Object Storage Service:Manajemen siklus hidup (Go SDK V2)

Latar Belakang

Di OSS, tidak semua data yang diunggah memerlukan akses yang sering. Namun, beberapa data harus disimpan dalam cold storage untuk kepatuhan atau tujuan arsip. Berdasarkan kebutuhan bisnis Anda, Anda dapat memilih dari opsi berikut:

1. Aturan siklus hidup berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhir: Aturan ini dapat digunakan untuk menghapus data yang tidak dimodifikasi dalam jangka waktu lama dan tidak lagi diperlukan, atau memindahkannya ke kelas penyimpanan dingin guna mengosongkan ruang penyimpanan.

2. Aturan siklus hidup berdasarkan waktu akses terakhir: Aturan ini memungkinkan OSS secara otomatis memantau pola akses data. OSS mengidentifikasi data yang jarang diakses dan memindahkannya ke kelas penyimpanan dingin yang lebih hemat biaya, sehingga membantu Anda melakukan tiering data dan mengurangi biaya penyimpanan.

Catatan

• Sebelum mengonfigurasi aturan siklus hidup berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhir atau waktu akses terakhir, pastikan Anda memahami fitur ini. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Lifecycle rules based on the last modified time dan Lifecycle rules based on the last access time.

• Kode contoh dalam topik ini menggunakan wilayah China (Hangzhou) (cn-hangzhou) sebagai contoh. Secara default, titik akhir publik digunakan. Jika Anda mengakses OSS dari layanan Alibaba Cloud lainnya di wilayah yang sama, gunakan titik akhir internal. Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang wilayah dan titik akhir OSS, lihat Regions and endpoints.

• Kode contoh menunjukkan cara memperoleh kredensial akses dari variabel lingkungan. Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang cara mengonfigurasi kredensial akses, lihat Configure access credentials.

• Menetapkan aturan siklus hidup memerlukan izin oss:PutBucketLifecycle. Melihat aturan siklus hidup memerlukan izin oss:GetBucketLifecycle. Menghapus semua aturan siklus hidup untuk sebuah bucket memerlukan izin oss:DeleteBucketLifecycle. Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang cara memberikan izin, lihat Grant custom permission policies to RAM users.

Tetapkan aturan siklus hidup

Kode berikut menunjukkan cara menetapkan aturan siklus hidup berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhir dan waktu akses terakhir. Setelah menetapkan aturan tersebut, jika ingin memodifikasi satu atau beberapa aturan, lihat How do I modify one or more lifecycle rule configurations?.

Transisi objek berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhir

Kode berikut menunjukkan cara menetapkan aturan siklus hidup yang memindahkan objek ke kelas penyimpanan berbeda berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhirnya.

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
)

// Define global variables.
var (
	region     string // The region where the bucket is located.
	bucketName string // The name of the bucket.
)

// The init function initializes command-line arguments.
func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the bucket.")
}

func main() {
	// Parse command-line arguments.
	flag.Parse()

	// Check if the bucket name is provided.
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	// Check if the region is provided.
	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	// Load the default configuration, and set the credentials provider and region.
	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region)

	// Create an OSS client.
	client := oss.NewClient(cfg)

	// Create a request to set lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	request := &oss.PutBucketLifecycleRequest{
		Bucket: oss.Ptr(bucketName), // The name of the bucket.
		LifecycleConfiguration: &oss.LifecycleConfiguration{
			Rules: []oss.LifecycleRule{
				{
					// Specify lifecycle rule "rule1".
					// This rule transitions objects with the prefix "foo/" and the tag {k1: v1}
					// to the Infrequent Access (IA) storage class 30 days after they are last modified.
					Status: oss.Ptr("Enabled"),
					ID:     oss.Ptr("rule1"),
					Prefix: oss.Ptr("foo/"),
					Transitions: []oss.LifecycleRuleTransition{
						{
							Days:         oss.Ptr(int32(30)),
							StorageClass: oss.StorageClassIA,
							IsAccessTime: oss.Ptr(false), // Set to false for a rule based on last modified time.
						},
					},
					Tags: []oss.Tag{
						{
							Key:   oss.Ptr("k1"),
							Value: oss.Ptr("v1"),
						},
					},
				},
				{
					// Specify lifecycle rule "rule2". This rule applies to objects with the prefix "dir/".
					// It automatically removes expired object delete markers, deletes non-current versions after 30 days,
					// and transitions non-current versions to the IA storage class 10 days after they become non-current.
					ID:     oss.Ptr("rule2"),
					Prefix: oss.Ptr("dir/"),
					Status: oss.Ptr("Enabled"),
					Expiration: &oss.LifecycleRuleExpiration{
						Days:                      oss.Ptr(int32(10)),
						ExpiredObjectDeleteMarker: oss.Ptr(true),
					},
					NoncurrentVersionExpiration: &oss.NoncurrentVersionExpiration{
						NoncurrentDays: oss.Ptr(int32(30)),
					},
					NoncurrentVersionTransitions: []oss.NoncurrentVersionTransition{{
						NoncurrentDays: oss.Ptr(int32(10)),
						StorageClass:   oss.StorageClassIA,
						IsAccessTime:   oss.Ptr(false), // Set to false for a rule based on last modified time.
					}},
				},
			},
		},
	}

