This topic describes the features of big data instance families of Elastic Compute Service (ECS) and lists the instance types of each instance family.

Description

Big data instance families are designed to provide cloud computing and big data storage to support the needs of big data-oriented enterprises. These instance families are suitable for scenarios that require offline computing and big data storage, such as Hadoop distributed computing, extensive log processing, and large-scale data warehousing. Big data instance families are ideal for business that uses distributed networks and has high requirements on storage, capacity, and internal bandwidth.

These instance families are suitable for customers in industries such as Internet and finance that need to compute, store, and analyze big data. Big data instance families use local storage to ensure large amounts of storage space and high storage performance.

Big data instances have the following benefits:
  • Enterprise-level computing power ensures efficient and stable data processing.
  • Network performance is enhanced with higher maximum internal bandwidth per instance and higher maximum packet forwarding rates to satisfy data transfer demands such as shuffling in Hadoop MapReduce at peak times.
  • When an instance is created or started for the first time, its disks must warm up before they can deliver optimal performance. Each disk can deliver sequential read and write performance of up to 190 MB/s, and each instance can offer a storage throughput of up to 5 GB/s. This reduces the amount of time required to read data from or write data to Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) files.
  • The cost of local storage is 97% lower than that of standard SSDs. This significantly reduces the cost to build Hadoop clusters.
When you use big data instances, take note of the following items:
  • Instances with local SSDs do not support instance configuration changes or failovers.
  • Local disks can be tied only to specific instance types. The number and capacity of local disks attached to an instance vary based on the instance type. You cannot separately purchase local disks, or detach local disks from instances and then attach the disks to other instances.
  • You cannot create snapshots for local disks. If you want to create an image from the system disk and data disks of an instance with local SSDs, we recommend that you create an image by combining the snapshots of both the system disk and data disks. In this case, the data disks must be cloud disks.
  • You cannot create images that contain system disk snapshots and data disk snapshots based on instances with local SSDs.
  • You can attach a standard SSD to an instance with local SSDs and extend the capacity of the standard SSD.
  • Operations on an instance with local SSDs may affect the data stored on the local SSDs. For more information, see Impacts of instance operations on data stored on local disks.

Best practices for mounting a file system to a big data instance

The first time you mount a file system such as ext4, you must initialize the inode table. By default, the lazyinit feature is enabled in Linux kernel v2.6.37 and later, which causes the inode table not to be initialized until file systems are mounted. In addition, local disks consume a large amount of throughput when they are being initialized, such as 600 MB/s for 30 local disks. This may affect service stability. The concurrency of lazyinit in Linux kernel v4.x is improved to resolve this issue. For more information, see index: kernel/git/stable/linux.git. We recommend that you use the following best practices for initializing the inode table at your earliest opportunity:
  1. Obtain a list of all local serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) HDDs.
  2. Run the following command to initialize each local disk separately.

    In this example, an ext4 file system is created on a local disk whose device name is /dev/vdb. 

    mkfs.ext4 -E lazy_itable_init=0,lazy_journal_init=0 /dev/vdb &
  3. After all local disks are initialized, run the iostat -x 5 command until the I/O activities of all local disks are displayed as 0.
  4. Batch run the mount command.

