Alibaba Cloud SDK:Gérer les identifiants d'accès

pip install alibabacloud_credentials

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
# If no configuration parameter is specified, credentials are retrieved from the default credential chain.
credentialsClient = CredentialClient()
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# Use config to initialize the client of the cloud service. For more information, see the SDK documentation of each cloud service.

import os
from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='access_key',
    # Required. In this example, the AccessKey ID is retrieved from an environment variable.
    access_key_id=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
    # Required. In this example, the AccessKey secret is retrieved from an environment variable.
    access_key_secret=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET')
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# Then, use config to initialize the client of the corresponding cloud service.

import os
from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='sts',
    # Required. In this example, the AccessKey ID is retrieved from an environment variable.
    access_key_id=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
    # Required. In this example, the AccessKey secret is retrieved from an environment variable.
    access_key_secret=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'),
    # Required. In this example, the temporary security token is retrieved from an environment variable.
    security_token=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_SECURITY_TOKEN')
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# The code that uses config to initialize the client of the cloud service is omitted.

import os
from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='ram_role_arn',
    # Required. In this example, the AccessKey ID is retrieved from an environment variable.
    access_key_id=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
    # Required. In this example, the AccessKey secret is retrieved from an environment variable.
    access_key_secret=os.environ.get('ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'),
    # Required. The ARN of the RAM role to assume. Example: acs:ram::123456789012****:role/adminrole. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_ARN environment variable to set this parameter.
    role_arn='<role_arn>',
    # Optional. The role session name. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_SESSION_NAME environment variable to set this parameter.
    role_session_name='<role_session_name>',
    # Optional. A more restrictive policy. Example: {"Statement": [{"Action": ["*"],"Effect": "Allow","Resource": ["*"]}],"Version":"1"}
    policy='<policy>',
    # Optional. The external ID of the role, which is mainly used to prevent the confused deputy problem.
    external_id='<external_id>',
    # Optional. The session expiration time. Default value: 3600 seconds.
    role_session_expiration=3600
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# The code that uses config to initialize the client of the cloud service is omitted.

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='ecs_ram_role',
    # Optional. The name of the ECS role. If you leave this parameter empty, the name is obtained automatically. We recommend that you specify the name to reduce the number of requests. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_ECS_METADATA environment variable to set this parameter.
    role_name='<role_name>',
    # Optional. Default value: False. True: credentials are obtained only in the security hardening mode (IMDSv2), and an exception is thrown if access fails, so set True only for instances that support the security hardening mode. False: the tool first tries to obtain credentials in the security hardening mode. If the attempt fails, the tool switches to the normal mode (IMDSv1).
    disable_imds_v1=True
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# The code that uses config to initialize the client of the cloud service is omitted.

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='oidc_role_arn',
    # Required. The RAM role ARN. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_ARN environment variable to set this parameter.
    role_arn='<role_arn>',
    # Required. The ARN of the OIDC IdP. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_OIDC_PROVIDER_ARN environment variable to set this parameter.
    oidc_provider_arn='<oidc_provider_arn>',
    # Required. The path to the OIDC token file. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_OIDC_TOKEN_FILE environment variable to set this parameter.
    oidc_token_file_path='<oidc_token_file_path>',
    # Optional. The role session name. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_SESSION_NAME environment variable to set this parameter.
    role_session_name='<role_session_name>',
    # Optional. A more restrictive policy. Example: {"Statement": [{"Action": ["*"],"Effect": "Allow","Resource": ["*"]}],"Version":"1"}
    policy='<policy>',
    # Optional. The session expiration time. Default value: 3600 seconds.
    role_session_expiration=3600
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# The code that uses config to initialize the client of the cloud service is omitted.

{
  "Code": "Success",
  "AccessKeySecret": "yourAccessKeySecret",
  "AccessKeyId": "STS.****************",
  "Expiration": "2021-09-26T03:46:38Z",
  "SecurityToken": "yourSecurityToken"
}

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='credentials_uri',
    # Required. The URI from which the credentials are obtained. The format is http://local_or_remote_uri/. You can also use the ALIBABA_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS_URI environment variable to set this parameter.
    credentials_uri='<credentials_uri>',
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use a V2.0 SDK for a cloud service, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# The code that uses config to initialize the client of the cloud service is omitted.