	// Set the lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	result, err := client.PutBucketLifecycle(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to put bucket lifecycle %v", err)
	}

	// Print the result of setting the lifecycle rules.
	log.Printf("put bucket lifecycle result:%#v\n", result)
}

Filter objek berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhir

Kode berikut menunjukkan cara membuat aturan siklus hidup berdasarkan waktu modifikasi terakhir. Aturan ini berlaku untuk objek dalam bucket dengan awalan logs/ dan ukuran antara 500 hingga 1.000 byte. Aturan ini memindahkan objek tersebut ke kelas penyimpanan Akses Jarang (IA) 30 hari setelah waktu modifikasi terakhirnya, tetapi mengecualikan objek yang juga memiliki awalan logs/log dan tag {key1: value1}.

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
)

// Define global variables.
var (
	region     string // The region where the bucket is located.
	bucketName string // The name of the bucket.
)

// The init function initializes command-line arguments.
func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the bucket.")
}

func main() {
	// Parse command-line arguments.
	flag.Parse()

	// Check if the bucket name is provided.
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	// Check if the region is provided.
	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	// Load the default configuration, and set the credentials provider and region.
	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region)

	// Create an OSS client.
	client := oss.NewClient(cfg)

	// Create a request to set lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	request := &oss.PutBucketLifecycleRequest{
		Bucket: oss.Ptr(bucketName),
		LifecycleConfiguration: &oss.LifecycleConfiguration{
			Rules: []oss.LifecycleRule{
				{
					// Specify lifecycle rule "rule1". This rule transitions objects to the IA storage class
					// 30 days after they are last modified. The rule applies to objects with the prefix "logs/",
					// sizes between 500 and 1000 bytes, but excludes those with the prefix "logs/log" and tag {key1: value1}.
					ID:     oss.Ptr("rule1"),
					Status: oss.Ptr("Enabled"),
					Prefix: oss.Ptr("logs/"),
					Transitions: []oss.LifecycleRuleTransition{
						{
							Days:         oss.Ptr(int32(30)),
							StorageClass: oss.StorageClassIA,
							IsAccessTime: oss.Ptr(false), // Set to false for a rule based on last modified time.
						},
					},
					Filter: &oss.LifecycleRuleFilter{
						ObjectSizeGreaterThan: oss.Ptr(int64(500)),
						ObjectSizeLessThan:    oss.Ptr(int64(1000)),
						Nots: []oss.LifecycleRuleNot{
							{
								Prefix: oss.Ptr("logs/log"),
								Tag: &oss.Tag{
									Key:   oss.Ptr("key1"),
									Value: oss.Ptr("value1"),
								},
							},
						},
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}

	// Set the lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	result, err := client.PutBucketLifecycle(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to put bucket lifecycle %v", err)
	}

	// Print the result of setting the lifecycle rules.
	log.Printf("put bucket lifecycle result:%#v\n", result)
}

Transisi objek berdasarkan waktu akses terakhir

Kode berikut menunjukkan cara menetapkan aturan siklus hidup yang memindahkan objek ke kelas penyimpanan berbeda berdasarkan waktu akses terakhirnya.

