Go SDK收发消息 - 云消息队列 Kafka 版

本文介绍如何使用Go SDK通过接入点接入云消息队列 Kafka 版并收发消息。

环境准备

您已安装Go。更多信息，请参见安装Go。

说明该kafka-confluent-go-demo不支持Windows系统。

准备配置

可选：下载SSL根证书。如果是SSL接入点，需下载该证书。
访问aliware-kafka-demos，单击图标，然后在下拉框选择Download ZIP，下载Demo工程并解压。
在解压的Demo工程中，找到kafka-confluent-go-demo文件夹，将此文件夹上传在Linux系统的/home路径下。

登录Linux系统，进入/home/kafka-confluent-go-demo路径，修改配置文件conf/kafka.json。

{
  "topic": "XXX",
  "group.id": "XXX",
  "bootstrap.servers" : "XXX:XX,XXX:XX,XXX:XX",
  "security.protocol" : "plaintext",
  "sasl.mechanism" : "XXX",
  "sasl.username" : "XXX",
  "sasl.password" : "XXX"
}


参数	描述
topic	实例的Topic名称。您可在云消息队列 Kafka 版控制台的Topic 管理页面获取。
group.id	实例的Group。您可在云消息队列 Kafka 版控制台的Group 管理页面获取。说明如果应用运行producer.go发送消息，该参数可以不配置；如果应用运行consumer.go订阅消息，该参数必须配置。
bootstrap.servers	SSL接入点的IP地址以及端口。您可在云消息队列 Kafka 版控制台的实例详情页面的接入点信息区域获取。
security.protocol	SASL用户认证协议，默认为plaintext。各类型接入点对应取值如下：默认接入点：plaintext。 SSL接入点：sasl_ssl。 SASL接入点：sasl_plaintext。
sasl.mechanism	消息收发的机制。各类型接入点对应取值如下：默认接入点：不涉及，无需配置。 SSL接入点：PLAIN。 SASL接入点：PLAIN机制需配置为PLAIN；SCRAM机制需配置为SCRAM-SHA-256。
sasl.username	SASL用户名。如果是SSL接入点或SASL接入点，需配置该参数。说明如果实例未开启ACL，您可以在云消息队列 Kafka 版控制台的实例详情页面的配置信息区域获取默认的用户名和密码。如果实例已开启ACL，请确保要使用的SASL用户已被授予向云消息队列 Kafka 版实例收发消息的权限。具体操作，请参见SASL用户授权。
sasl.password	SASL用户密码。如果是SSL接入点或SASL接入点，需配置该参数。

发送消息

执行以下命令运行producer.go发送消息。

go run -mod=vendor producer/producer.go

消息程序producer.go示例代码如下：

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
    "os"
    "path/filepath"
)

type KafkaConfig struct {
    Topic      string `json:"topic"`
    GroupId    string `json:"group.id"`
    BootstrapServers    string `json:"bootstrap.servers"`
    SecurityProtocol string `json:"security.protocol"`
    SslCaLocation string `json:"ssl.ca.location"`
    SaslMechanism string `json:"sasl.mechanism"`
    SaslUsername string `json:"sasl.username"`
    SaslPassword string `json:"sasl.password"`
}

// config should be a pointer to structure, if not, panic
func loadJsonConfig() *KafkaConfig {
    workPath, err := os.Getwd()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    configPath := filepath.Join(workPath, "conf")
    fullPath := filepath.Join(configPath, "kafka.json")
    file, err := os.Open(fullPath);
    if (err != nil) {
        msg := fmt.Sprintf("Can not load config at %s. Error: %v", fullPath, err)
        panic(msg)
    }

    defer file.Close()

    decoder := json.NewDecoder(file)
    var config = &KafkaConfig{}
    err = decoder.Decode(config);
    if (err != nil) {
        msg := fmt.Sprintf("Decode json fail for config file at %s. Error: %v", fullPath, err)
        panic(msg)
    }
    json.Marshal(config)
    return  config
}

func doInitProducer(cfg *KafkaConfig) *kafka.Producer {
    fmt.Print("init kafka producer, it may take a few seconds to init the connection\n")
    //common arguments
    var kafkaconf = &kafka.ConfigMap{
        "api.version.request": "true",
        "message.max.bytes": 1000000,
        "linger.ms": 10,
        "retries": 30,
        "retry.backoff.ms": 1000,
        "acks": "1"}
    kafkaconf.SetKey("bootstrap.servers", cfg.BootstrapServers)

    switch cfg.SecurityProtocol {
        case "plaintext" :
            kafkaconf.SetKey("security.protocol", "plaintext");
        case "sasl_ssl":
            kafkaconf.SetKey("security.protocol", "sasl_ssl");
            kafkaconf.SetKey("ssl.ca.location", "conf/ca-cert.pem");
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.username", cfg.SaslUsername);
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.password", cfg.SaslPassword);
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.mechanism", cfg.SaslMechanism)
    case "sasl_plaintext":
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.mechanism", "PLAIN")
            kafkaconf.SetKey("security.protocol", "sasl_plaintext");
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.username", cfg.SaslUsername);
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.password", cfg.SaslPassword);
            kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.mechanism", cfg.SaslMechanism)
    default:
            panic(kafka.NewError(kafka.ErrUnknownProtocol, "unknown protocol", true))
    }

    producer, err := kafka.NewProducer(kafkaconf)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Print("init kafka producer success\n")
    return producer;
}

func main() {
    // Choose the correct protocol
    // 9092 for PLAINTEXT
    // 9093 for SASL_SSL, need to provide sasl.username and sasl.password
    // 9094 for SASL_PLAINTEXT, need to provide sasl.username and sasl.password
    cfg := loadJsonConfig();
    producer := doInitProducer(cfg)

    defer producer.Close()

