Run commands to deploy a LAMP stack - Elastic Compute Service

Install and configure Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP on an ECS instance to host web applications.

Note

Use Terraform Explorer to automatically build a LAMP environment on an ECS instance.

Prerequisites

A public IP address is automatically assigned to the ECS instance. Alternatively, an elastic IP address (EIP) is associated with the ECS instance. For instructions on how to enable public bandwidth, see Enable public bandwidth.
Inbound security group rules are added to open ports 22 and 80 on the ECS instance.
The ECS instance has at least 4 GiB of memory.

Deploy a LAMP stack

Alibaba Cloud Linux 3 or CentOS 8

Install Apache.

# Install the Apache server.
sudo dnf install -y httpd
# Automatically start the Apache server on instance startup.
sudo systemctl enable httpd
# Start the Apache server.
sudo systemctl start httpd

Install MySQL.
Note
On Alibaba Cloud Linux 3, install compat-openssl10 for compatibility with earlier OpenSSL libraries.
```
sudo yum install -y compat-openssl10
```
```
# Add an official MySQL repository.
sudo rpm -Uvh https://repo.mysql.com/mysql84-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
# Install MySQL.
sudo dnf install -y mysql-server
# Start MySQL and configure MySQL to automatically start on system startup.
sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
```
1. Query the initial root password.
  - On Alibaba Cloud Linux 3:
```
echo $(PASSWORD=$(sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log); PASSWORD=${PASSWORD##* }; echo $PASSWORD)
```
  - On CentOS 8, the root user has no initial password.
2. Set a new MySQL root password. Replace <oldpwd> with the initial password and <newpwd> with the new password. On CentOS 8, leave <oldpwd> empty and press Enter when prompted.
  
  Important
  The password must be at least eight characters in length and contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one digit, and one special character.
```
sudo mysqladmin -uroot -p'<oldpwd>' password '<newpwd>'
```

Install PHP.

Note

This example uses PHP 8.4. To install a different version, change the module name accordingly. For example, use php:remi-8.1 for PHP 8.1.

# Specify the remi repository and enable the php:remi-8.4 module.
sudo rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/remi/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm  --nodeps
sudo sed -i "s/\$releasever/8/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-modular.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-safe.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo
sudo dnf install -y yum-utils && sudo dnf module enable -y php:remi-8.4
# Install PHP, PHP FastCGI Process Manager (PHP-FPM), and the MySQL extension.
sudo dnf install -y php php-fpm php-mysqlnd
# Start PHP-FPM and configure PHP-FPM to automatically start on system startup.
sudo systemctl start php-fpm
sudo systemctl enable php-fpm

Verify the LAMP stack.

Query the PHP-FPM listening address.

sudo grep 'listen =' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

Create /etc/httpd/conf.d/php-fpm.conf and configure php-fpm forwarding rules.

Important
If PHP-FPM listens on 127.0.0.1:9000, set SetHandler to proxy:fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000.
```
sudo tee /etc/httpd/conf.d/php-fpm.conf <<-'EOF'
<FilesMatch \.php$>
    SetHandler "proxy:unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;"
</FilesMatch>
EOF
```
Restart httpd.
```
sudo systemctl restart httpd
```

Create test.php in /var/www/html/. Replace <username> and <password> with your MySQL credentials.

sudo tee /var/www/html/test.php <<-'EOF'
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "<username>";
$password = "<password>";

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);

if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("fail: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "success\n";
?>
EOF

Open http://<Public-IP-Address-of-ECS-instance>/test.php in a browser. If success is returned, the LAMP stack works correctly.

Alibaba Cloud Linux 2 or CentOS 7

Install Apache.

# Install the Apache server.
sudo yum install -y httpd
# Automatically start the Apache server on instance startup.
sudo systemctl enable httpd
# Start the Apache server.
sudo systemctl start httpd

Install MySQL.

# Add an official MySQL repository.
sudo rpm -Uvh https://repo.mysql.com/mysql84-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
# Install MySQL.
sudo yum install -y mysql-server
# Start MySQL and configure MySQL to automatically start on system startup.
sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld

Query the initial root password.

echo $(PASSWORD=$(sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log); PASSWORD=${PASSWORD##* }; echo $PASSWORD)

Set a new MySQL root password. Replace <oldpwd> with the initial password and <newpwd> with the new password.

Important
The password must be at least eight characters in length and contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one digit, and one special character.
```
sudo mysqladmin -uroot -p'<oldpwd>' password '<newpwd>'
```

Install PHP.

