Hologres：Ikhtisar rencana pengujian

Pengenalan TPC-H

Deskripsi berikut dikutip dari spesifikasi TPC Benchmark™ H (TPC-H):

"TPC-H adalah benchmark decision support yang terdiri atas serangkaian kueri ad-hoc berorientasi bisnis dan modifikasi data secara konkuren. Kueri serta data yang mengisi database dipilih karena relevansinya yang luas di berbagai industri. Benchmark ini menggambarkan sistem decision support yang memproses volume data besar, mengeksekusi kueri dengan kompleksitas tinggi, dan memberikan jawaban atas pertanyaan bisnis kritis."

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Spesifikasi TPC-H.

Pengenalan dataset

TPC-H adalah test set yang dikembangkan oleh Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC) untuk mensimulasikan aplikasi decision support. Benchmark ini banyak digunakan di dunia akademis dan industri untuk mengevaluasi performa teknologi decision support.

TPC-H memodelkan lingkungan produksi nyata dan mensimulasikan gudang data untuk sistem penjualan. Benchmark ini mencakup delapan tabel dengan volume data yang dapat diskalakan dari 1 GB hingga 3 TB, serta 22 kueri. Metode evaluasi utama adalah waktu respons untuk setiap kueri, yaitu durasi sejak pengiriman kueri hingga pengambilan hasil. Hasil pengujian mencerminkan kemampuan pemrosesan kueri keseluruhan sistem. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Benchmark TPC-H.

Deskripsi skenario

Catatan

Untuk mengurangi variabel yang mungkin memengaruhi hasil pengujian, buat instans baru untuk setiap pengujian. Jangan gunakan instans yang telah ditingkatkan atau diturunkan spesifikasinya.

Pengujian skenario kueri OLAP

Pengujian skenario kueri titik Key/Value

Untuk pengujian skenario kueri titik Key/Value, Anda dapat terus menggunakan database hologres_tpch dan tabel orders yang dibuat dalam pengujian skenario kueri OLAP. Langkah-langkahnya adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Buat tabel

   Karena skenario kueri titik Key/Value menggunakan tabel berorientasi baris, Anda tidak dapat langsung menggunakan tabel orders dari pengujian skenario kueri OLAP. Anda harus membuat tabel baru. Hubungkan ke Hologres menggunakan client PSQL dan jalankan perintah berikut untuk membuat tabel orders_row.

   Catatan

   Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menghubungkan ke Hologres menggunakan client PSQL, lihat Hubungkan ke Hologres untuk pengembangan.

   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS public.orders_row;
   
   BEGIN;
   CREATE TABLE public.orders_row(
       O_ORDERKEY       BIGINT         NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
       ,O_CUSTKEY       INT            NOT NULL
       ,O_ORDERSTATUS   TEXT           NOT NULL
       ,O_TOTALPRICE    DECIMAL(15,2)  NOT NULL
       ,O_ORDERDATE     TIMESTAMPTZ    NOT NULL
       ,O_ORDERPRIORITY TEXT           NOT NULL
       ,O_CLERK         TEXT           NOT NULL
       ,O_SHIPPRIORITY  INT            NOT NULL
       ,O_COMMENT       TEXT           NOT NULL
   );
   CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('public.orders_row', 'orientation', 'row');
   CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('public.orders_row', 'clustering_key', 'o_orderkey');
   CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('public.orders_row', 'distribution_key', 'o_orderkey');
   COMMIT;

2. Impor data

   Gunakan pernyataan INSERT INTO berikut untuk mengimpor data dari tabel orders dalam dataset TPC-H ke tabel orders_row.

   Catatan

   Hologres V2.1.17 dan versi yang lebih baru mendukung Serverless Computing. Untuk skenario seperti impor data offline berskala besar, pekerjaan extract, transform, and load (ETL) besar, dan kueri volume besar pada tabel eksternal, Anda dapat menggunakan Serverless Computing untuk mengeksekusi tugas-tugas tersebut. Fitur ini menggunakan sumber daya serverless tambahan alih-alih sumber daya instans Anda sendiri. Anda tidak perlu menyediakan sumber daya komputasi tambahan untuk instans Anda. Hal ini secara signifikan meningkatkan stabilitas instans, mengurangi kemungkinan error kehabisan memori (OOM), dan Anda hanya dikenai biaya untuk tugas individual tersebut. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang Serverless Computing, lihat Serverless Computing. Untuk informasi tentang cara menggunakan Serverless Computing, lihat Panduan penggunaan Serverless Computing.

