本文介绍如何使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python创建NAT网关。
前提条件
在使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python前,您需要完成以下准备工作:
- 您需要一个阿里云账号和访问密钥(AccessKey)。 请在阿里云控制台中的AccessKey管理页面上创建和查看您的AccessKey。
- 确保您已经安装了Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python。
- 下载阿里云专有网络Python SDK场景示例的VPC Python Example库。 进入setup.py所在的目录,执行以下命令,完成环境初始化配置。
python setup.py install
背景信息
本文代码示例中包含以下操作:- 在华东2(上海)地域创建一个VPC。
- 在新建的VPC下创建一个vSwitch。
- 在新建的VPC下创建一个NAT网关。
- 查询新创建的NAT网关。
- 删除NAT网关。
- 删除vSwitch。
- 删除VPC。
操作步骤
- 在下载的SDK目录中,打开aliyun-openapi-python-sdk-examples\sdk_examples\examples\natgw文件夹。
- 使用编辑器打开natgw_quick_start.py文件,根据实际情况配置相关参数,保存退出。完整代码示例如下:
#encoding=utf-8 import sys import json import time from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredClient from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException, ClientException from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import CreateNatGatewayRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DeleteNatGatewayRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DescribeNatGatewaysRequest from sdk_lib.sdk_vpc import Vpc from sdk_lib.sdk_vswitch import VSwitch from sdk_lib.common_util import CommonUtil from sdk_lib.check_status import CheckStatus from sdk_lib.exception import ExceptionHandler from sdk_lib.consts import * # 阿里云账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限,建议您使用RAM用户进行API访问或日常运维。 # 强烈建议不要把AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret保存到工程代码里,否则可能导致AccessKey泄露,威胁您账号下所有资源的安全。 # 本示例通过阿里云Credentials工具从环境变量中读取AccessKey,来实现API访问的身份验证。如何配置环境变量,请参见https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/alibaba-cloud-sdk-262060/latest/configure-credentials-378659。 cred = CredClient() access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id() access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret() # 创建AcsClient实例 client = AcsClient(access_key_id, access_key_secret, '<your-region-id>') class NatGateway(object): def __init__(self, client): self.client = client def create_nat_gateway(self, params): """ create_nat_gateway: 创建nat gateway """ try: request = CreateNatGatewayRequest.CreateNatGatewayRequest() request.set_VpcId(params['vpc_id']) response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) # 判断Nat Gateway状态是否可用 if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME, self.describe_nat_gateway_status, AVAILABLE, response_json['NatGatewayId']): return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def describe_nat_gateway(self, nat_gateway_id): """ describe_nat_gateway: 查询指定地域已创建的Nat Gateway的信息 """ try: request = DescribeNatGatewaysRequest.DescribeNatGatewaysRequest() request.set_NatGatewayId(nat_gateway_id) response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def delete_nat_gateway(self, params): """ delete_nat_gateway: 删除Nat Gateway """ try: request = DeleteNatGatewayRequest.DeleteNatGatewayRequest() request.set_NatGatewayId(params['nat_gateway_id']) response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) # 判断Nat Gateway状态是否可用 if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME * 5, self.describe_nat_gateway_status, '', params['nat_gateway_id']): return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def describe_nat_gateway_status(self, nat_gateway_id): """ describe_nat_gateway_status: 查询指定地域已创建的Nat Gateway的状态 """ response = self.describe_nat_gateway(nat_gateway_id) if len(response["NatGateways"]["NatGateway"]) == 0: return '' return response["NatGateways"]["NatGateway"][0]['Status'] def main(): vpc = Vpc(client) vswitch = VSwitch(client) nat_gateway = NatGateway(client) params = {} # 创建VPC vpc_json = vpc.create_vpc() CommonUtil.log("create_vpc", vpc_json) # 创建VSwitch params['vpc_id'] = vpc_json['VpcId'] params['zone_id'] = "cn-shanghai-a" params['cidr_block'] = "172.16.1.0/24" vswitch_json = vswitch.create_vswitch(params) CommonUtil.log("create_vswitch", vswitch_json) # 创建Nat Gateway nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.create_nat_gateway(params) CommonUtil.log("create_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json) # 查询Nat Gateway params['nat_gateway_id'] = nat_gateway_json['NatGatewayId'] nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.describe_nat_gateway(params['nat_gateway_id']) CommonUtil.log("describe_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json) # 删除Nat Gateway nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.delete_nat_gateway(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json) # 删除VSwitch params['vswitch_id'] = vswitch_json['VSwitchId'] vswitch_json = vswitch.delete_vswitch(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_vswitch", vswitch_json) # 删除VPC vpc_json = vpc.delete_vpc(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_vpc", vpc_json) if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main())
- 进入natgw_quick_start.py所在的目录,执行如下命令,创建NAT网关。
python natgw_quick_start.py
执行结果
系统回显结果如下:
---------------------------create_vpc---------------------------
{
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxaz****",
"RouteTableId": "vtb-uf6wzp25d8lkb****",
"VRouterId": "vrt-uf6di7voecmyq****",
"VpcId": "vpc-uf63cqupghmk1****",
"RequestId": "97D36E19-F789-424F-A473-660D63EF8CF9"
}
---------------------------create_vswitch---------------------------
{
"VSwitchId": "vsw-uf6fovepnk4****",
"RequestId": "18DA0E81-34A6-4877-9771-E2C4EEEBADD1"
}
---------------------------create_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
"NatGatewayId": "ngw-uf6mfrcmzktst****",
"BandwidthPackageIds": {
"BandwidthPackageId": []
},
"ForwardTableIds": {
"ForwardTableId": [
"ftb-uf6411str8n9s****"
]
},
"RequestId": "B1F791C8-73B1-46C5-8A20-726A615BC627",
"SnatTableIds": {
"SnatTableId": [
"stb-uf6t4eijvq3ae****"
]
}
}
---------------------------describe_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
"TotalCount": 1,
"PageNumber": 1,
"RequestId": "1F9303B1-4024-4A92-B67E-FB6BE1DC76D1",
"PageSize": 10,
"NatGateways": {
"NatGateway": [
{
"Status": "Available",
"BandwidthPackageIds": {
"BandwidthPackageId": []
},
"VpcId": "vpc-uf63cqupghmk1****",
"Description": "",
"ForwardTableIds": {
"ForwardTableId": [
"ftb-uf6411str8n9s****"
]
},
"IpLists": {
"IpList": []
},
"BusinessStatus": "Normal",
"RegionId": "cn-shanghai",
"CreationTime": "2019-04-24T09:09:12Z",
"NatGatewayId": "ngw-uf6mfrcmzktst****",
"SnatTableIds": {
"SnatTableId": [
"stb-uf6t4eijvq3ae****"
]
},
"AutoPay": false,
"InstanceChargeType": "PostPaid",
"ExpiredTime": "",
"Spec": "Small",
"Name": ""
}
]
}
}
---------------------------delete_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "A0B71FE4-4756-4D91-899E-1DFA52D8615E"
}
---------------------------delete_vswitch---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "F224307E-3DE4-4415-AE19-DDCF24695462"
}
---------------------------delete_vpc---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "1BFFCBC3-7F83-436C-96E9-CA4A620072DA"
}