# Specify the remi repository and enable the remi-php83 module.
sudo rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm  --nodeps
sudo sed -i "s/\$releasever/7/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-modular.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-safe.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo
sudo yum install -y yum-utils && sudo yum-config-manager --enable   remi-php83
# Install PHP, PHP-FPM, and the MySQL extension.
sudo yum install -y php php-fpm php-mysqlnd
# Start PHP-FPM and configure PHP-FPM to automatically start on system startup.
sudo systemctl start php-fpm
sudo systemctl enable php-fpm

Verify the LAMP stack.
1. Query the PHP-FPM listening address.
```
sudo grep 'listen =' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
```
  - If a socket file path is returned, PHP-FPM listens on the socket file.
  - If 127.0.0.1:9000 is returned, PHP-FPM listens on local port 9000.
2. Create /etc/httpd/conf.d/php-fpm.conf and configure php-fpm forwarding rules.
  
  Important
  If PHP-FPM listens on a socket file, change proxy:fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000 to proxy:unix:<path>;. Replace <path> with the socket file path.
```
sudo tee /etc/httpd/conf.d/php-fpm.conf <<-'EOF'
<FilesMatch \.php$>
    SetHandler "proxy:fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000"
</FilesMatch>
EOF
```
3. Restart httpd.
```
sudo systemctl restart httpd
```
4. Create test.php in /var/www/html/. Replace <username> and <password> with your MySQL credentials.
```
sudo tee /var/www/html/test.php <<-'EOF'
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "<username>";
$password = "<password>";

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);

if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("fail: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "success\n";
?>
EOF
```
5. Open http://<Public-IP-Address-of-ECS-instance>/test.php in a browser. If success is returned, the LAMP stack works correctly.

Ubuntu 20.04 or later

Install Apache.

# Install the Apache server.
sudo apt update -y && sudo apt install -y apache2
# Automatically start the Apache server on instance startup.
sudo systemctl enable apache2
# Start the Apache server.
sudo systemctl start apache2

Install the MySQL server.

sudo apt update -y && sudo apt install -y mysql-server

Change the root password and authentication plugin. Replace <newpwd> with the actual password.

Important
By default, root uses the auth_socket plugin and has no password. Press Enter when prompted.
```
sudo mysql -uroot -p -e "ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY '<newpwd>';" -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
```

Install PHP.

Note

Use sudo apt search php to list available PHP versions. To install a different version, replace the version number accordingly. For example, for PHP 8.1: sudo apt install -y php8.1 php8.1-fpm php8.1-mysql.

# Install the software-properties-common package and add the ppa:ondrej/php Personal Package Archive (PPA) repository.
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y software-properties-common && sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php
# Install PHP 8.4 and the related components, including PHP-FPM and the MySQL extension.
sudo apt install -y php8.4 php8.4-fpm php8.4-mysql

Verify the LAMP stack.
1. Query the PHP-FPM listening address. Replace <version> with your PHP version, such as 8.4.
```
sudo grep '^listen =' /etc/php/<version>/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
```
  - If a socket file path is returned, PHP-FPM listens on the socket file.
  - If 127.0.0.1:9000 is returned, PHP-FPM listens on local port 9000.
2. Create /etc/apache2/conf-available/php-fpm.conf and configure PHP forwarding rules. Replace <listen> with the PHP-FPM listening address.
  - If PHP-FPM listens on a socket file, replace <listen> with unix:<path>; and <path> with the socket file path.
    
    Important
    Listening on socket files requires read and write permissions. Run sudo chmod 666 <path> to grant them. Replace <path> with the socket file path.
  - If PHP-FPM listens on 127.0.0.1:9000, replace <listen> with fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000.
```
sudo tee /etc/apache2/conf-available/php-fpm.conf <<-'EOF'
<FilesMatch \.php$>
    SetHandler "proxy:<listen>"
</FilesMatch>
EOF
```
3. Create a symbolic link for the configuration file.
```
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/conf-available/php-fpm.conf /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/
```
4. Enable the proxy_fcgi and setenvif modules for Apache to forward PHP requests to PHP-FPM, then enable the PHP-FPM configuration.
```
sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif
sudo a2enconf php8.4-fpm
```
5. Restart Apache.
```
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```
6. Create test.php in /var/www/html/. Replace <username> and <password> with your MySQL credentials.
```
sudo tee /var/www/html/test.php <<-'EOF'
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "<username>";
$password = "<password>";

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);

if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("fail: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "success\n";
?>
EOF
```
7. Open http://<Public-IP-Address-of-ECS-instance>/test.php in a browser. If success is returned, the LAMP stack works correctly.

FAQ

Why can't I access the test.php page?

Possible causes and solutions:

Port 80 is not open in the security group, the system firewall is enabled, or port 80 is used by another service.

See What do I do if I cannot access a service deployed on an instance?

How do I allow remote access to MySQL?

Create a non-root account for remote access. See Deploy MySQL on a Linux instance.