This topic describes how to create an SSH tunnel to access the web UIs of open source components.

Background information

The ports over which you can access the web UIs of open source components are disabled for security purposes. The open source components include Hadoop, Spark, and Flink in an E-MapReduce (EMR) cluster. You can access these web UIs from the EMR console. You can also create an SSH tunnel on your on-premises server and enable port forwarding to access these web UIs. Dynamic port forwarding and local port forwarding are supported.

For more information about how to access the web UIs of open source components from the EMR console, see Access the web UIs of open source components.

Prerequisites

  • An EMR cluster is created. For more information, see Create a cluster.
  • Your on-premises server is connected to the master node of the cluster. You can turn on Assign Public IP Address during cluster creation to associate an elastic IP address (EIP) with your cluster. You can also assign a fixed public IP address or an EIP address to the master node of your cluster in the ECS console after the cluster is created. For more information, see Bind an ENI.

Obtain the public IP address of the master node

  1. Go to the Cluster Overview page.
    1. Log on to the Alibaba Cloud EMR console.
    2. In the top navigation bar, select the region where your cluster resides and select a resource group based on your business requirements.
    3. Click the Cluster Management tab.
    4. On the Cluster Management page, find your cluster and click Details in the Actions column.
  2. In the Instance Info section of the Cluster Overview page, view the public IP address of the master node.
    IP

Obtain the name of the master node

  1. Go to the Cluster Overview page.
    1. Log on to the Alibaba Cloud EMR console.
    2. In the top navigation bar, select the region where your cluster resides and select a resource group based on your business requirements.
    3. Click the Cluster Management tab.
    4. On the Cluster Management page, find your cluster and click Details in the Actions column.
  2. In the left-side navigation pane of the Cluster Overview page, click Instances.
  3. On the Instances page, view the node name that corresponds to the public IP address of the master node.
    For information about how to obtain the public IP address of the master node, see Obtain the public IP address of the master node. header

Enable dynamic port forwarding

Create an SSH tunnel to allow communication between a port of your on-premises server and the master node of an EMR cluster. Run the on-premises SOCKS proxy server that listens on the port. The port data is forwarded to the master node of the EMR cluster by using the SSH tunnel.

  1. Create an SSH tunnel.
    Important Keep your on-premises server running after the tunnel is created. No responses are returned.
    • Use a key:
      ssh -i <Storage path of the key file> -N -D 8157 root@<Public IP address of the master node>
    • Use a username and a password:
      ssh -N -D 8157 root@<Public IP address of the master node>
    Parameter description:
    • 8157: Port 8157 is used in this example. You can replace this port with an unoccupied port on your on-premises server in actual configuration.
    • -D: Dynamic port forwarding is enabled. Start the SOCKS proxy process to listen on the port.
    • <Public IP address of the master node>: For more information about how to obtain the public IP address of the master node, see Obtain the public IP address of the master node.
    • <Storage path of the key file>: the path where the key file is stored.
  2. Configure the Google Chrome browser.

    You can use one of the following methods to configure the Google Chrome browser:

    • Use the CLI
      1. Open the CLI and go to the local installation directory of the Google Chrome browser client.

        The default installation directory of Google Chrome depends on the operating system.

        Operating system Google Chrome installation directory
        Mac OS X /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/macOS/Google Chrome
        Linux /usr/bin/google-chrome
        Windows C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\
      2. Run the following command in the default installation directory of Google Chrome:
        chrome --proxy-server="socks5://localhost:8157" --host-resolver-rules="MAP * 0.0.0.0 , EXCLUDE localhost" --user-data-dir=/tmp/
        Parameter description:
        • /tmp/: For Windows, replace /tmp/ with a path similar to /c:/tmppath/. For Linux and macOS, the format of a file directory is /tmp/.
        • 8157: Port 8157 is used in this example. You can replace this port with an unoccupied port on your on-premises server in actual configuration.
      3. Enter http://<Name of the master node>:<Port number> in the address bar of the browser and press Enter to access a specific web UI.

        For more information about the ports of components, see Common ports of services. For more information about how to obtain the name of the master node, see Obtain the name of the master node.

        For example, enter http://emr-header-1:8088 in the address bar of the browser and press Enter to access the web UI of YARN.

    • Use a Google Chrome extension

      Extensions allow you to easily manage and use proxies in your web browser. You can use an extension to browse web pages and access web UIs at the same time.

      1. Add the Google Chrome extension Proxy SwitchyOmega.
      2. Click this extension and select Options from the shortcut menu.
      3. On the SwitchyOmega page, click New profile in the left-side navigation pane. In the New Profile dialog box, enter a profile name, such as SSH tunnel, in the Profile name field, select PAC Profile, and then click Create.
      4. Enter the following content in the PAC Script editor:
        function regExpMatch(url, pattern) {    
          try { return new RegExp(pattern).test(url); } catch(ex) { return false; }    
        }
        
        function FindProxyForURL(url, host) {
            // Important: replace 172.31 below with the proper prefix for your VPC subnet
        
            if (shExpMatch(url, "*localhost*")) return "SOCKS5 localhost:8157";
            if (shExpMatch(url, "*emr-header*")) return "SOCKS5 localhost:8157";
            if (shExpMatch(url, "*emr-worker*")) return "SOCKS5 localhost:8157";
        
            return 'DIRECT';
        }
      5. In the left-side navigation pane, click Apply changes to complete the configurations.
      6. Open Google Chrome. Click the SwitchyOmega extension. Then, select the created SSH tunnel.
      7. Enter http://<Name of the master node>:<Port number> in the address bar of the browser and press Enter to access a specific web UI.