   -- (Opsional) Gunakan Serverless Computing untuk melakukan impor data offline berskala besar dan pekerjaan ETL.
   SET hg_computing_resource = 'serverless';
   
   INSERT INTO public.orders_row SELECT * FROM public.orders;
   
   -- Atur ulang konfigurasi untuk memastikan bahwa pernyataan SQL yang tidak perlu tidak menggunakan sumber daya serverless.
   RESET hg_computing_resource;

3. Jalankan kueri

   1. Hasilkan pernyataan kueri.

      Skenario kueri titik Key/Value memiliki dua jenis kueri utama. Pernyataan kuerinya adalah sebagai berikut:

      Metode kueri	Pernyataan kueri	Deskripsi
      Filter nilai tunggal	SELECT column_a ,column_b ,... ,column_x FROM table_x WHERE pk = value_x ;	Pernyataan kueri ini digunakan untuk filtering nilai tunggal, di mana klausa WHERE pada pernyataan SQL memiliki nilai unik.
      Filter multi-nilai	SELECT column_a ,column_b ,... ,column_x FROM table_x WHERE pk IN ( value_a, value_b,..., value_x ) ;	Pernyataan kueri ini digunakan untuk filtering multi-nilai, di mana klausa WHERE pada pernyataan SQL dapat memiliki beberapa nilai.

      Gunakan skrip berikut untuk menghasilkan pernyataan SQL yang diperlukan.

      rm -rf kv_query
      mkdir kv_query
      cd kv_query
      echo "
      \set column_values random(1,99999999)
      select O_ORDERKEY,O_CUSTKEY,O_ORDERSTATUS,O_TOTALPRICE,O_ORDERDATE,O_ORDERPRIORITY,O_CLERK,O_SHIPPRIORITY,O_COMMENT from public.orders_row WHERE o_orderkey =:column_values;
      " >> kv_query_single.sql
      echo "
      \set column_values1 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values2 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values3 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values4 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values5 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values6 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values7 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values8 random(1,99999999)
      \set column_values9 random(1,99999999)
      select O_ORDERKEY,O_CUSTKEY,O_ORDERSTATUS,O_TOTALPRICE,O_ORDERDATE,O_ORDERPRIORITY,O_CLERK,O_SHIPPRIORITY,O_COMMENT from public.orders_row WHERE o_orderkey in(:column_values1,:column_values2,:column_values3,:column_values4,:column_values5,:column_values6,:column_values7,:column_values8,:column_values9);
      " >> kv_query_in.sql

      Setelah skrip dijalankan, dua file SQL dihasilkan:

      • kv_query_single.sql: SQL untuk filtering nilai tunggal.

      • kv_query_in.sql: SQL untuk filtering multi-nilai. Skrip ini menghasilkan secara acak pernyataan SQL yang memfilter 10 nilai.

   2. Untuk memudahkan pengumpulan statistik kueri, gunakan tool pgbench. Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menginstal tool pgbench.

      yum install postgresql-contrib -y

      Untuk menghindari masalah pengujian akibat ketidakcocokan tool, instal pgbench versi 13 atau yang lebih baru. Jika Anda sudah menginstal tool pgbench, pastikan versinya 9.6 atau yang lebih baru. Jalankan perintah berikut untuk memeriksa versi tool saat ini.

      pgbench --version

   3. Jalankan pernyataan pengujian.

      Catatan

      Jalankan perintah berikut di direktori tempat pernyataan kueri dihasilkan.

      • Untuk skenario filtering nilai tunggal, gunakan tool pgbench untuk uji stres.

