnostics and optimization
Use functions related to slow SQL statements
Use the diagnosis feature
Performance monitoring and alert configuration
SQL Explorer
Parallel query
Parallel query
Examples of parallel query
Restrictions on parallel query
Enable binlogging
FAQs
PolarDB PostgreSQL Database
Overview
PolarDB PostgreSQL Quick Start
Data Migration
Migrate data from a user-created PostgreSQL database to POLARDB for PostgreSQL
Migrate data from ApsaraDB RDS for PostgreSQL to POLARDB for PostgreSQL
Read/write splitting
Pending events
Configure a whitelist for a POLARDB for PostgreSQL cluster
Billing management
Change the billing method from pay-as-you-go to subscription
Manually renew the subscription to a cluster
Automatically renew the subscription to a cluster
Connect to a database cluster
View connection endpoints
Connect to a POLARDB for PostgreSQL cluster
Cluster management
Create a POLARDB for PostgreSQL cluster
Configure cluster parameters
Change the cluster specifications
Add or remove a read-only node
Set the maintenance window
Restart a node
Release a cluster
Clone a cluster
Account management
Overview
Register and log on to an Alibaba Cloud account
Create and authorize a RAM user
Create a database account
Manage a database account
Database management
Backup and restoration
Back up data
Restore data
Diagnostics and optimization
Performance monitoring and alert configuration
Performance insight
Plug-ins
Use the TimescaleDB plug-in
Read and write external data files by using oss_fdw
Use the pg_pathman plug-in
Enable the zhparser plug-in
Overview of data migration plans
User Guide for POLARDB Oracle Compatibility
Overview
Quick start for POLARDB cluster compatible with Oracle
Pending events
Set a whitelist for a POLARDB cluster
Billing management
Change the billing method from pay-as-you-go to subscription
Automatically renew the subscription to a cluster
Manually renew the subscription to a cluster
Connect to a database cluster
View endpoints
Connect to a database cluster
Cluster management
Create a POLARDB for Oracle cluster
View clusters
Configure cluster parameters
Change the specifications of a POLARDB cluster
Add or remove a read-only node
Set the maintenance window
Restart a node
Release a POLARDB cluster
Account management
Overview
Register and log on to an Alibaba Cloud account
Create and authorize a RAM user
Manage a database account
Create an account for a POLARDB cluster compatible with Oracle cluster
Database management
Backup and restoration
Back up data
Restore data
Diagnostics and optimization
Performance monitoring and alert configuration
Performance insight
Clone a cluster
SQL firewall
Developer Guide for POLARDB Oracle Compatibility
Connect to a POLARDB cluster compatible with Oracle
Clients and Drivers
Download clients and drivers
POLARDB JDBC
POLARDB .NET
POLARDB ODBC
POLARDB OCI
Basic operations
Create a user
Create a database
Create a schema
Create a table
Delete a table
Create a view
Create a materialized view
Create an index
Create and use a sequence
Create and use a synonym
Data types
XML type
Binary data
Character type
Boolean type
Numeric type
Data types
Date and time type
Built-in functions
Pattern matching string functions
Overview
REGEXP_INSTR
REGEXP_SUBSTR
REGEXP_COUNT
Date/Time functions and operators
Overview
ADD_MONTHS
CURRENT DATE/TIME
EXTRACT
MONTHS_BETWEEN
NEXT_DAY
NEW_TIME
ROUND
TRUNC
Use the LIKE operator for pattern matching
Subquery expressions
String functions and operators
Sequence manipulation functions
Mathematical functions and operators
Conditional expressions
Comparison operators
Functions for formatting data types