    // Delivery report handler for produced messages
    go func() {
        for e := range producer.Events() {
            switch ev := e.(type) {
            case *kafka.Message:
                if ev.TopicPartition.Error != nil {
                    fmt.Printf("Delivery failed: %v\n", ev.TopicPartition)
                } else {
                    fmt.Printf("Delivered message to %v\n", ev.TopicPartition)
                }
            }
        }
    }()

    // Produce messages to topic (asynchronously)
    topic := cfg.Topic
    for _, word := range []string{"Welcome", "to", "the", "Confluent", "Kafka", "Golang", "client"} {
        producer.Produce(&kafka.Message{
            TopicPartition: kafka.TopicPartition{Topic: &topic, Partition: kafka.PartitionAny},
            Value:          []byte(word),
        }, nil)
    }

    // Wait for message deliveries before shutting down
    producer.Flush(15 * 1000)
}

订阅消息

执行以下命令运行consumer.go订阅消息。

go run -mod=vendor consumer/consumer.go

消息程序consumer.go示例代码如下：

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
    "os"
    "path/filepath"
)
type KafkaConfig struct {
    Topic      string `json:"topic"`
    GroupId    string `json:"group.id"`
    BootstrapServers    string `json:"bootstrap.servers"`
    SecurityProtocol string `json:"security.protocol"`
    SaslMechanism string `json:"sasl.mechanism"`
    SaslUsername string `json:"sasl.username"`
    SaslPassword string `json:"sasl.password"`
}

// config should be a pointer to structure, if not, panic
func loadJsonConfig() *KafkaConfig {
    workPath, err := os.Getwd()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    configPath := filepath.Join(workPath, "conf")
    fullPath := filepath.Join(configPath, "kafka.json")
    file, err := os.Open(fullPath);
    if (err != nil) {
        msg := fmt.Sprintf("Can not load config at %s. Error: %v", fullPath, err)
        panic(msg)
    }

    defer file.Close()

    decoder := json.NewDecoder(file)
    var config = &KafkaConfig{}
    err = decoder.Decode(config);
    if (err != nil) {
        msg := fmt.Sprintf("Decode json fail for config file at %s. Error: %v", fullPath, err)
        panic(msg)
    }
    json.Marshal(config)
    return  config
}


func doInitConsumer(cfg *KafkaConfig) *kafka.Consumer {
    fmt.Print("init kafka consumer, it may take a few seconds to init the connection\n")
    //common arguments
    var kafkaconf = &kafka.ConfigMap{
        "api.version.request": "true",
        "auto.offset.reset": "latest",
        "heartbeat.interval.ms": 3000,
        "session.timeout.ms": 30000,
        "max.poll.interval.ms": 120000,
        "fetch.max.bytes": 1024000,
        "max.partition.fetch.bytes": 256000}
    kafkaconf.SetKey("bootstrap.servers", cfg.BootstrapServers);
    kafkaconf.SetKey("group.id", cfg.GroupId)

    switch cfg.SecurityProtocol {
    case "plaintext" :
        kafkaconf.SetKey("security.protocol", "plaintext");
    case "sasl_ssl":
        kafkaconf.SetKey("security.protocol", "sasl_ssl");
        kafkaconf.SetKey("ssl.ca.location", "./conf/ca-cert.pem");
        kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.username", cfg.SaslUsername);
        kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.password", cfg.SaslPassword);
        kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.mechanism", cfg.SaslMechanism)
    case "sasl_plaintext":
        kafkaconf.SetKey("security.protocol", "sasl_plaintext");
        kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.username", cfg.SaslUsername);
        kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.password", cfg.SaslPassword);
        kafkaconf.SetKey("sasl.mechanism", cfg.SaslMechanism)

    default:
        panic(kafka.NewError(kafka.ErrUnknownProtocol, "unknown protocol", true))
    }

    consumer, err := kafka.NewConsumer(kafkaconf)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Print("init kafka consumer success\n")
    return consumer;
}

func main() {

    // Choose the correct protocol
    // 9092 for PLAINTEXT
    // 9093 for SASL_SSL, need to provide sasl.username and sasl.password
    // 9094 for SASL_PLAINTEXT, need to provide sasl.username and sasl.password
    cfg := loadJsonConfig();
    consumer := doInitConsumer(cfg)

    consumer.SubscribeTopics([]string{cfg.Topic}, nil)

    for {
        msg, err := consumer.ReadMessage(-1)
        if err == nil {
            fmt.Printf("Message on %s: %s\n", msg.TopicPartition, string(msg.Value))
        } else {
            // The client will automatically try to recover from all errors.
            fmt.Printf("Consumer error: %v (%v)\n", err, msg)
        }
    }

    consumer.Close()
}