本文介绍如何使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python从NAT网关上绑定和解绑一个弹性公网IP(Elastic IP Address,简称EIP)。
前提条件
在使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python前,您需要完成以下准备工作:
- 您需要一个阿里云账号和访问密钥(AccessKey)。 请在阿里云控制台中的AccessKey管理页面上创建和查看您的AccessKey。
- 确保您已经安装了Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python。
- 下载阿里云专有网络Python SDK场景示例的VPC Python Example库。 进入setup.py所在的目录,执行以下命令,完成环境初始化配置。
python setup.py install
操作步骤
- 在下载的SDK目录中,打开aliyun-openapi-python-sdk-examples\sdk_examples\examples\natgw文件夹。
- 使用编辑器打开natgw_associate_eip.py文件,根据实际情况配置相关参数,保存退出。下述代码示例中包含以下操作:
- 在华东2(上海)地域创建一个VPC。
- 在新建的VPC下创建一个vSwitch。
- 在新建的VPC下创建一个NAT网关。
- 在华东2(上海)地域创建一个EIP。
- 将创建的EIP绑定到NAT网关。
- 查询绑定到NAT网关的EIP。
- 在华东2(上海)地域创建共享带宽实例。
- 添加EIP到共享带宽实例。
- 查询已创建的NAT网关。
- 将EIP与NAT网关解绑。
- 将EIP从共享带宽实例中移出。
- 删除共享带宽实例。
- 删除NAT网关。
- 释放EIP。
- 删除vSwitch。
- 删除VPC。
#encoding=utf-8 import sys import json import time from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredClient from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException, ClientException from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import CreateNatGatewayRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DeleteNatGatewayRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DescribeNatGatewaysRequest from sdk_lib.sdk_vpc import Vpc from sdk_lib.sdk_vswitch import VSwitch from sdk_lib.sdk_eip import Eip from sdk_lib.sdk_cbwp import CommonBandwidthPackage from sdk_lib.common_util import CommonUtil from sdk_lib.check_status import CheckStatus from sdk_lib.exception import ExceptionHandler from sdk_lib.consts import * # 阿里云账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限,建议您使用RAM用户进行API访问或日常运维。 # 强烈建议不要把AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret保存到工程代码里,否则可能导致AccessKey泄露,威胁您账号下所有资源的安全。 # 本示例通过阿里云Credentials工具从环境变量中读取AccessKey,来实现API访问的身份验证。如何配置环境变量,请参见https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/alibaba-cloud-sdk-262060/latest/configure-credentials-378659。 cred = CredClient() access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id() access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret() # 创建AcsClient实例 client = AcsClient(access_key_id, access_key_secret, '<your-region-id>') class NatGateway(object): def __init__(self, client): self.client = client def create_nat_gateway(self, params): """ create_nat_gateway: 创建Nat Gateway """ try: request = CreateNatGatewayRequest.CreateNatGatewayRequest() request.set_VpcId(params['vpc_id']) response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) # 判断Nat Gateway状态是否可用 if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME, self.describe_nat_gateway_status, AVAILABLE, response_json['NatGatewayId']): return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def describe_nat_gateway(self, nat_gateway_id): """ describe_nat_gateway: 查询指定地域已创建的Nat Gateway的信息 """ try: request = DescribeNatGatewaysRequest.DescribeNatGatewaysRequest() request.set_NatGatewayId(nat_gateway_id) response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def delete_nat_gateway(self, params): """ delete_nat_gateway: 删除Nat Gateway """ try: request = DeleteNatGatewayRequest.DeleteNatGatewayRequest() request.set_NatGatewayId(params['nat_gateway_id']) response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) # 判断Nat Gateway状态是否可用 if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME * 5, self.describe_nat_gateway_status, '', params['nat_gateway_id']): return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def describe_nat_gateway_status(self, nat_gateway_id): """ describe_nat_gateway_status: 查询指定地域已创建的Nat Gateway的状态 """ response = self.describe_nat_gateway(nat_gateway_id) if len(response["NatGateways"]["NatGateway"]) == 0: return '' return response["NatGateways"]["NatGateway"][0]['Status'] def main(): vpc = Vpc(client) vswitch = VSwitch(client) eip = Eip(client) cbwp = CommonBandwidthPackage(client) nat_gateway = NatGateway(client) params = {} # 创建VPC vpc_json = vpc.create_vpc() CommonUtil.log("create_vpc", vpc_json) # 创建vSwitch params['vpc_id'] = vpc_json['VpcId'] params['zone_id'] = "cn-shanghai-d" params['cidr_block'] = "172.16.1.0/24" vswitch_json = vswitch.create_vswitch(params) CommonUtil.log("create_vswitch", vswitch_json) # 创建Nat Gateway nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.create_nat_gateway(params) CommonUtil.log("create_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json) # 创建EIP eip_response_json = eip.allocate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("allocate_eip_address", eip_response_json) params['allocation_id'] = eip_response_json["AllocationId"] # 绑定EIP到Nat Gateway params['instance_id'] = nat_gateway_json['NatGatewayId'] params['allocation_id'] = eip_response_json["AllocationId"] params['instance_type'] = 'Nat' eip_response_json = eip.associate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("associate_eip_address eip", eip_response_json) # 查询EIP eip_response_json = eip.describe_eip_address(params['allocation_id']) CommonUtil.log("describe_eip_address", eip_response_json) # 创建带宽包 params['bandwidth'] = BANDWIDTH_10 cbwp_repsonse_json = cbwp.create_common_bandwidth_package(params) CommonUtil.log("create_common_bandwidth_package", cbwp_repsonse_json) # 添加EIP到共享带宽包中 params['ip_instance_id'] = params['allocation_id'] params['bandwidth_package_id'] = cbwp_repsonse_json['BandwidthPackageId'] cbwp_repsonse_json = cbwp.add_common_bandwidth_packageIp(params) CommonUtil.log("add_common_bandwidth_packageIp", cbwp_repsonse_json) # 查询Nat Gateway params['nat_gateway_id'] = nat_gateway_json['NatGatewayId'] nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.describe_nat_gateway(params['nat_gateway_id']) CommonUtil.log("describe_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json) # 解绑EIP eip_response_json = eip.unassociate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("unassociate_eip_address nat", eip_response_json) # 移除共享带宽包中的EIP cbwp_repsonse_json = cbwp.remove_common_bandwidth_packageIp(params) CommonUtil.log("remove_common_bandwidth_packageIp", cbwp_repsonse_json) # 删除共享带宽包 params['force'] = True cbwp_repsonse_json = cbwp.delete_common_bandwidth_package(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_common_bandwidth_package", cbwp_repsonse_json) # 删除Nat Gateway nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.delete_nat_gateway(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json) # 释放EIP eip_response_json = eip.release_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("release_eip_address", eip_response_json) # 删除vSwitch params['vswitch_id'] = vswitch_json['VSwitchId'] vswitch_json = vswitch.delete_vswitch(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_vswitch", vswitch_json) # 删除VPC vpc_json = vpc.delete_vpc(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_vpc", vpc_json) if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main())
- 进入natgw_associate_eip.py所在的目录,执行以下命令,绑定和解绑EIP。
python natgw_associate_eip.py
执行结果
系统回显结果如下:
---------------------------create_vpc---------------------------
{
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxaz****",
"RouteTableId": "vtb-uf6agemvkcmd8****",
"VRouterId": "vrt-uf6r7lqtsv65d****",
"VpcId": "vpc-uf6mqfqx8vjmo****",
"RequestId": "ADF806C6-FCD6-4E46-B8E3-72C2BE895344"
}
---------------------------create_vswitch---------------------------
{
"VSwitchId": "vsw-uf6rm6add6w89****",
"RequestId": "897FFCC1-E6BA-484E-A245-C5DAEBBA269C"
}
---------------------------create_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
"NatGatewayId": "ngw-uf681h38pbvly****",
"BandwidthPackageIds": {
"BandwidthPackageId": []
},