        PGUSER=<AccessKey_ID> PGPASSWORD=<AccessKey_Secret> PGDATABASE=<Database> pgbench -h <Endpoint> -p <Port> -c <Client_Num> -T <Query_Seconds> -M prepared -n -f kv_query_single.sql

      • Untuk skenario filtering multi-nilai, gunakan tool pgbench untuk uji stres.

        PGUSER=<AccessKey_ID> PGPASSWORD=<AccessKey_Secret> PGDATABASE=<Database> pgbench -h <Endpoint> -p <Port> -c <Client_Num> -T <Query_Seconds> -M prepared -n -f kv_query_in.sql

      Tabel berikut menjelaskan parameter-parameternya.

      Parameter	Deskripsi
      AccessKey_ID	ID AccessKey Akun Alibaba Cloud Anda. Klik Manajemen AccessKey untuk mendapatkan ID AccessKey.
      AccessKey_Secret	Rahasia AccessKey Akun Alibaba Cloud Anda. Klik Manajemen AccessKey untuk mendapatkan Rahasia AccessKey.
      Database	Nama database Hologres. Setelah Anda mengaktifkan instans Hologres, sistem secara otomatis membuat database postgres. Anda dapat menggunakan database postgres untuk menghubungkan ke Hologres. Namun, database ini dialokasikan sedikit sumber daya. Untuk pengembangan bisnis, buat database baru. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Buat database.
      Endpoint	Alamat jaringan (Endpoint) instans Hologres. Buka halaman detail instans di Konsol Hologres dan dapatkan alamat jaringan dari bagian Network Information.
      Port	Port jaringan instans Hologres. Buka halaman Instance Details di Konsol Hologres untuk mendapatkan port jaringan.
      Client_Num	Jumlah klien, yaitu konkurensi. Contohnya, pengujian ini hanya mengevaluasi performa kueri, bukan konkurensi. Atur konkurensi ke 1.
      Query_Seconds	Durasi uji stres (dalam detik) untuk setiap kueri yang dijalankan oleh setiap klien. Misalnya, parameter ini diatur ke 300 dalam topik ini.

Skenario pembaruan data

Skenario ini menguji performa pembaruan data engine OLAP ketika primary key tersedia dan performa pembaruan seluruh baris ketika terjadi konflik primary key.

• Hasilkan kueri

  echo "
  \set O_ORDERKEY random(1,99999999)
  INSERT INTO public.orders_row(o_orderkey,o_custkey,o_orderstatus,o_totalprice,o_orderdate,o_orderpriority,o_clerk,o_shippriority,o_comment) VALUES (:O_ORDERKEY,1,'demo',1.1,'2021-01-01','demo','demo',1,'demo') on conflict(o_orderkey) do update set (o_orderkey,o_custkey,o_orderstatus,o_totalprice,o_orderdate,o_orderpriority,o_clerk,o_shippriority,o_comment)= ROW(excluded.*);
  " > /root/insert_on_conflict.sql

• Insert dan update. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang parameter, lihat Deskripsi parameter.

  PGUSER=<AccessKey_ID> PGPASSWORD=<AccessKey_Secret> PGDATABASE=<Database> pgbench -h <Endpoint> -p <Port> -c <Client_Num> -T <Query_Seconds> -M prepared -n -f /root/insert_on_conflict.sql

• Contoh hasil

  transaction type: Custom query
  scaling factor: 1
  query mode: prepared
  number of clients: 249
  number of threads: 1
  duration: 60 s
  number of transactions actually processed: 1923038
  tps = 32005.850214 (including connections establishing)
  tps = 36403.145722 (excluding connections establishing)

Skenario penulisan real-time Flink

Skenario ini menguji kemampuan penulisan data real-time.

• Hologres DDL

  Dalam skenario ini, tabel Hologres memiliki 10 kolom, dan kolom key adalah primary key. Hologres DDL-nya adalah sebagai berikut.