Aggregate functions
Logical operators
Table partitioning
Overview
Select a partitioning type
Use partition pruning
Example - partition pruning
Partitioning commands compatible with Oracle databases
CREATE TABLE... PARTITION BY
ALTER TABLE... ADD SUBPARTITION
ALTER TABLE... ADD PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... SPLIT PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... SPLIT SUBPARTITION
ALTER TABLE... DROP PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... DROP SUBPARTITION
ALTER TABLE... EXCHANGE PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... MOVE PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... RENAME PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... TRUNCATE PARTITION
ALTER TABLE... TRUNCATE SUBPARTITION
DROP TABLE
TRUNCATE TABLE
Retrieve information about a partitioned table
Overview
Table partitioning views - reference
Handle stray values in a LIST or RANGE partitioned table
Specify multiple partition key columns in a RANGE partitioned table
Built-in packages
Overview
DBMS_ALERT
DBMS_CRYPTO
DBMS_LOB
DBMS_LOCK
DBMS_MVIEW
DBMS_OUTPUT
DBMS_PIPE
DBMS_PROFILER
DBMS_RANDOM
DBMS_RLS
DBMS_SQL
UTL_ENCODE
UTL_URL
PL/SQL functions and procedures
Overview
Basic SPL elements
Basic SPL elements
User-defined PL/SQL subtypes
SPL programs
SPL block structure
Anonymous blocks
Procedure overview
Function overview
Parameters in stored procedures and functions
Positional and named parameter notation
Parameter modes
Use default values in parameters
Overview
Compilation errors in stored procedures and functions
Program security
EXECUTE permission
Example of the security mechanism
Comparison of the definer's permission and caller's permission
Database object name resolution
Database object permissions
Overview
Develop PL/SQL packages
Overview
Package components
Create a package
Reference a package
Use packages with user-defined types
Drop a package
Custom parameters
Oracle compatibility
Read and write external data files by using oss_fdw
Spatio-temporal Database
Introduction
Models
Geometry model
Raster model
Point cloud model
Path model
Trajectory model
Advanced usage
Enable GPU-accelerated computing
Enable spatio-temporal parallel query
Raster SQL reference
Constructors
ST_CreateRast
Import and export
ST_ExportTo
ST_ImportFrom
Pyramid operations
ST_BestPyramidLevel
ST_BuildPyramid
ST_deletePyramid
Coordinate system conversion
ST_World2RastCoord
ST_Rast2WorldCoord
Overview operations
ST_EraseOverview
ST_UpdateOverview
ST_BuildOverview
DEM operations
ST_Aspect
ST_Flow_direction
ST_Hillshade
ST_Overflow
ST_Slope
Attribute query and update
ST_BuildHistogram
ST_CellDepth
ST_CellType
ST_ColorInterp
ST_ColorTable
ST_Extent
ST_Georeference
ST_Height
ST_Histogram
ST_InterleavingType
ST_IsGeoreferenced
ST_MetaData
ST_Name
ST_NoData
ST_NumBands
ST_RasterID
ST_SetColorInterp
ST_SetColorTable
ST_SetGeoreference
ST_SetHistogram
ST_SetName
ST_SetNoData
ST_SetSrid
ST_SetStatistics
ST_Srid
ST_Statistics
ST_SummaryStats
ST_TopPyramidLevel
ST_UnGeoreference
ST_Value
ST_Width
Auxiliary functions
ST_CheckGPU
Pixel value operations
ST_ClipDimension
ST_Clip
ST_ClipToRast
ST_Values
ST_Update
ST_MosaicFrom
ST_MosaicTo
Point cloud SQL reference
Constructors
ST_makePatch
ST_makePoint
ST_Patch
Attribute functions
ST_asText
ST_get
ST_numPoints
ST_pcID
ST_summary
Object operations
ST_boundingDiagonalGeometry
ST_compress
ST_explode
ST_patchAvg
ST_envelopeGeometry
ST_filterGreaterThan
ST_filterLessThan
ST_filterEquals
ST_filterBetween
ST_isSorted
ST_patchMax
ST_patchMin
ST_patchAvg
ST_patchMax
ST_patchMin
ST_pointN
ST_sort
ST_range
ST_setPcid
ST_transform
ST_unCompress