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
)

// Define global variables.
var (
	region     string // The region where the bucket is located.
	bucketName string // The name of the bucket.
)

// The init function initializes command-line arguments.
func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the bucket.")
}

func main() {
	// Parse command-line arguments.
	flag.Parse()

	// Check if the bucket name is provided.
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	// Check if the region is provided.
	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	// Load the default configuration, and set the credentials provider and region.
	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region)

	// Create an OSS client.
	client := oss.NewClient(cfg)

	// Create a request to set lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	request := &oss.PutBucketLifecycleRequest{
		Bucket: oss.Ptr(bucketName), // The name of the bucket.
		LifecycleConfiguration: &oss.LifecycleConfiguration{
			Rules: []oss.LifecycleRule{
				{
					// In lifecycle rule "rule1", transition all objects with the prefix "data/"
					// to the Infrequent Access (IA) storage class 200 days after they are last accessed.
					// When these objects are accessed again, they remain in the IA storage class.
					ID:     oss.Ptr("rule1"),
					Status: oss.Ptr("Enabled"),
					Prefix: oss.Ptr("data/"),
					Transitions: []oss.LifecycleRuleTransition{
						{
							Days:                 oss.Ptr(int32(200)),
							StorageClass:         oss.StorageClassIA,
							IsAccessTime:         oss.Ptr(true), // Set to true for a rule based on last access time.
							ReturnToStdWhenVisit: oss.Ptr(false),
						},
					},
				},
				{
					// In lifecycle rule "rule2", transition all objects with the prefix "log/"
					// to the Infrequent Access (IA) storage class 120 days after they are last accessed.
					// In the same rule, transition these objects to the Archive storage class 250 days after they are last accessed.
					// When these objects are accessed again, they remain in their current storage class.
					ID:     oss.Ptr("rule2"),
					Status: oss.Ptr("Enabled"),
					Prefix: oss.Ptr("log/"),
					Transitions: []oss.LifecycleRuleTransition{
						{
							Days:                 oss.Ptr(int32(120)),
							StorageClass:         oss.StorageClassIA,
							IsAccessTime:         oss.Ptr(true), // Set to true for a rule based on last access time.
							ReturnToStdWhenVisit: oss.Ptr(false),
						},
						{
							Days:                 oss.Ptr(int32(250)),
							StorageClass:         oss.StorageClassArchive,
							IsAccessTime:         oss.Ptr(true),
							ReturnToStdWhenVisit: oss.Ptr(false),
						},
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}

	// Set the lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	result, err := client.PutBucketLifecycle(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to put bucket lifecycle %v", err)
	}

	// Print the result of setting the lifecycle rules.
	log.Printf("put bucket lifecycle result:%#v\n", result)
}

Lihat aturan siklus hidup

Kode berikut menunjukkan cara melihat aturan siklus hidup sebuah bucket.

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
)

// Define global variables.
var (
	region     string // The region where the bucket is located.
	bucketName string // The name of the bucket.
)

// The init function initializes command-line arguments.
func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the bucket.")
}

func main() {
	// Parse command-line arguments.
	flag.Parse()

	// Check if the bucket name is provided.
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	// Check if the region is provided.
	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	// Load the default configuration, and set the credentials provider and region.
	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region)

	// Create an OSS client.
	client := oss.NewClient(cfg)

	// Create a request to get the lifecycle configuration for the bucket.
	request := &oss.GetBucketLifecycleRequest{
		Bucket: oss.Ptr(bucketName), // The name of the bucket.
	}

	// Get the lifecycle configuration and handle the result.
	result, err := client.GetBucketLifecycle(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to get bucket lifecycle %v", err)
	}

	// Print the information contained in the lifecycle rules.
	for _, rule := range result.LifecycleConfiguration.Rules {
		fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Id:", rule.ID)
		fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Prefix:", rule.Prefix)
		fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Status:", rule.Status)
		if rule.Expiration != nil {
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Expiration Days:", rule.Expiration.Days)
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Expiration Created Before Date:", rule.Expiration.CreatedBeforeDate)
			if rule.Expiration.ExpiredObjectDeleteMarker != nil {
				fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Expiration Expired Object DeleteMarker:", *rule.Expiration.ExpiredObjectDeleteMarker)
			}
		}

		for _, tag := range rule.Tags {
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Tag Key:", tag.Key)
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Tag Value:", tag.Value)
		}

		for _, transition := range rule.Transitions {
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Transition Days:", transition.Days)
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Transition Created Before Date:", transition.CreatedBeforeDate)
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Transition Storage Class:", transition.StorageClass)
			if transition.IsAccessTime != nil {
				fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Transition Is Access Time:", *transition.IsAccessTime)
			}
			if transition.ReturnToStdWhenVisit != nil {
				fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Transition Return To Std When Visit:", *transition.ReturnToStdWhenVisit)
			}

			if transition.AllowSmallFile != nil {
				fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Transition Allow Small File:", *transition.AllowSmallFile)
			}