d3c, compute-intensive big data instance family

Note This instance family is in invitational preview. To use this instance family,submit a ticket.
Features:
  • This instance family is equipped with high-capacity and high-throughput local SSDs and can provide maximum bandwidth of 32 Gbit/s between instances.
  • Supports online replacement and hot swapping of damaged disks to prevent instance shutdown.
    If a local disk fails, you are notified of the system event. You can handle the system event by initiating the process of fixing the damaged disk. For more information, see O&M scenarios and system events for instances equipped with local disks.
    Important After you initiate the process of fixing the damaged disk, data in the damaged disk cannot be restored.
  • Compute:
    • Uses the third-generation 2.7 GHz Intel® Xeon® Scalable (Ice Lake) processors that deliver an all-core turbo frequency of 3.5 GHz for consistent computing performance.
  • Storage:
    • Is an instance family in which all instances are I/O optimized.
    • Supports enhanced SSDs (ESSDs), standard SSDs, and ultra disks.
  • Network:
    • Supports IPv6.
    • Provides high network performance based on large computing capacity.
  • Supported scenarios:
    • Big data computing and storage business scenarios in which services such as Hadoop MapReduce, HDFS, Hive, and HBase are used
    • Scenarios in which EMR JindoFS and Object Storage Service (OSS) are used in combination to separately store hot and cold data and decouple storage from computing
    • Machine learning scenarios such as Spark in-memory computing and MLlib
    • Search and log data processing scenarios in which solutions such as Elasticsearch and Kafka are used
Instance types
Instance type vCPU Memory (GiB) Local storage (GB) Network baseline/burst bandwidth (Gbit/s) Packet forwarding rate (pps) Network interface controller (NIC) queues Elastic network interfaces (ENIs) Private IP addresses per ENI
ecs.d3c.3xlarge 14 56.0 1 × 13740 8/burstable up to 10 1,600,000 8 8 30
ecs.d3c.7xlarge 28 112.0 2 × 13740 16/burstable up to 25 2,500,000 16 8 30
ecs.d3c.14xlarge 56 224.0 4 × 13740 32/none 5,000,000 28 8 30
ecs.d3c.16xlarge 64 256.0 4 × 13740 32/none 5,000,000 32 8 30
Note

d2c, compute-intensive big data instance family

Features:
  • This instance family is equipped with high-capacity and high-throughput local SATA HDDs and can provide a maximum bandwidth of 35 Gbit/s between instances.
  • Supports online replacement and hot swapping of damaged disks to prevent instance shutdown.
    If a local disk fails, you are notified of the system event. You can handle the system event by initiating the process of fixing the damaged disk. For more information, see O&M scenarios and system events for instances equipped with local disks.
    Important After you initiate the process of fixing the damaged disk, data in the damaged disk cannot be restored.
  • Compute:
    • Uses 2.5 GHz Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8269CY (Cascade Lake) processors.
  • Storage:
    • Is an instance family in which all instances are I/O optimized.
    • Supports ESSDs, standard SSDs, and ultra disks.
  • Network:
    • Supports IPv6.
    • Provides high network performance based on large computing capacity.
  • Supported scenarios:
    • Big data computing and storage business scenarios in which services such as Hadoop MapReduce, HDFS, Hive, and HBase are used
    • Scenarios in which EMR JindoFS and OSS are used in combination to separately store hot and cold data and decouple storage from computing
    • Machine learning scenarios such as Spark in-memory computing and MLlib
    • Search and log data processing scenarios in which solutions such as Elasticsearch and Kafka are used
Instance types
Instance type vCPU Memory (GiB) Local storage (GiB) Network bandwidth (Gbit/s) Packet forwarding rate (pps) NIC queues ENIs Private IP addresses per ENI
ecs.d2c.6xlarge 24 88.0 3 × 4000 12.0 1,600,000 8 8 20
ecs.d2c.12xlarge 48 176.0 6 × 4000 20.0 2,000,000 16 8 20
ecs.d2c.24xlarge 96 352.0 12 × 4000 35.0 4,500,000 16 8 20
Note

d2s, storage-intensive big data instance family

Features:
  • This instance family is equipped with high-capacity and high-throughput local SATA HDDs and can provide a maximum bandwidth of 35 Gbit/s between instances.
  • Supports online replacement and hot swapping of damaged disks to prevent instance shutdown.
    If a local disk fails, you are notified of the system event. You can handle the system event by initiating the process of fixing the damaged disk. For more information, see O&M scenarios and system events for instances equipped with local disks.
    Important After you initiate the process of fixing the damaged disk, data in the damaged disk cannot be restored.
  • Compute:
    • Uses 2.5 GHz Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8163 (Skylake) processors.
  • Storage:
    • Is an instance family in which all instances are I/O optimized.
    • Supports ESSDs, standard SSDs, and ultra disks.
  • Network:
    • Supports IPv6.
    • Provides high network performance based on large computing capacity.
  • Supported scenarios:
    • Big data computing and storage business scenarios in which services such as Hadoop MapReduce, HDFS, Hive, and HBase are used
    • Machine learning scenarios such as Spark in-memory computing and MLlib
    • Search and log data processing scenarios in which solutions such as Elasticsearch and Kafka are used
Instance types
Instance type vCPU Memory (GiB) Local storage (GiB) Network bandwidth (Gbit/s) Packet forwarding rate (pps) NIC queues ENIs Private IP addresses per ENI
ecs.d2s.5xlarge 20 88.0 8 × 7300 12.0 1,600,000 8 8 20
ecs.d2s.10xlarge 40 176.0 15 × 7300 20.0 2,000,000 16 8 20
ecs.d2s.20xlarge 80 352.0 30 × 7300 35.0 4,500,000 32 8 20
Note