        For more information about the ports of components, see Common ports of services. For more information about how to obtain the name of the master node, see Obtain the name of the master node.

        For example, enter http://emr-header-1:8088 in the address bar of the browser and press Enter to access the web UI of YARN.

Enable local port forwarding

Important If you use this method to access a web UI, you cannot go to the job details page.

You can use the local port forwarding method to forward data on a port of the master node to the local port and access the web application interface running on the master node. The SOCKS proxy is not required.

  1. Run the following command on your on-premises server to create an SSH tunnel:
    • Use a key:
      ssh -i <Storage path of the key file> -N -L 8157:<Name of the master node>:8088 root@<Public IP address of the master node>
    • Use a username and a password:
      ssh -N -L 8157:<Name of the master node>:8088 root@<Public IP address of the master node>
    Parameter description:
    • -L: Local port forwarding is enabled. You can specify a local port to forward data to the remote port that is hosted on the on-premises web server of the master node.
    • 8088: the port that is used to access ResourceManager on the master node. You can replace this port as required.

      For more information about the ports of components, see Common ports of services. For more information about how to obtain the name of the master node, see Obtain the name of the master node.

    • 8157: Port 8157 is used in this example. You can replace this port with an unoccupied port on your on-premises server in actual configuration.
    • <Public IP address of the master node>: For more information about how to obtain the public IP address of the master node, see Obtain the public IP address of the master node.
    • <Storage path of the key file>: the path where the key file is stored.
  2. Keep your on-premises server running. Open a browser, enter http://localhost:8157/ in the address bar of the browser, and then press Enter.

Common ports of services

Service Port Description
Hadoop 2.X 50070 The web UI port of HDFS.
Parameter: dfs.namenode.http-address or dfs.http.address.
Note The dfs.http.address parameter has expired but can still be used.
50075 The web UI port of DataNode.
50010 The service port of DataNode. This port is used to transfer data.
50020 The port of the inter-process communication (IPC) service.
8020 The remote procedure call (RPC) port of HDFS in a high-availability (HA) cluster.
8025 The port of ResourceManager.

Parameter: yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address.

9000 The RPC port of HDFS in a non-HA cluster.
Parameter: fs.defaultFS or fs.default.name.
Note The fs.default.name parameter has expired but can still be used.
8088 The web UI port of YARN.
8485 The RPC port of JournalNode.
8019 The port of ZKFailoverController (ZKFC).
19888 The web UI port of JobHistory Server.

Parameter: mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address.

10020 The web UI port of JobHistory Server.

Parameter: mapreduce.jobhistory.address.

Hadoop 3.X 8020 The port of NameNode.
Parameter: dfs.namenode.http-address or dfs.http.address.
Note The dfs.http.address parameter has expired but can still be used.
9870
9871 The port of NameNode.
9866 The port of DataNode.
9864 The port of DataNode.
9865 The port of DataNode.
8088 The port of ResourceManager.

Parameter: yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.

MapReduce 8021 The port of JobTracker.

Parameter: mapreduce.jobtracker.address.

Zookeeper 2181 The port that is used to connect a client to ZooKeeper.
2888 The internal communication port of a ZooKeeper cluster. The leader listens on this port.
3888 The ZooKeeper port that is used to elect a leader.
HBase 16010 The web UI port of the master node of HBase.

Parameter: hbase.master.info.port.

16000 The port of HMaster.

Parameter: hbase.master.port.

16030 The web UI management port of RegionServer of HBase.

Parameter: hbase.regionserver.info.port.

16020 The port of HRegionServer.

Parameter: hbase.regionserver.port.

9099 The port of Thrift Server.
Hive 9083 The default listening port of the MetaStore service.
10000 The Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) port of Hive.
10001 The JDBC port of Spark Thrift Sever.
Spark 7077
  • The port on which the master node of Spark communicates with the worker nodes.
  • The port on which a standalone cluster submits applications.
8080 The web UI port of the master node. This port is used to schedule resources.
8081 The web UI port of a worker node. This port is used to schedule resources.
4040 The web UI port of Driver. This port is used to schedule tasks.
18080 The web UI port of Spark History Server.
Kafka 9092 The RPC port that is used for communication among the nodes of a Kafka cluster.
Redis 6379 The port of the Redis service.
HUE 8888 The web UI port of Hue.
Oozie 11000 The web UI port of Oozie.
Druid 18888 The web UI port of Druid.
18090 The port of Overlord.

Parameter: druid.plaintextPort on the overlord.runtime tab.

18091 The port of MiddleManager.

Parameter: druid.plaintextPort on the middleManager.runtime tab.

18081 The port of Coordinator.

Parameter: druid.plaintextPort on the coordinator.runtime tab.

18083 The port of Historical.

Parameter: druid.plaintextPort on the historical.runtime tab.

18082 The port of Broker.

Parameter: druid.plaintextPort on the broker.runtime tab.

Ganglia 9292 The web UI port of Ganglia.
Ranger 6080 The web UI port of Ranger.
Kafka Manager 8085 The port of Kafka Manager.
Superset 18088 The web UI port of Superset.
Impala 21050 The JDBC port that is used to connect to Impala.
Presto 9090 The web UI port of Presto.
JindoFS 8104 The web UI port of JindoFS.