In RDS for MySQL, the maximum size of a single table is slightly less than 16 TB. This limit comes from the operating system's file size constraint—not from MySQL's internal mechanisms—and the effective ceiling is marginally lower due to metadata overhead.
Important
The cloud disk edition of RDS for MySQL supports single tables larger than 16 TB. This is currently available only for instances with a storage capacity greater than 64 TB. For other instances, submit a ticket to request this capability.