d1ne, big data instance family with enhanced network performance

Features:
  • This instance family is equipped with high-capacity and high-throughput local SATA HDDs and can provide a maximum bandwidth of 35 Gbit/s between instances.
  • Compute:
    • Offers a CPU-to-memory ratio of 1:4, which is designed for big data scenarios.
    • Uses 2.5 GHz Intel® Xeon®E5-2682 v4 (Broadwell) processors.
  • Storage:
    • Is an instance family in which all instances are I/O optimized.
    • Supports standard SSDs and ultra disks.
  • Network:
    • Supports IPv6.
    • Provides high network performance based on large computing capacity.
  • Supported scenarios:
    • Scenarios in which services such as Hadoop MapReduce, HDFS, Hive, and HBase are used
    • Machine learning scenarios such as Spark in-memory computing and MLlib
    • Search and log data processing scenarios in which solutions such as Elasticsearch are used
Instance types
Instance type vCPU Memory (GiB) Local storage (GiB) Network bandwidth (Gbit/s) Packet forwarding rate (pps) NIC queues ENIs Private IP addresses per ENI
ecs.d1ne.2xlarge 8 32.0 4 × 5500 6.0 1,000,000 4 4 10
ecs.d1ne.4xlarge 16 64.0 8 × 5500 12.0 1,600,000 4 8 20
ecs.d1ne.6xlarge 24 96.0 12 × 5500 16.0 2,000,000 6 8 20
ecs.d1ne-c8d3.8xlarge 32 128.0 12 × 5500 20.0 2,000,000 6 8 20
ecs.d1ne.8xlarge 32 128.0 16 × 5500 20.0 2,500,000 8 8 20
ecs.d1ne-c14d3.14xlarge 56 160.0 12 × 5500 35.0 4,500,000 14 8 20
ecs.d1ne.14xlarge 56 224.0 28 × 5500 35.0 4,500,000 14 8 20
Note

d1, big data instance family

Features:
  • This instance family is equipped with high-capacity and high-throughput local SATA HDDs and can provide a maximum bandwidth of 17 Gbit/s between instances.
  • Compute:
    • Offers a CPU-to-memory ratio of 1:4, which is designed for big data scenarios.
    • Uses 2.5 GHz Intel® Xeon® E5-2682 v4 (Broadwell) processors.
  • Storage:
    • Is an instance family in which all instances are I/O optimized.
    • Supports standard SSDs and ultra disks.
  • Network:
    • Provides high network performance based on large computing capacity.
  • Supported scenarios:
    • Scenarios in which services such as Hadoop MapReduce, HDFS, Hive, and HBase are used
    • Machine learning scenarios such as Spark in-memory computing and MLlib
    • Scenarios in which customers in industries such as Internet and finance need to compute, store, and analyze big data
    • Search and log data processing scenarios in which solutions such as Elasticsearch are used
Instance types
Instance type vCPU Memory (GiB) Local storage (GiB) Network bandwidth (Gbit/s) Packet forwarding rate (pps) NIC queues ENIs Private IP addresses per ENI
ecs.d1.2xlarge 8 32.0 4 × 5500 3.0 300,000 1 4 10
ecs.d1.3xlarge 12 48.0 6 × 5500 4.0 400,000 1 6 10
ecs.d1.4xlarge 16 64.0 8 × 5500 6.0 600,000 2 8 20
ecs.d1.6xlarge 24 96.0 12 × 5500 8.0 800,000 2 8 20
ecs.d1-c8d3.8xlarge 32 128.0 12 × 5500 10.0 1,000,000 4 8 20
ecs.d1.8xlarge 32 128.0 16 × 5500 10.0 1,000,000 4 8 20
ecs.d1-c14d3.14xlarge 56 160.0 12 × 5500 17.0 1,800,000 6 8 20
ecs.d1.14xlarge 56 224.0 28 × 5500 17.0 1,800,000 6 8 20
Note