SQL throttling

Scenarios

Procedure

1. Log on to the DAS console.
2. In the left-side navigation pane, click Instance Monitoring.
3. Find the database instance that you want to manage and click the instance ID. The instance details page appears.
4. In the left-side navigation pane, click Instance Sessions.
5. On the Session Management tab, click SQL Throttling in the Instance Sessions section.
   
6. In the SQL Throttling dialog box, configure the following parameters. The following table describes the parameters that you configure.
   

   Parameter	Description
   Throttling Mode	Select the SQL throttling mode. For more information, see Throttling modes.
   SQL Type	Select the type of the SQL statements to throttle. Valid values: SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT Note The INSERT SQL statements can be throttled on one of the following database engines: RDS MySQL 8.0 MySQL 5.7 or MySQL 8.0 in PolarDB for MySQL PolarDB-X 2.0 SQL statements that are in the INSERT...SELECT... format cannot be throttled.
   Maximum Concurrency	The maximum number of concurrent SQL statements. Throttling is triggered when the number of SQL statements that contain specific keywords reaches the maximum value. The minimum value of this parameter is 1.
   Throttling Duration	The duration during which the SQL throttling configuration takes effect. The throttling feature is intended only for emergency use. We recommend that you specify the throttling duration based on your business requirements and disable throttling when it is no longer needed.
   SQL Keywords	The keywords that are used to identify the SQL statements that need to be throttled. If you specify multiple keywords, throttling is triggered only if an SQL statement contains all keywords. Separate multiple keywords with tildes (~). The value of the SQL Keywords parameter cannot be set to SELECT, UPDATE, or DELETE. The keywords are case-sensitive for instances except for the instances of some earlier versions. For example, if the original statement is SELECT min(id), max(id) FROM task_event WHERE gmt_modified < '2020-06-21' AND begin_time > '2020-07-09' AND source IN (527) AND id >= 15673 AND id <= 8015673, set this parameter to SELECT~min~id~max~id~FROM~task_event~WHERE~gmt_modified~AND~begin_time~AND~source~IN~AND~id~AND~id.
   Database Account with Throttled Queries	The database account by which throttled SQL statements are executed.

   Note After the SQL throttling rule is created, different types of database services respond to requests that contain all the specified SQL keywords in a different manner.

   • For an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance that runs MySQL 5.6 or MySQL 5.7 or a PolarDB for MySQL cluster that runs MySQL 5.6, the corresponding database system returns error code 1317 and the "query execution was interrupted" error message.
   • For an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance that runs MySQL 8.0 or a PolarDB for MySQL cluster that runs MySQL 5.7 or MySQL 8.0, the SQL statements enter the Concurrency control waiting state. After the number of SQL statements that are in the Concurrency control waiting state exceeds the threshold specified by the ccl_max_waiting_count parameter if the version of your instance supports the ccl_max_waiting_count parameter, the corresponding database system returns the following error code:
     • ERROR 7534 (HY000) for an ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance that runs MySQL 8.0
     • ERROR 3277 (HY000)for a PolarDB for MySQL cluster that runs MySQL 5.7
     • ERROR 7533 (HY000) for a PolarDB for MySQL cluster that runs MySQL 8.0

     If the value of ccl_max_waiting_count is the default value 0, all throttled SQL statements are in the Concurrency control waiting state and no error is returned. When DAS performs SQL throttling, DAS sets ccl_max_waiting_count to the default value that is defined in DAS if the value of ccl_max_waiting_count is 0 or directly uses the value of ccl_max_waiting_count if the value is greater than 0.

7. Click Create.
8. After the SQL throttling rule is created, you can view the status of the rule in the list of throttling rules.
   
9. If you want to disable or modify a throttling rule before the specified throttling duration expires, click Disable or Edit in the Actions column corresponding to the throttling rule.

Throttling modes

DAS provides three modes to throttle SQL statements.

Related API operations

• EnableSqlConcurrencyControl
• DisableSqlConcurrencyControl
• DisableAllSqlConcurrencyControl
• GetRunningSqlConcurrencyControlRules
• GetSqlConcurrencyControlRulesHistory
• GetSqlConcurrencyControlKeywordsFromSqlText