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models
credentialsConfig = CredentialConfig(
    type='bearer',
    # Required. Enter your bearer token.
    bearer_token='<BearerToken>',
)
credentialsClient = CredentialClient(credentialsConfig)
credential = credentialsClient.get_credential()
access_key_id = credential.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = credential.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = credential.get_security_token()
# When you use the CCC V2.0 SDK, pass the credential by using the Config class of the alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models module.
config = open_api_models.Config(
    credential=credentialsClient,
    endpoint='<endpoint>'
)
# The code that uses config to initialize the client of the cloud service is omitted.

1. Obtenir les informations d'identification à partir des variables d'environnement

2. Obtenir les informations d'identification en utilisant le rôle RAM d'un fournisseur d'identité OIDC

3. Obtenir les informations d'identification à partir d'un fichier de configuration

Cette fonctionnalité nécessite alibabacloud_credentials version 1.0rc3 ou ultérieure.

{
  "current": "<PROFILE_NAME>",
  "profiles": [
    {
      "name": "<PROFILE_NAME>",
      "mode": "AK",
      "access_key_id": "<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>",
      "access_key_secret": "<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>"
    },
    {
      "name": "<PROFILE_NAME1>",
      "mode": "StsToken",
      "access_key_id": "<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>",
      "access_key_secret": "<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>",
      "sts_token": "<SECURITY_TOKEN>"
    },
    {
      "name":"<PROFILE_NAME2>",
      "mode":"RamRoleArn",
      "access_key_id":"<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID>",
      "access_key_secret":"<ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET>",
      "ram_role_arn":"<ROLE_ARN>",
      "ram_session_name":"<ROLE_SESSION_NAME>",
      "expired_seconds":3600
    },
    {
      "name":"<PROFILE_NAME3>",
      "mode":"EcsRamRole",
      "ram_role_name":"<RAM_ROLE_ARN>"
    },
    {
      "name":"<PROFILE_NAME4>",
      "mode":"OIDC",
      "oidc_provider_arn":"<OIDC_PROVIDER_ARN>",
      "oidc_token_file":"<OIDC_TOKEN_FILE>",
      "ram_role_arn":"<ROLE_ARN>",
      "ram_session_name":"<ROLE_SESSION_NAME>",
      "expired_seconds":3600
    },
    {
      "name":"<PROFILE_NAME5>",
      "mode":"ChainableRamRoleArn",
      "source_profile":"<PROFILE_NAME>",
      "ram_role_arn":"<ROLE_ARN>",
      "ram_session_name":"<ROLE_SESSION_NAME>",
      "expired_seconds":3600
    }
  ]
}

4. Obtenir les informations d'identification en utilisant le rôle RAM d'une instance ECS

• Pour plus d'informations sur les métadonnées d'instance, consultez la rubrique Métadonnées d'instance.

• Pour savoir comment attacher un rôle RAM à une instance ECS ou ECI, consultez les rubriques Étape 1 : Créer un rôle RAM et Attacher un rôle RAM d'instance à une instance ECI.

• Pour obtenir des informations d'identification d'identité temporaires en mode de renforcement de la sécurité, utilisez alibabacloud_credentials version 0.3.6 ou ultérieure.

5. Obtenir les informations d'identification en fonction d'une URI

Les types d'informations d'identification de session, tels que ram_role_arn, ecs_ram_role, oidc_role_arn et credentials_uri, prennent en charge l'actualisation automatique grâce à un mécanisme intégré dans le fournisseur d'informations d'identification. Lorsqu'un client d'informations d'identification récupère une information d'identification pour la première fois, le fournisseur la stocke dans un cache. Lors des opérations suivantes, la même instance de client récupère automatiquement l'information d'identification à partir de ce cache. Si l'information d'identification mise en cache a expiré, l'instance de client en récupère une nouvelle et met à jour le cache en conséquence.

