Daftarkan UDF geospasial open source untuk menganalisis data spasial - MaxCompute - Alibaba Cloud - MaxCompute

Artikel ini menjelaskan cara menggunakan UDF geospatial open source untuk menganalisis data spasial.

Prasyarat

Pastikan Anda telah menyelesaikan langkah-langkah berikut:

Git telah diinstal.
Maven telah diinstal dan variabel lingkungan telah dikonfigurasi.
Klien MaxCompute telah diinstal.

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang instalasi klien MaxCompute, lihat Install and configure odpscmd.

Latar Belakang

Apache Hive menyediakan sekumpulan UDF geospatial open source. Untuk detailnya, lihat GitHub. MaxCompute secara native mendukung penggunaan langsung Hive UDF, sehingga juga mendukung penggunaan fungsi geospatial Hive di MaxCompute.

Contoh penggunaan Hive UDF di MaxCompute tersedia di Develop a UDF in Java.

Catatan

Jika Anda mengalami masalah selama penggunaan, ajukan issue langsung di GitHub untuk mendapatkan bantuan.

Langkah 1: Menyiapkan Fungsi Lokal

Terdapat dua metode untuk menyiapkan fungsi lokal:

Mengunduh kode sumber lalu mengompilasinya menjadi paket JAR

Dapatkan tautan unduhan untuk kode UDF geospatial.
Buka alat command line Git, lalu unduh kode UDF geospatial versi 2.1.0 (untuk Hive yang sesuai dengan Hadoop versi 2.7.2) ke lokal. Contoh perintahnya sebagai berikut.
- ```
git clone https://github.com/Esri/spatial-framework-for-hadoop.git
```
- ```
git clone -b "v2.1.0" --single-branch git@github.com:Esri/spatial-framework-for-hadoop.git
```

Bangun proyek menggunakan Maven.

Contoh perintahnya sebagai berikut.

cd spatial-framework-for-hadoop
mvn clean package -DskipTests -P java-8,hadoop-2.7,hive-2.1

Salin paket JAR hasil build. Paket JAR ini berisi semua metode UDF geospatial open source.
Contoh perintahnya sebagai berikut.
```
cp hive/target/spatial-sdk-hive-2.1.1-SNAPSHOT.jar ../spatial-sdk-hive.jar
```

Unduh paket JAR yang menjadi dependensi proyek.

Contoh perintahnya sebagai berikut.

wget 'https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esri/geometry/esri-geometry-api/2.2.0/esri-geometry-api-2.2.0.jar' -O esri-geometry-api.jar

cp ~/.m2/repository/com/esri/geometry/esri-geometry-api/2.2.0/esri-geometry-api-2.2.0.jar ../esri-geometry-api.jar

Mengunduh paket JAR yang telah dikompilasi
1. Ambil paket Spatial JAR, lalu ubah nama file-nya menjadi spatial-sdk-hive.jar.
2. Ambil paket Esri Geometry JAR, lalu ubah nama file-nya menjadi esri-geometry-api.jar.
Catatan
Jika tautan unduhan gagal, kunjungi langsung repositori GitHub terkait.

Langkah 2: Mendaftarkan Fungsi di MaxCompute

Di Connect to MaxCompute with odpscmd, jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengunggah dua paket JAR dependensi yang telah disiapkan ke Project tujuan.
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang penambahan resource, lihat Manage resources.
```
ADD jar esri-geometry-api.jar;
ADD jar spatial-sdk-hive.jar;
```

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk mendaftarkan fungsi.

CREATE FUNCTION ST_Aggr_ConvexHull  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Aggr_ConvexHull' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Aggr_Intersection    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Aggr_Intersection'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Aggr_Union   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Aggr_Union'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Area AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Area'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsBinary AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsBinary'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsGeoJson    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsGeoJson'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsJson   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsJson'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsShape  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsShape' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_AsText   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_AsText'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Bin  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Bin' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_BinEnvelope  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_BinEnvelope' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Boundary AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Boundary'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Buffer   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Buffer'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Centroid AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Centroid'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Contains AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Contains'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_ConvexHull   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_ConvexHull'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_CoordDim AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_CoordDim'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Crosses  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Crosses' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Difference   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Difference'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Dimension    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Dimension'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Disjoint AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Disjoint'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Distance AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Distance'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_EndPoint AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_EndPoint'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Envelope AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Envelope'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_EnvIntersects    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_EnvIntersects'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Equals   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Equals'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_ExteriorRing AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_ExteriorRing'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeodesicLengthWGS84  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeodesicLengthWGS84' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomCollection   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomCollection'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Geometry AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Geometry'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeometryN    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeometryN'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeometryType AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeometryType'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromGeoJson  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromGeoJson' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromJson AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromJson'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromShape    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromShape'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromText AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromText'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_GeomFromWKB  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_GeomFromWKB' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_InteriorRingN    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_InteriorRingN'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Intersection AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Intersection'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Intersects   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Intersects'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Is3D AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Is3D'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsClosed AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsClosed'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsEmpty  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsEmpty' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsMeasured   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsMeasured'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsRing   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsRing'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_IsSimple AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_IsSimple'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Length   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Length'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_LineFromWKB  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_LineFromWKB' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_LineString   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_LineString'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_M    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_M'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxM AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxM'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxX AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxX'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxY AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxY'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MaxZ AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MaxZ'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinM AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinM'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinX AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinX'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinY AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinY'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MinZ AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MinZ'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MLineFromWKB AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MLineFromWKB'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MPointFromWKB    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MPointFromWKB'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MPolyFromWKB AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MPolyFromWKB'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MultiLineString  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MultiLineString' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MultiPoint   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MultiPoint'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_MultiPolygon AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_MultiPolygon'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_NumGeometries    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_NumGeometries'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_NumInteriorRing  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_NumInteriorRing' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_NumPoints    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_NumPoints'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Overlaps AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Overlaps'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Point    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Point'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PointFromWKB AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PointFromWKB'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PointN   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PointN'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PointZ   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PointZ'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_PolyFromWKB  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_PolyFromWKB' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Polygon  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Polygon' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Relate   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Relate'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_SetSRID  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_SetSRID' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_SRID AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_SRID'    USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_StartPoint   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_StartPoint'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_SymmetricDiff    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_SymmetricDiff'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Touches  AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Touches' USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Union    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Union'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Within   AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Within'  USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_X    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_X'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Y    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Y'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';
CREATE FUNCTION ST_Z    AS  'com.esri.hadoop.hive.ST_Z'   USING 'spatial-sdk-hive.jar,esri-geometry-api.jar';

Langkah 3: Menguji UDF

Kirimkan pernyataan SQL melalui klien MaxCompute untuk menguji apakah UDF berfungsi dengan normal. Contoh perintahnya sebagai berikut.

-- Aktifkan kompatibilitas Hive dan kirimkan fungsi uji.
SET odps.sql.hive.compatible=true;
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_Point(1, 2));

Hasil yang dikembalikan sebagai berikut menunjukkan instalasi berhasil.

+-----+
| _c0 |
+-----+
| POINT (1 2) |
+-----+

Untuk petunjuk penggunaan fungsi secara lengkap, lihat dokumentasi fungsi open source.