		}
		if rule.AbortMultipartUpload != nil {
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Abort Multipart Upload Days:", rule.AbortMultipartUpload.Days)
			fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Abort Multipart Upload Created Before Date:", rule.AbortMultipartUpload.CreatedBeforeDate)
		}

		if rule.NoncurrentVersionTransitions != nil {
			for _, nonVersionTransition := range rule.NoncurrentVersionTransitions {
				fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Non Version Transitions Non current Days:", nonVersionTransition.NoncurrentDays)
				fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Non Version Transition Storage Class:", nonVersionTransition.StorageClass)
				if nonVersionTransition.IsAccessTime != nil {
					fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Non Version Transition Is Access Time:", *nonVersionTransition.IsAccessTime)
				}

				if nonVersionTransition.ReturnToStdWhenVisit != nil {
					fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Non Version Transition Return To Std When Visit:", *nonVersionTransition.ReturnToStdWhenVisit)
				}

				if nonVersionTransition.AllowSmallFile != nil {
					fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Non Version Allow Small File:", *nonVersionTransition.AllowSmallFile)
				}

				if rule.Filter != nil {
					if rule.Filter.ObjectSizeGreaterThan != nil {
						fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Filter Object Size Greater Than:", *rule.Filter.ObjectSizeGreaterThan)
					}
					if rule.Filter.ObjectSizeLessThan != nil {
						fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Filter Object Size Less Than:", *rule.Filter.ObjectSizeLessThan)
					}
					if len(rule.Filter.Nots) > 0 {
						for _, not := range rule.Filter.Nots {
							fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Filter Not Prefix:", not.Prefix)
							if not.Tag != nil {
								fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Filter Not Tag Key:", not.Tag.Key)
								fmt.Println("Lifecycle Rule Filter Not Tag Value:", not.Tag.Value)
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

	}
}

Hapus semua aturan siklus hidup

Kode berikut menunjukkan cara menghapus semua aturan siklus hidup untuk sebuah bucket. Untuk menghapus satu atau beberapa aturan siklus hidup tertentu, lihat How do I delete one or more lifecycle rules?.

package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"log"

	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibabacloud-oss-go-sdk-v2/oss/credentials"
)

// Define global variables.
var (
	region     string // The region where the bucket is located.
	bucketName string // The name of the bucket.
)

// The init function initializes command-line arguments.
func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&region, "region", "", "The region in which the bucket is located.")
	flag.StringVar(&bucketName, "bucket", "", "The name of the bucket.")
}

func main() {
	// Parse command-line arguments.
	flag.Parse()

	// Check if the bucket name is provided.
	if len(bucketName) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, bucket name required")
	}

	// Check if the region is provided.
	if len(region) == 0 {
		flag.PrintDefaults()
		log.Fatalf("invalid parameters, region required")
	}

	// Load the default configuration, and set the credentials provider and region.
	cfg := oss.LoadDefaultConfig().
		WithCredentialsProvider(credentials.NewEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider()).
		WithRegion(region)

	// Create an OSS client.
	client := oss.NewClient(cfg)

	// Create a request to delete all lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	request := &oss.DeleteBucketLifecycleRequest{
		Bucket: oss.Ptr(bucketName), // The name of the bucket.
	}

	// Delete all lifecycle rules for the bucket.
	result, err := client.DeleteBucketLifecycle(context.TODO(), request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to delete bucket lifecycle %v", err)
	}

	// Print the result of deleting the lifecycle rules.
	log.Printf("delete bucket lifecycle result:%#v\n", result)
}

Topik terkait

• Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang menetapkan aturan siklus hidup, lihat PutBucketLifecycle.

• Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang melihat aturan siklus hidup, lihat GetBucketLifecycle.

• Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang menghapus semua aturan siklus hidup untuk sebuah bucket, lihat DeleteBucketLifecycle.