L'exemple suivant utilise le modèle singleton pour créer un client d'informations d'identification. Il illustre le mécanisme d'actualisation en récupérant une information d'identification à différents intervalles de temps et en appelant une opération OpenAPI pour vérifier que l'information d'identification est utilisable.

import os
import sys
import time
import threading
from functools import wraps
from threading import Lock
from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config as CredentialConfig
from alibabacloud_ecs20140526.client import Client
from alibabacloud_ecs20140526.models import DescribeRegionsRequest
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models import Config as EcsConfig
#
# Thread-safe singleton decorator.
#
def singleton(cls):
    """Implements a thread-safe singleton pattern."""
    instances = {}
    lock = Lock()
    @wraps(cls)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        with lock:
            if cls not in instances:
                instances[cls] = cls(*args, **kwargs)
        return instances[cls]
    return wrapper
#
# Singleton service class.
#
@singleton
class Credential:
    def __init__(self):
        self._client = self._init_client()
    @staticmethod
    def _init_client() -> CredentialClient:
        try:
            config = CredentialConfig(
                type="ram_role_arn",
                access_key_id=os.getenv("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID"),
                access_key_secret=os.getenv("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET"),
                role_arn=os.getenv("ALIBABA_CLOUD_ROLE_ARN"),
                role_session_name="RamRoleArnTest",
                role_session_expiration=3600,
            )
            return CredentialClient(config)
        except Exception as e:
            raise RuntimeError(f"Credential initialization failed: {e}") from e
    @property
    def client(self) -> CredentialClient:
        return self._client
@singleton
class EcsClient:
    def __init__(self, credential: CredentialClient):
        self._client = self._init_client(credential)
    @staticmethod
    def _init_client(credential: CredentialClient) -> Client:
        try:
            ecs_config = EcsConfig(credential=credential)
            ecs_config.endpoint = 'ecs.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com'
            return Client(ecs_config)
        except Exception as e:
            raise RuntimeError(f"ECS client initialization failed: {e}") from e
    @property
    def client(self) -> Client:
        return self._client
#
# Task function.
#
def execute_task():
    try:
        # Obtain the credential and the ECS client.
        credential = Credential().client.get_credential()
        ecs_client = EcsClient(Credential().client).client
        # Print the credential information.
        print("Time:", time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
        print("AK ID:", credential.access_key_id)
        print("AK Secret:", credential.access_key_secret)
        print("STS Token:", credential.security_token)
        # Call an API operation to query the region list.
        request = DescribeRegionsRequest()
        response = ecs_client.describe_regions(request)
        print("Invoke result:", response.to_map()["statusCode"])
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"ECS client execution failed: {e}")
        raise
def schedule_task():
    def run_execute_task():
        try:
            execute_task()
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Task execution failed: {e}")
        finally:
            nonlocal task_count
            task_count += 1
            if task_count == len(DELAYS):
                print("All tasks completed. Exiting program.")
                sys.exit(0)
    def schedule_execution(delay):
        task_timer = threading.Timer(delay, run_execute_task)
        task_timer.start()
        return task_timer
    # Define the delays of the scheduled tasks.
    DELAYS = [0, 600, 4200, 4300]
    task_count = 0
    timers = [schedule_execution(delay) for delay in DELAYS]
    try:
        while True:
            time.sleep(1)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("Program interrupted by user.")
        for timer in timers:
            timer.cancel()
if __name__ == "__main__":
    schedule_task()