  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS flink_insert;
  
  BEGIN ;
  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS flink_insert(
    key INT PRIMARY KEY
    ,value1 TEXT
    ,value2 TEXT
    ,value3 TEXT
    ,value4 TEXT
    ,value5 TEXT
    ,value6 TEXT
    ,value7 TEXT
    ,value8 TEXT
    ,value9 TEXT
  );
  CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('flink_insert', 'orientation', 'row');
  CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('flink_insert', 'clustering_key', 'key');
  CALL SET_TABLE_PROPERTY('flink_insert', 'distribution_key', 'key');
  COMMIT;

• Skrip pekerjaan Flink

  Gunakan penghasil angka acak yang tersedia di Flink yang sepenuhnya dikelola untuk menulis data ke Hologres. Jika terjadi konflik primary key, seluruh baris diperbarui. Volume data satu baris melebihi 512 B. Skrip pekerjaan Flink adalah sebagai berikut.

  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE flink_case_1_source (
      key INT,
      value1 VARCHAR,
      value2 VARCHAR,
      value3 VARCHAR,
      value4 VARCHAR,
      value5 VARCHAR,
      value6 VARCHAR,
      value7 VARCHAR,
      value8 VARCHAR,
      value9 VARCHAR
    )
  WITH (
      'connector' = 'datagen',
       -- optional options --
      'rows-per-second' = '1000000000',
      'fields.key.min'='1',
      'fields.key.max'='2147483647',
      'fields.value1.length' = '57',
      'fields.value2.length' = '57',
      'fields.value3.length' = '57',
      'fields.value4.length' = '57',
      'fields.value5.length' = '57',
      'fields.value6.length' = '57',
      'fields.value7.length' = '57',
      'fields.value8.length' = '57',
      'fields.value9.length' = '57'
    );
  
  -- Create a Hologres sink table.
  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE flink_case_1_sink (
      key INT,
      value1 VARCHAR,
      value2 VARCHAR,
      value3 VARCHAR,
      value4 VARCHAR,
      value5 VARCHAR,
      value6 VARCHAR,
      value7 VARCHAR,
      value8 VARCHAR,
      value9 VARCHAR
    )
  WITH (
      'connector' = 'hologres',
      'dbname'='<yourDbname>',  --The name of the Hologres database.
      'tablename'='<yourTablename>',  --The name of the Hologres table that receives data.
      'username'='<yourUsername>',  --The AccessKey ID of your Alibaba Cloud account.
      'password'='<yourPassword>',  --The AccessKey secret of your Alibaba Cloud account.
      'endpoint'='<yourEndpoint>',  --The VPC endpoint of the Hologres instance.
      'connectionSize' = '10',  --The default value is 3.
      'jdbcWriteBatchSize' = '1024',  --The default value is 256.
      'jdbcWriteBatchByteSize' = '2147483647',  --The default value is 20971520.
      'mutatetype'='insertorreplace'  --Inserts data or replaces an entire existing row.
    );
  
  -- Perform ETL operations and write data.
  insert into flink_case_1_sink
  select key,
    value1,
    value2,
    value3,
    value4,
    value5,
    value6,
    value7,
    value8,
    value9
  from
    flink_case_1_source
  ;

  Untuk deskripsi parameter, lihat Tabel sink Hologres.

• Contoh hasil

  Di halaman Monitoring Information di konsol Hologres, Anda dapat melihat nilai RPS.

22 Pernyataan kueri TPC-H

• Q1

  select
          l_returnflag,
          l_linestatus,
          sum(l_quantity) as sum_qty,
          sum(l_extendedprice) as sum_base_price,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as sum_disc_price,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) * (1 + l_tax)) as sum_charge,
          avg(l_quantity) as avg_qty,
          avg(l_extendedprice) as avg_price,
          avg(l_discount) as avg_disc,
          count(*) as count_order
  from
          lineitem
  where
          l_shipdate <= date '1998-12-01' - interval '120' day
  group by
          l_returnflag,
          l_linestatus
  order by
          l_returnflag,
          l_linestatus;