ST_union
OGC WKB operations
ST_asBinary
ST_boundingDiagonalAsBinary
ST_envelopeAsBinary
Spatial relationship judgment
ST_intersects
Spatial processing
ST_intersection
Trajectory SQL reference
Terms
Constructors
Overview
ST_append
ST_makeTrajectory
Editing and processing functions
ST_attrDeduplicate
ST_Compress
ST_CompressSED
ST_deviation
ST_sort
Attribute metadata
ST_attrDefinition
ST_attrLength
ST_attrName
ST_attrNullable
ST_attrSize
ST_attrType
Event functions
ST_addEvent
ST_eventTime
ST_eventTimes
ST_eventType
ST_eventTypes
Attribute functions
ST_velocityAtTime
ST_accelerationAtTime
ST_attrFloatAverage
ST_attrFloatFilter
ST_attrFloatMax
ST_attrFloatMin
ST_attrIntAverage
ST_attrIntFilter
ST_attrIntMax
ST_attrIntMin
ST_attrNotNullFilter
ST_attrNullFilter
ST_attrTimestampFilter
ST_cumulativeDistanceAtTime
ST_duration
ST_endTime
ST_leafCount
ST_leafType
ST_pointAtTime
ST_samplingInterval
ST_startTime
ST_subTrajectory
ST_subTrajectorySpatial
ST_timeAtCumulativeDistance
ST_timeAtDistance
ST_timeAtPoint
ST_timeToDistance
ST_trajAttrs
ST_trajAttrsAsBool
ST_trajAttrsAsDouble
ST_trajAttrsAsInteger
ST_trajAttrsAsText
ST_trajAttrsAsTimestamp
ST_trajAttrsMeanMax
ST_trajectorySpatial
ST_trajectoryTemporal
Spatial relationship judgment
ST_intersects
ST_equals
ST_distanceWithin
Spatial processing
ST_difference
ST_intersection
Spatial statistics
ST_nearestApproachPoint
ST_nearestApproachDistance
Spatio-temporal relationship judgment
ST_intersects
ST_equals
ST_distanceWithin
ST_durationWithin
Spatio-temporal processing
ST_intersection
Spatio-temporal statistics
ST_nearestApproachPoint
ST_nearestApproachDistance
Distance measurement
ST_euclideanDistance
ST_length
ST_mdistance
Similarity analysis
ST_lcsDistance
ST_lcsSimilarity
ST_lcsSubDistance
Variables
ganos.trajectory.attr_string_length
Trajectory best practices
Trajectory FAQ
Service publishing
GeoServer
Overview
Publish geometry data
Publish raster data
Desktop applications
Use OpenJump to access Ganos data
Use QGIS to access Ganos data
Use uDig to access Ganos data
Performance White Paper
ApsaraDB PolarDB MySQL white paper
OLTP performance tests
Test results for ApsaraDB PolarDB MySQL 8.0
Test results for ApsaraDB PolarDB MySQL 5.6
Comparison with ApsaraDB RDS MySQL
OLAP performance tests
PolarDB PostgreSQL Performance White Paper
PolarDB compatible with Oracle white paper
API Reference
List of operations by function
RAM resource authorization
Call methods
Common parameters
Request structure
Signature mechanism
Regions
DescribeRegions
Cluster management
CreateDBCluster
DescribeDBClusters
DescribeDBClusterAttribute
DescribeAutoRenewAttribute
ModifyAutoRenewAttribute
ModifyDBClusterMaintainTime
ModifyDBClusterDescription
DeleteDBCluster
FailoverDBCluster
Whitelist management
ModifyDBClusterAccessWhitelist
DescribeDBClusterAccessWhitelist
Node management
CreateDBNodes
ModifyDBNodeClass
RestartDBNode
DeleteDBNodes
Cluster parameters
DescribeDBClusterParameters
ModifyDBClusterParameters
Connection points
CreateDBEndpointAddress
CreateDBClusterEndpoint
DescribeDBClusterEndpoints
ModifyDBClusterEndpoint
ModifyDBEndpointAddress
DeleteDBEndpointAddress
DeleteDBClusterEndpoint
Account management
CreateAccount
DescribeAccounts
ModifyAccountDescription
ModifyAccountPassword
GrantAccountPrivilege
RevokeAccountPrivilege
ResetAccount
DeleteAccount
Database management
CreateDatabase
DescribeDatabases
ModifyDBDescription
DeleteDatabase
Backup management
CreateBackup
DescribeBackups
DeleteBackup
DescribeBackupPolicy
ModifyBackupPolicy
Data migration from RDS
CloseDBClusterMigration
DescribeDBClusterMigration
ModifyDBClusterMigration
Tag management
TagResources
