In PolarDB-X 1.0, sharding refers to two complementary mechanisms for distributing data across physical storage:
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Database sharding splits data across multiple physical databases. Each physical database holds a subset of the data.
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Table sharding splits a single logical table across multiple physical tables within those databases.
For a complete description of how sharding works in PolarDB-X 1.0—including sharding methods, sharding keys, and sharding functions—see Overview.