• Q2

  select
          s_acctbal,
          s_name,
          n_name,
          p_partkey,
          p_mfgr,
          s_address,
          s_phone,
          s_comment
  from
          part,
          supplier,
          partsupp,
          nation,
          region
  where
          p_partkey = ps_partkey
          and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
          and p_size = 48
          and p_type like '%STEEL'
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
          and r_name = 'EUROPE'
          and ps_supplycost = (
                  select
                          min(ps_supplycost)
                  from
                          partsupp,
                          supplier,
                          nation,
                          region
                  where
                          p_partkey = ps_partkey
                          and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
                          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
                          and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
                          and r_name = 'EUROPE'
          )
  order by
          s_acctbal desc,
          n_name,
          s_name,
          p_partkey
  limit 100;

• Q3

  select
          l_orderkey,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue,
          o_orderdate,
          o_shippriority
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem
  where
          c_mktsegment = 'MACHINERY'
          and c_custkey = o_custkey
          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
          and o_orderdate < date '1995-03-23'
          and l_shipdate > date '1995-03-23'
  group by
          l_orderkey,
          o_orderdate,
          o_shippriority
  order by
          revenue desc,
          o_orderdate
  limit 10;

• Q4

  select
          o_orderpriority,
          count(*) as order_count
  from
          orders
  where
          o_orderdate >= date '1996-07-01'
          and o_orderdate < date '1996-07-01' + interval '3' month
          and exists (
                  select
                          *
                  from
                          lineitem
                  where
                          l_orderkey = o_orderkey
                          and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
          )
  group by
          o_orderpriority
  order by
          o_orderpriority;

• Q5

  select
          n_name,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem,
          supplier,
          nation,
          region
  where
          c_custkey = o_custkey
          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
          and l_suppkey = s_suppkey
          and c_nationkey = s_nationkey
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
          and r_name = 'EUROPE'
          and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01'
          and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1' year
  group by
          n_name
  order by
          revenue desc;

• Q6

  select
          sum(l_extendedprice * l_discount) as revenue
  from
          lineitem
  where
          l_shipdate >= date '1996-01-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1' year
          and l_discount between 0.02 - 0.01 and 0.02 + 0.01
          and l_quantity < 24;

• Q7

  select
          supp_nation,
          cust_nation,
          l_year,
          sum(volume) as revenue
  from
          (
                  select
                          n1.n_name as supp_nation,
                          n2.n_name as cust_nation,
                          extract(year from l_shipdate) as l_year,
                          l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume
                  from
                          supplier,
                          lineitem,
                          orders,
                          customer,
                          nation n1,
                          nation n2
                  where
                          s_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
                          and c_custkey = o_custkey
                          and s_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
                          and c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
                          and (
                                  (n1.n_name = 'CANADA' and n2.n_name = 'BRAZIL')
                                  or (n1.n_name = 'BRAZIL' and n2.n_name = 'CANADA')
                          )
                          and l_shipdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
          ) as shipping
  group by
          supp_nation,
          cust_nation,
          l_year
  order by
          supp_nation,
          cust_nation,
          l_year;

• Q8

  select
          o_year,
          sum(case
                  when nation = 'BRAZIL' then volume
                  else 0
          end) / sum(volume) as mkt_share
  from
          (
                  select
                          extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
                          l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume,
                          n2.n_name as nation
                  from
                          part,
                          supplier,
                          lineitem,
                          orders,
                          customer,
                          nation n1,
                          nation n2,
                          region
                  where
                          p_partkey = l_partkey
                          and s_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
                          and o_custkey = c_custkey
                          and c_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
                          and n1.n_regionkey = r_regionkey
                          and r_name = 'AMERICA'
                          and s_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
                          and o_orderdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
                          and p_type = 'LARGE ANODIZED COPPER'
          ) as all_nations
  group by
          o_year
  order by
          o_year;

• Q9

  select
          nation,
          o_year,
          sum(amount) as sum_profit
  from
          (
                  select
                          n_name as nation,
                          extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
                          l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost * l_quantity as amount
                  from
                          part,
                          supplier,
                          lineitem,
                          partsupp,
                          orders,
                          nation
                  where
                          s_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
                          and ps_partkey = l_partkey
                          and p_partkey = l_partkey
                          and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
                          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
                          and p_name like '%maroon%'
          ) as profit
  group by
          nation,
          o_year
  order by
          nation,
          o_year desc;