Time: 2025-05-28 14:51:51
AK ID: STS.NXC2_xxx_3e8nhx6
AK Secret: 89HQ_xxx_3pVFMsJzbStqUQn
STS Token: CAISxAJ1q6Ft5B2yfSjIr5v2ed2M3uhT3JKAb3b9h3AdS+oUga3T1Dz2IHhMeXZoA+4YsPw2mmFW6/sdLqdJQpp
 /QkjJRNF20pLM7VtilmAGIpbng4YfgbiJREKxaXeiru_xxx_3XUiTnmW3NFkFlyGEe4CFdkf3jm5bHu0WB0gCkK7FO/trLT8L6P5U2DvBWSMyo2eF6TK3F3RNL5gJCnKUM1/Qcp6if5I
 /DXQEIvUTYbreL6L9mNxRkY6UgHKpJvCxxBmi0fUW5f_xxx_+UxM3D2hT+Bi3HLQztRLNaRsQdpz0agA6vG9rqhiMsdPZDiIoh5FHnB/fZ
 +F9ol26SXsmquJdjfFgX9FFPVOqvnsHYRXUS2abqNKD_xxx_1GzLDX26i+hM2jxG6CFc9BJ3S5iElyLCAA
Invoke result: 200
Time: 2025-05-28 15:01:51
AK ID: STS.NXC2_xxx_3e8nhx6
AK Secret: 89HQ_xxx_3pVFMsJzbStqUQn
STS Token: CAISxAJ1q6Ft5B2yfSjIr5v2ed2M3uhT3JKAb3b9h3AdS+oUga3T1Dz2IHhMeXZoA+4YsPw2mmFW6/sdLqdJQpp
 /QkjJRNF20pLM7VtilmAGIpbng4YfgbiJREKxaXeiru_xxx_3XUiTnmW3NFkFlyGEe4CFdkf3jm5bHu0WB0gCkK7FO/trLT8L6P5U2DvBWSMyo2eF6TK3F3RNL5gJCnKUM1/Qcp6if5I
 /DXQEIvUTYbreL6L9mNxRkY6UgHKpJvCxxBmi0fUW5f_xxx_+UxM3D2hT+Bi3HLQztRLNaRsQdpz0agA6vG9rqhiMsdPZDiIoh5FHnB/fZ
 +F9ol26SXsmquJdjfFgX9FFPVOqvnsHYRXUS2abqNKD_xxx_1GzLDX26i+hM2jxG6CFc9BJ3S5iElyLCAA
Invoke result: 200
Time: 2025-05-28 16:01:53
AK ID: STS.NVw9_xxx_QZ3M4mu
AK Secret: 2mP6_xxx_Xvp38ai4mJTazm
STS Token: CAISxAJ1q6Ft5B2yfSjIr5XCctz4vp1A9qmocRChqE4hXdUfovH6Lzz2IHhMeXZoA+4YsPw2mmFW6/sdLqdJQpp
 /QkjJRNF20pLM7VtoxWAYIpbng4YfgbiJREKxaXeiru_xxx_iTnmW3NFkFlyGEe4CFdkf3jm5bHu0WB0gCkK7FO/trLT8L6P5U2DvBWSMyo2eF6TK3F3RNL5gJCnKUM1/Qcp6if5I
 /DXQEIvUTYbreL6L9mNxRkY6UgHKpJvCxxBmi0fUW5f_xxx_xM3D2hT+Bi3HLQztXxScP8Qdpz0agAG61LMbLwCjTNi3juW48l
 +/w3E16v00Wet2c9vr1Ftp3qaJ8zuQJIMgixWIvAXa4_xxx_eAMf+DaoEa0gUg1lQ7096D76vMDDr1eTiiAA
Invoke result: 200
Time: 2025-05-28 16:03:31
AK ID: STS.NVw9_xxx_QZ3M4mu
AK Secret: 2mP6_xxx_Xvp38ai4mJTazm
STS Token: CAISxAJ1q6Ft5B2yfSjIr5XCctz4vp1A9qmocRChqE4hXdUfovH6Lzz2IHhMeXZoA+4YsPw2mmFW6/sdLqdJQpp
 /QkjJRNF20pLM7VtoxWAYIpbng4YfgbiJREKxaXeiru_xxx_iTnmW3NFkFlyGEe4CFdkf3jm5bHu0WB0gCkK7FO/trLT8L6P5U2DvBWSMyo2eF6TK3F3RNL5gJCnKUM1/Qcp6if5I
 /DXQEIvUTYbreL6L9mNxRkY6UgHKpJvCxxBmi0fUW5f_xxx_xM3D2hT+Bi3HLQztXxScP8Qdpz0agAG61LMbLwCjTNi3juW48l
 +/w3E16v00Wet2c9vr1Ftp3qaJ8zuQJIMgixWIvAXa4_xxx_eAMf+DaoEa0gUg1lQ7096D76vMDDr1eTiiAA
Invoke result: 200

Analyse basée sur la sortie du journal :

• Lors du premier appel, le cache est vide. Le système récupère une information d'identification en fonction de votre configuration, puis la stocke dans le cache.

• Le deuxième appel utilise la même information d'identification que le premier, ce qui indique qu'elle a été récupérée à partir du cache.

• Lors du troisième appel, l'information d'identification mise en cache a expiré. Son heure d'expiration (RoleSessionExpiration) est de 3 600 secondes, mais cet appel est effectué 4 200 secondes après le premier. Par conséquent, le mécanisme d'actualisation automatique du SDK récupère une nouvelle information d'identification et met à jour le cache.

• Le quatrième appel utilise la même information d'identification que le troisième, confirmant que le cache a été mis à jour.