UntagResources
Monitoring management
DescribeDBClusterPerformance
DescribeDBNodePerformance
Appendixes
Client error codes
Character sets
Performance parameters
Cluster states
SDK Reference
FAQ
General Reference
Guidelines for the use of documentation
Alibaba Cloud documentation
Instructions for open source documentation
Open-Source Documentation Code of Conduct
Editing Open-Source Documentation
Alibaba Cloud console
Regions and zones
Service limits
Create an AccessKey
ICP Filing
Glossary
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This Product
This Product
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PolarDB
PolarDB
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Release Notes
Release Notes
Show more
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Product Introduction
Download PDF
What is ApsaraDB for PolarDB?
Benefits
Architecture
Limits
Show more
Show less
Pricing
Download PDF
Specifications and pricing
Renewal
Configuration change fees
Consumption details
Show more
Show less
PolarDB MySQL Database
Download PDF
Overview
Quick start
Data migration
Read-write splitting
Pending events
Configure the IP address whitelist for a cluster
Billing management
Connect to POLARDB
Cluster management
Deploy a cluster across multiple zones and change the primary zone
Account Management
Database management
Backup and restore
Diagnostics and optimization
Performance monitoring and alert configuration
SQL Explorer
Parallel query
Enable binlogging
FAQs
Show more
Show less
PolarDB PostgreSQL Database
Download PDF
Overview
PolarDB PostgreSQL Quick Start
Data Migration
Read/write splitting
Pending events
Configure a whitelist for a POLARDB for PostgreSQL cluster
Billing management
Connect to a database cluster
Cluster management
Account management
Database management
Backup and restoration
Diagnostics and optimization
Plug-ins
Overview of data migration plans
Show more
Show less
User Guide for POLARDB Oracle Compatibility
Download PDF
Overview
Quick start for POLARDB cluster compatible with Oracle
Pending events
Set a whitelist for a POLARDB cluster
Billing management
Connect to a database cluster
Cluster management
Account management
Database management
Backup and restoration
Diagnostics and optimization
Clone a cluster
SQL firewall
Show more
Show less
Developer Guide for POLARDB Oracle Compatibility
Download PDF
Connect to a POLARDB cluster compatible with Oracle
Clients and Drivers
Basic operations
Data types
Built-in functions
Table partitioning
Built-in packages
PL/SQL functions and procedures
Develop PL/SQL packages
Custom parameters
Oracle compatibility
Read and write external data files by using oss_fdw
Show more
Show less
Spatio-temporal Database
Download PDF
Introduction
Models
Advanced usage
Raster SQL reference
Point cloud SQL reference
Trajectory SQL reference
Trajectory best practices
Trajectory FAQ
Service publishing
Desktop applications
Show more
Show less
Performance White Paper
Download PDF
ApsaraDB PolarDB MySQL white paper
PolarDB PostgreSQL Performance White Paper
PolarDB compatible with Oracle white paper
Show more
Show less
API Reference
Download PDF
List of operations by function
RAM resource authorization
Call methods
Regions
Cluster management
Whitelist management
Node management
Cluster parameters
Connection points
Account management
Database management
Backup management
Data migration from RDS
Tag management
Monitoring management
Appendixes
Show more
Show less
SDK Reference
SDK Reference
Show more
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FAQ
FAQ
Show more
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Free Trial
Free Trial