"ForwardTableIds": {
"ForwardTableId": [
"ftb-uf6jd0vbyao2d****"
]
},
"RequestId": "7C7CD3CB-041A-4B80-80B4-8BF8D5EF0D26",
"SnatTableIds": {
"SnatTableId": [
"stb-uf6uj997htg3u****"
]
}
}
---------------------------allocate_eip_address---------------------------
{
"EipAddress": "106.XX.XX.129",
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxaz****",
"RequestId": "DB795B99-1CEA-4FC1-9CE3-9DE2B977BF02",
"AllocationId": "eip-uf62tf8y4uyac****"
}
---------------------------associate_eip_address eip---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "443D7060-B716-4193-A44D-23FE762004F8"
}
---------------------------describe_eip_address---------------------------
{
"TotalCount": 1,
"PageNumber": 1,
"PageSize": 10,
"EipAddresses": {
"EipAddress": [
{
"ISP": "BGP",
"ExpiredTime": "",
"InternetChargeType": "PayByBandwidth",
"IpAddress": "106.XX.XX.129",
"AllocationId": "eip-uf62tf8y4uyac****",
"PrivateIpAddress": "",
"Status": "InUse",
"BandwidthPackageId": "",
"InstanceId": "ngw-uf681h38pbvly****",
"InstanceRegionId": "cn-shanghai",
"RegionId": "cn-shanghai",
"AvailableRegions": {
"AvailableRegion": [
"cn-shanghai"
]
},
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxaz****",
"HasReservationData": false,
"InstanceType": "Nat",
"AllocationTime": "2019-04-24T10:03:08Z",
"Name": "",
"OperationLocks": {
"LockReason": []
},
"Mode": "NAT",
"BandwidthPackageType": "",
"BandwidthPackageBandwidth": "",
"Bandwidth": "5",
"HDMonitorStatus": "OFF",
"ChargeType": "PostPaid",
"SecondLimited": false,
"Descritpion": ""
}
]
},
"RequestId": "F0AEE605-14AD-4ADD-980C-4B508CE7EE4B"
}
---------------------------create_common_bandwidth_package----------------------
-----
{
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxaz****",
"BandwidthPackageId": "cbwp-uf6dmfvq0gzzg****",
"RequestId": "D5E02777-2A72-42EC-8308-5D4B6E56D900"
}
---------------------------add_common_bandwidth_packageIp-----------------------
----
{
"RequestId": "3B4CD99C-6E59-4DA2-9256-EACF3F699412"
}
---------------------------describe_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
"TotalCount": 1,
"PageNumber": 1,
"RequestId": "A07498A0-4D60-4E0F-A7DE-3A832B174D59",
"PageSize": 10,
"NatGateways": {
"NatGateway": [
{
"Status": "Available",
"BandwidthPackageIds": {
"BandwidthPackageId": []
},
"VpcId": "vpc-uf6mqfqx8vjmo****",
"Description": "",
"ForwardTableIds": {
"ForwardTableId": [
"ftb-uf6jd0vbyao2d****"
]
},
"IpLists": {
"IpList": [
{
"UsingStatus": "Idle",
"IpAddress": "106.XX.XX.129",
"AllocationId": "eip-uf62tf8y4uyac****"
}
]
},
"BusinessStatus": "Normal",
"RegionId": "cn-shanghai",
"CreationTime": "2019-04-24T10:03:05Z",
"NatGatewayId": "ngw-uf681h38pbvly****",
"SnatTableIds": {
"SnatTableId": [
"stb-uf6uj997htg3u****"
]
},
"AutoPay": false,
"InstanceChargeType": "PostPaid",
"ExpiredTime": "",
"Spec": "Small",
"Name": ""
}
]
}
}
---------------------------unassociate_eip_address nat--------------------------
-
{
"RequestId": "92CB670E-239D-4659-B91F-E0565D5C0F2D"
}
---------------------------remove_common_bandwidth_packageIp--------------------
-------
{
"RequestId": "A58E9647-6761-4CA3-8786-3CD4E7D2A7AB"
}
---------------------------delete_common_bandwidth_package----------------------
-----
{
"RequestId": "4AA428BC-B72F-4567-94B8-AC2398EF7529"
}
---------------------------delete_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "EC6C5D04-AF7D-4560-A30E-80EC141D174D"
}
---------------------------release_eip_address---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "9B1380B3-EE97-49BD-88FE-DBF356304208"
}
---------------------------delete_vswitch---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "A9A1D63E-5709-4B98-90BF-9069AA264230"
}
---------------------------delete_vpc---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "3B687C37-5315-4E0B-BE13-103BB287A80D"
}