Authorized access

Use STS for temporary access authorization

You can use Alibaba Cloud STS to authorize temporary access to OSS. STS is a web service that provides temporary access tokens for users. You can use STS to grant a set of temporary access credentials that have a custom validity period and custom permissions to a third-party application or a RAM user managed by you. For more information about STS, see What is STS?

STS provides the following benefits:

• You need only to generate an access token and send the access token to a third-party application. You do not need to expose your AccessKey pair to the third-party application. You can specify the access permissions and validity period of this token.
• The token automatically expires after the validity period. Therefore, you do not need to manually revoke the access permissions of a token.

// Obtain temporary access credentials from STS. 
fetch('http://your_sts_server/')
  .then(resp => resp.json())
  .then(result => {
    const store = new OSS({
      // Specify the temporary AccessKey pair obtained from STS. The AccessKey pair consists of an AccessKey ID and an AccessKey secret. 
      accessKeyId: result.AccessKeyId,
      accessKeySecret: result.AccessKeySecret,
      // Specify the security token obtained from STS. 
      stsToken: result.SecurityToken,
      // Specify the region in which the bucket is located. For example, if the bucket is located in the China (Hangzhou) region, set the region to oss-cn-hangzhou. 
      region: 'oss-cn-hangzhou',
      // Specify the bucket name. Example: examplebucket. 
      bucket: 'examplebucket'
    });
    // Generate a signed URL. 
    // Specify the full path of the object. Example: ossdemo.txt. The full path of the object cannot contain the bucket name. 
    const url = store.signatureUrl('ossdemo.txt');
    console.log(url);
  })

Use a signed URL for temporary access authorization

• Generate a signed URL

  You can generate a signed URL and provide the URL to a visitor for temporary access. When you generate a signed URL, you can specify the validity period of the URL to limit the period of time during which the visitor can access OSS.

  Notice If you use the following code to generate a signed URL that contains the plus sign (+), you may fail to access OSS by using the URL. In this case, you must replace the plus sign (+) in the URL with %2B.
  • Generate a signed URL for an object
    Note name {String} specifies the name of the object stored in OSS. [expires] {Number} specifies the validity period of the URL. By default, the validity period is 1,800 seconds. For more information about other parameters, visit GitHub.
    The following code provides an example on how to generate a signed URL for an object:

    const url = store.signatureUrl('exampleobject.txt');
    console.log(url);
    
    // Obtain the signed URL that is used to upload the exampleobject.txt object. 
    const url = store.signatureUrl('exampleobject.txt', {
      // Set the validity period of the URL to 3,600 seconds. 
      expires: 3600,
      // Set the request method to PUT. By default, the request method is GET. 
      method: 'PUT'
    });
    console.log(url);
    
    const url = store.signatureUrl('exampleobject.txt', {
      expires: 3600,
      method: 'PUT',
      // Specify Content-Type. 
      'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    });
    console.log(url);
    
    // Obtain the signed URL that is used to download the exampleobject.txt object. By default, if you use the signed URL to access the object in a browser, the object is previewed but not downloaded. 
    const url = store.signatureUrl('exampleobject.txt', {
      expires: 3600,
      response: {
        'content-type': 'text/custom',
        // Obtain the signed URL that is used to download the exampleobject.txt object, and set the Content-Disposition header to attachment. This way, if you use the signed URL to access the object in a browser, the object is automatically downloaded, and you can specify the name of the downloaded object. 
        // To preview the object when you use the signed URL to access the object in a browser, set the Content-Disposition header to inline and use the custom domain name that is mapped to the bucket to access the object. 
        'content-disposition': 'attachment'
      }
    });
    console.log(url);

  • Generate a signed object URL that includes Image Processing (IMG) parameters

    // Obtain the signed URL that is used to access an image object named exampleobject.png. 
    // Specify the full path of the object. The full path of the object cannot contain the bucket name. 
    const url = store.signatureUrl('exampleobject.png', {
      // Set IMG parameters that are used to process the image. 
      process: 'image/resize,w_200'
    });
    console.log(url);
    // Set the validity period of the URL to 3,600 seconds. 
    const url = store.signatureUrl('exampleobject.png', {
      expires: 3600,
      process: 'image/resize,w_200'
    });
    console.log(url);

• Use a signed URL

  After a signed URL is generated, you can use the URL to upload, preview, or download an object.

  • Use a signed URL to upload an object

    // Set signatureUrl to the generated signed URL. 
    const url = 'signatureUrl'; 
    
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.open('PUT', url, true);
    
    xhr.onload = function () {
       // Add code for further operations. 
    };
    
    xhr.send(null);
    // xhr.send('string');
    // xhr.send(new Blob());
    // xhr.send(new Int8Array());
    // xhr.send({ form: 'data' });
    // xhr.send(document);

  • Use a signed URL to preview or download an object

    You can use the download attribute of the <a> HTML element or the window.open API to obtain the URL of an object.

References

• For the complete sample code that is used to authorize temporary access by means of STS, visit GitHub.
• For the complete sample code that is used to authorize temporary access by means of a signed URL, visit GitHub.