• Q10

  select
          c_custkey,
          c_name,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue,
          c_acctbal,
          n_name,
          c_address,
          c_phone,
          c_comment
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem,
          nation
  where
          c_custkey = o_custkey
          and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
          and o_orderdate >= date '1993-02-01'
          and o_orderdate < date '1993-02-01' + interval '3' month
          and l_returnflag = 'R'
          and c_nationkey = n_nationkey
  group by
          c_custkey,
          c_name,
          c_acctbal,
          c_phone,
          n_name,
          c_address,
          c_comment
  order by
          revenue desc
  limit 20;

• Q11

  select
          ps_partkey,
          sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) as value
  from
          partsupp,
          supplier,
          nation
  where
          ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_name = 'EGYPT'
  group by
          ps_partkey having
                  sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) > (
                          select
                                  sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) * 0.0001000000
                          from
                                  partsupp,
                                  supplier,
                                  nation
                          where
                                  ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
                                  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
                                  and n_name = 'EGYPT'
                  )
  order by
          value desc;

• Q12

  select
          l_shipmode,
          sum(case
                  when o_orderpriority = '1-URGENT'
                          or o_orderpriority = '2-HIGH'
                          then 1
                  else 0
          end) as high_line_count,
          sum(case
                  when o_orderpriority <> '1-URGENT'
                          and o_orderpriority <> '2-HIGH'
                          then 1
                  else 0
          end) as low_line_count
  from
          orders,
          lineitem
  where
          o_orderkey = l_orderkey
          and l_shipmode in ('FOB', 'AIR')
          and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
          and l_shipdate < l_commitdate
          and l_receiptdate >= date '1997-01-01'
          and l_receiptdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1' year
  group by
          l_shipmode
  order by
          l_shipmode;

• Q13

  select
          c_count,
          count(*) as custdist
  from
          (
                  select
                          c_custkey,
                          count(o_orderkey) as c_count
                  from
                          customer left outer join orders on
                                  c_custkey = o_custkey
                                  and o_comment not like '%special%deposits%'
                  group by
                          c_custkey
          ) c_orders
  group by
          c_count
  order by
          custdist desc,
          c_count desc;

• Q14

  select
          100.00 * sum(case
                  when p_type like 'PROMO%'
                          then l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)
                  else 0
          end) / sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as promo_revenue
  from
          lineitem,
          part
  where
          l_partkey = p_partkey
          and l_shipdate >= date '1997-06-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1997-06-01' + interval '1' month;

• Q15

  with revenue0(SUPPLIER_NO, TOTAL_REVENUE)  as
      (
      select
          l_suppkey,
          sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount))
      from
          lineitem
      where
          l_shipdate >= date '1995-02-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1995-02-01' + interval '3' month
      group by
          l_suppkey
      )
  select
      s_suppkey,
      s_name,
      s_address,
      s_phone,
      total_revenue
  from
      supplier,
      revenue0
  where
      s_suppkey = supplier_no
      and total_revenue = (
          select
              max(total_revenue)
          from
              revenue0
      )
  order by
      s_suppkey;

• Q16

  select
          p_brand,
          p_type,
          p_size,
          count(distinct ps_suppkey) as supplier_cnt
  from
          partsupp,
          part
  where
          p_partkey = ps_partkey
          and p_brand <> 'Brand#45'
          and p_type not like 'SMALL ANODIZED%'
          and p_size in (47, 15, 37, 30, 46, 16, 18, 6)
          and ps_suppkey not in (
                  select
                          s_suppkey
                  from
                          supplier
                  where
                          s_comment like '%Customer%Complaints%'
          )
  group by
          p_brand,
          p_type,
          p_size
  order by
          supplier_cnt desc,
          p_brand,
          p_type,
          p_size;

• Q17

  select
          sum(l_extendedprice) / 7.0 as avg_yearly
  from
          lineitem,
          part
  where
          p_partkey = l_partkey
          and p_brand = 'Brand#51'
          and p_container = 'WRAP PACK'
          and l_quantity < (
                  select
                          0.2 * avg(l_quantity)
                  from
                          lineitem
                  where
                          l_partkey = p_partkey
          );

