Gunakan ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD untuk mengimplementasikan kontrol konkurensi adaptif - Alibaba Cloud Service Mesh

ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CustomResourceDefinition (CRD) secara dinamis menyesuaikan jumlah maksimum permintaan konkuren yang diizinkan untuk layanan berdasarkan data sampel. Jika jumlah permintaan konkuren melebihi kapasitas layanan, permintaan tambahan akan ditolak guna melindungi layanan. Topik ini menjelaskan cara menggunakan ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD untuk mengimplementasikan kontrol konkurensi adaptif.

Prasyarat

Instansi Service Mesh (ASM) versi 1.12.4.19 atau lebih baru telah dibuat. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Buat Instansi ASM.
Kluster telah ditambahkan ke instansi ASM.
Klien kubectl terhubung ke kluster. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Dapatkan File kubeconfig Kluster dan Gunakan kubectl untuk Terhubung ke Kluster.

Informasi latar belakang

Layanan perlu menolak permintaan tambahan jika beban melebihi kapasitasnya. Hal ini mencegah reaksi berantai. Anda dapat mengonfigurasi aturan tujuan pada instansi ASM untuk mengaktifkan pemutusan sirkuit dasar. Namun, sulit memperkirakan kapasitas beban layanan secara akurat dalam skenario nyata.

ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD menggunakan algoritma kontrol konkurensi adaptif untuk menyesuaikan batas konkurensi secara dinamis dengan membandingkan latensi sampel secara berkala terhadap latensi minimum yang dihitung. Permintaan tambahan yang melebihi batas akan ditolak, mengembalikan kode status HTTP 503 dengan pesan kesalahan mencapai batas konkurensi.

Selama perhitungan waktu putaran minimum (MinRTT), jumlah koneksi dibatasi oleh parameter min_concurrency. Setelah membuat ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD untuk layanan, disarankan untuk mengaktifkan fitur ulang melalui aturan tujuan agar permintaan yang ditolak selama MinRTT dapat dilayani sebanyak mungkin oleh proxy sidecar.

Langkah 1: Sebarkan aplikasi contoh

Sebarkan aplikasi testserver dan gotest. Kapasitas beban aplikasi testserver ditetapkan pada 500 permintaan konkuren. Permintaan yang melebihi batas akan dimasukkan ke antrian untuk diproses. Waktu pemrosesan setiap permintaan adalah 1.000 ms. Setiap replika aplikasi gotest memulai 200 permintaan sekaligus.

Sebarkan aplikasi testserver.

Buat file testserver.yaml dengan konten berikut:

Perluas untuk Melihat Detail

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: testserver
  name: testserver
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: testserver
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        app: testserver
    spec:
      containers:
      - args:
        - -m
        - "500"
        - -t
        - "1000"
        command:
        - /usr/local/bin/limited-concurrency-http-server
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs/asm-limited-concurrency-http-server:v0.1.1-gee0b08f-aliyun
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        name: testserver
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
          protocol: TCP

Parameter -m menentukan jumlah maksimum permintaan konkuren yang didukung. Parameter -t menentukan waktu pemrosesan setiap permintaan.

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menyebarkan aplikasi testserver:
```
kubectl apply -f testserver.yaml
```

Sebarkan Layanan bernama testserver di aplikasi testserver.

Buat file testservice.yaml dengan konten berikut:

Perluas untuk Melihat Detail

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    app: testserver
  name: testserver
  namespace: default
spec:
  internalTrafficPolicy: Cluster
  ipFamilies:
    - IPv4
  ipFamilyPolicy: SingleStack
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 8080
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 8080
    - name: metrics
      port: 15020
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 15020
  selector:
    app: testserver
  type: ClusterIP

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menyebarkan Layanan testserver:
```
kubectl apply -f testservice.yaml
```

Sebarkan aplikasi gotest.

Buat file gotest.yaml dengan konten berikut:

Perluas untuk Melihat Detail

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: gotest
  name: gotest
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 0
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: gotest
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        app: gotest
    spec:
      containers:
      - args:
        - -c
        - "200"
        - -n
        - "10000"
        - -u
        - testserver:8080
        command:
        - /root/go-stress-testing-linux
        image: xocoder/go-stress-testing-linux:v0.1
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        name: gotest
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 500m

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menyebarkan aplikasi gotest:
```
kubectl apply -f gotest.yaml
```

Langkah 2: Buat ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD

Gunakan kubectl untuk terhubung ke instansi ASM Anda. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Gunakan kubectl pada Bidang Kontrol untuk Mengakses Sumber Daya Istio.

Buat file adaptiveconcurrency.yaml dengan konten berikut:

Perluas untuk Melihat Detail

apiVersion: istio.alibabacloud.com/v1beta1
kind: ASMAdaptiveConcurrency
metadata:
    name: sample-adaptive-concurrency
    namespace: default
spec:
    workload_selector:
        labels:
            app: testserver
    sample_aggregate_percentile:
        value: 60
    concurrency_limit_params:
        max_concurrency_limit: 500
        concurrency_update_interval: 15s
    min_rtt_calc_params:
        interval: 60s
        request_count: 100
        jitter:
            value: 15
        min_concurrency: 50
        buffer:
            value: 25

Parameter	Tipe	Deskripsi	Diperlukan
workload_selector	WorkloadSelector	Pemilih beban kerja yang mendefinisikan cara memilih pod untuk digunakan.	Ya
labels	map	Label yang digunakan untuk mencocokkan pod untuk dipilih.	Ya
sample_aggregate_percentile	Percent	Percentil sampling. Permintaan disampel berdasarkan persentil ini untuk menghitung waktu putaran sampel (SampleRTT).	Ya
value	int	Nilai persentil. Nilai valid: 0 hingga 100.	Ya
concurrency_limit_params	ConcurrencyLimitParams	Konfigurasi terkait batas konkurensi.	Ya
max_concurrency_limit	int	Batas konkurensi, yaitu jumlah maksimum permintaan konkuren yang diizinkan. Nilai default: 1000.	Tidak
concurrency_update_interval	duration	Interval untuk memperbarui batas konkurensi. Contoh: 60s.	Ya
min_rtt_calc_params	MinRTTCalcParams	Konfigurasi terkait perhitungan MinRTT.	Ya
interval	duration	Interval untuk menghitung MinRTT. Contoh: 120s.	Tidak
request_count	int	Jumlah permintaan yang digunakan untuk menghitung MinRTT. Nilai default: 50.	Tidak
jitter	Percent	Persentase yang digunakan untuk menambahkan jitter acak ke interval untuk menghitung MinRTT. Misalnya, jika parameter interval diatur ke 120s dan parameter jitter diatur ke 50, interval untuk menghitung MinRTT adalah random(120, 120 + (120 × 50%)). Nilai default: 15.	Tidak
min_concurrency	int	Jumlah permintaan konkuren yang digunakan untuk menghitung MinRTT. Nilai ini juga merupakan batas konkurensi awal dari pengontrol konkurensi. Nilai parameter ini harus jauh lebih rendah daripada kapasitas beban layanan. Ini memastikan bahwa respons dikembalikan pada latensi minimum selama perhitungan MinRTT. Nilai default: 3.	Tidak
buffer	Percent	Rentang fluktuasi latensi yang tepat. Nilainya adalah persentase. Misalnya, jika fluktuasi 10% di sekitar latensi 100 ms berada dalam rentang yang masuk akal, atur parameter ini ke 10. Nilai default: 25.	Tidak

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk membuat ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD:
```
kubectl apply -f adaptiveconcurrency.yaml
```

Langkah 3: Aktifkan Managed Service for Prometheus

Untuk membantu memahami status operasi pengontrol konkurensi dan mengoptimalkan parameter, ekspor metrik terkait kontrol konkurensi adaptif ke Managed Service for Prometheus. Status operasi pengontrol konkurensi dapat dilihat di konsol Managed Service for Prometheus.

Aktifkan Managed Service for Prometheus. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Gunakan Managed Service for Prometheus.

Konfigurasikan ServiceMonitor di kluster sehingga Managed Service for Prometheus dapat memperoleh data Layanan testserver.

Buat file servicemonitor.yaml dengan konten berikut:

apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
  name: testserver-envoy-metrics
  namespace: default
spec:
  endpoints:
    - interval: 5s
      path: /stats/prometheus
      port: metrics
  namespaceSelector:
    any: true
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: testserver

Gunakan kubectl untuk terhubung ke kluster ACK berdasarkan informasi dalam file kubeconfig, lalu jalankan perintah berikut untuk membuat ServiceMonitor:
```
kubectl apply -f servicemonitor.yaml
```

Langkah 4: Verifikasi apakah ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD berlaku

Atur jumlah replika menjadi 5 untuk aplikasi gotest.
Replika aplikasi gotest memulai 200 permintaan sekaligus. Lima replika aplikasi memulai 1.000 permintaan sekaligus secara total.
1. Masuk ke Konsol ACK. Di panel navigasi sebelah kiri, klik Clusters.
2. Di halaman Clusters, temukan kluster yang ingin dikelola dan klik nama kluster atau pilih Details di kolom Actions. Halaman detail kluster akan muncul.
3. Di panel navigasi halaman detail, pilih Workloads > Deployments.
4. Di halaman Deployments, atur Namespace ke default dan pilih More > View in YAML di kolom Actions aplikasi gotest.
5. Di kotak dialog Edit YAML, atur replicas ke 5 dan klik Update.

Unggah file JSON berikut untuk mengimpor Dasbor Grafana. Status operasi pengontrol konkurensi dapat dilihat pada dasbor yang diimpor. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Dokumentasi ARMS.

Perluas untuk Melihat File JSON

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    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
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      "dashLength": 10,
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      "datasource": "test-adaptive-concurrency_1217520382582089",
      "fieldConfig": {
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        },
        "overrides": []
      },
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      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [],
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      "stack": false,
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      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "envoy_http_inbound_0_0_0_0_8080_adaptive_concurrency_gradient_controller_min_rtt_calculation_active{service=\"$service\",pod=\"$pod\"}",
          "interval": "",
          "legendFormat": "{{service}}-{{pod}}",
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      ],
      "thresholds": [],
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  "templating": {
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        "error": null,
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        "multi": false,
        "name": "cluster",
        "options": [],
        "query": "prometheus",
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      {
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        "datasource": "$cluster",
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        "name": "pod",
        "options": [],
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  },
  "time": {
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    "refresh_intervals": [
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Di dasbor, pilih kluster tempat ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD berada. Atur parameter Service ke testserver dan parameter Pod ke ALL.
Aplikasi gotest memulai 1.000 permintaan ke Layanan testserver, tetapi jumlah permintaan konkuren yang diproses oleh Layanan testserver lebih rendah dari 500. Ini menunjukkan bahwa ASMAdaptiveConcurrency CRD berlaku.