• Q18

  select
          c_name,
          c_custkey,
          o_orderkey,
          o_orderdate,
          o_totalprice,
          sum(l_quantity)
  from
          customer,
          orders,
          lineitem
  where
          o_orderkey in (
                  select
                          l_orderkey
                  from
                          lineitem
                  group by
                          l_orderkey having
                                  sum(l_quantity) > 312
          )
          and c_custkey = o_custkey
          and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
  group by
          c_name,
          c_custkey,
          o_orderkey,
          o_orderdate,
          o_totalprice
  order by
          o_totalprice desc,
          o_orderdate
  limit 100;

• Q19

  select
          sum(l_extendedprice* (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
  from
          lineitem,
          part
  where
          (
                  p_partkey = l_partkey
                  and p_brand = 'Brand#52'
                  and p_container in ('SM CASE', 'SM BOX', 'SM PACK', 'SM PKG')
                  and l_quantity >= 3 and l_quantity <= 3 + 10
                  and p_size between 1 and 5
                  and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
                  and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
          )
          or
          (
                  p_partkey = l_partkey
                  and p_brand = 'Brand#43'
                  and p_container in ('MED BAG', 'MED BOX', 'MED PKG', 'MED PACK')
                  and l_quantity >= 12 and l_quantity <= 12 + 10
                  and p_size between 1 and 10
                  and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
                  and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
          )
          or
          (
                  p_partkey = l_partkey
                  and p_brand = 'Brand#52'
                  and p_container in ('LG CASE', 'LG BOX', 'LG PACK', 'LG PKG')
                  and l_quantity >= 21 and l_quantity <= 21 + 10
                  and p_size between 1 and 15
                  and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
                  and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
          );

• Q20

  select
          s_name,
          s_address
  from
          supplier,
          nation
  where
          s_suppkey in (
                  select
                          ps_suppkey
                  from
                          partsupp
                  where
                          ps_partkey in (
                                  select
                                          p_partkey
                                  from
                                          part
                                  where
                                          p_name like 'drab%'
                          )
                          and ps_availqty > (
                                  select
                                          0.5 * sum(l_quantity)
                                  from
                                          lineitem
                                  where
                                          l_partkey = ps_partkey
                                          and l_suppkey = ps_suppkey
                                          and l_shipdate >= date '1996-01-01'
                                          and l_shipdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1' year
                          )
          )
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_name = 'KENYA'
  order by
          s_name;

• Q21

  select
          s_name,
          count(*) as numwait
  from
          supplier,
          lineitem l1,
          orders,
          nation
  where
          s_suppkey = l1.l_suppkey
          and o_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
          and o_orderstatus = 'F'
          and l1.l_receiptdate > l1.l_commitdate
          and exists (
                  select
                          *
                  from
                          lineitem l2
                  where
                          l2.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
                          and l2.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
          )
          and not exists (
                  select
                          *
                  from
                          lineitem l3
                  where
                          l3.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
                          and l3.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
                          and l3.l_receiptdate > l3.l_commitdate
          )
          and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
          and n_name = 'PERU'
  group by
          s_name
  order by
          numwait desc,
          s_name
  limit 100;

• Q22

  select
          cntrycode,
          count(*) as numcust,
          sum(c_acctbal) as totacctbal
  from
          (
                  select
                          substring(c_phone from 1 for 2) as cntrycode,
                          c_acctbal
                  from
                          customer
                  where
                          substring(c_phone from 1 for 2) in
                                  ('24', '32', '17', '18', '12', '14', '22')
                          and c_acctbal > (
                                  select
                                          avg(c_acctbal)
                                  from
                                          customer
                                  where
                                          c_acctbal > 0.00
                                          and substring(c_phone from 1 for 2) in
                                                  ('24', '32', '17', '18', '12', '14', '22')
                          )
                          and not exists (
                                  select
                                          *
                                  from
                                          orders
                                  where
                                          o_custkey = c_custkey
                          )
          ) as custsale
  group by
          cntrycode
  order by
          cntrycode;