:Use an API key to generate a sharable Grafana dashboard link

Base64 is a common encoding method used on the web for transmitting 8-bit byte codes. It is a technique that represents binary data using 64 printable characters.

• Use common online tools for decryption, such as base64.

• Decrypt the API key in Java.

  package main
  
  import java.util.Base64;
  
  public class Base64Example{
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          String apiKey = "eyJr****REpzZGYzd2JIa0N3ekgyWjlWWmhrSTM5bWdGT2hGSmwiLCJuIjoidGVzdDEiLCJpZCI6MX0=";
          String decodeKey = new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode(apiKey));
          System.out.println(decodeKey);
      }
  }

  Output:

  {"k":"DJsd****HkCwzH2Z9VZhkI39mgFOhFJl","n":"test1","id":1}

• Decrypt the API key in Go.

  package main
  
  import "fmt"
  import "encoding/base64"
  
  func main() {
  	apiKey := "eyJr****REpzZGYzd2JIa0N3ekgyWjlWWmhrSTM5bWdGT2hGSmwiLCJuIjoidGVzdDEiLCJpZCI6MX0="
  	decodeKey, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(apiKey)
  	if err != nil {
  		fmt.Println(err.Error())
  		return
  	}
  	fmt.Println(string(decodeKey))
  }

  Output:

  {"k":"DJsd****HkCwzH2Z9VZhkI39mgFOhFJl","n":"test1","id":1}

Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 (PBKDF2) is a password-based key derivation function used to securely derive an encryption key from a user-provided password along with some additional parameters such as a salt and iteration count. It is primarily used in scenarios where user passwords need to be stored, aiming to ensure that even if the database is compromised, attackers will find it difficult to directly obtain the user plaintext password or easily crack the derived key.

Multiple encryption methods are available. The following table describes the encryption parameters.

• Use common online tools for encryption, such as df2.

• Derive the key in Java.

  package main
  
  import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
  import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
  import javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec;
  import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
  
  public class PBKDFExapmle {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          String password = "DJsd****HkCwzH2Z9VZhkI39mgFOhFJl";
          String salt = "test1";
          int iterationCount = 10000;
          int outputLength = 50 * 8;
  
          try {
              KeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray(), salt.getBytes(), iterationCount, outputLength);
              SecretKeyFactory skf = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256");
              byte[] keyBytes = skf.generateSecret(spec).getEncoded();
              System.out.println(bytesToHex(keyBytes));
          } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  
      private static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
          StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder();
          for (byte b : bytes) {
              String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff & b);
              if (hex.length() == 1) {
                  hexString.append('0');
              }
              hexString.append(hex);
          }
          return hexString.toString();
      }
  }
  

  Output: PBKDF2 Password

  1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****

• Derive the key in Go.

  package main
  
  import "fmt"
  import "encoding/hex"
  import "crypto/sha256"
  import "golang.org/x/crypto/pbkdf2"
  
  func main() {
      password:="DJsd****HkCwzH2Z9VZhkI39mgFOhFJl"
      salt="test1"
      newPasswd := pbkdf2.Key([]byte(password), []byte(salt), 10000, 50, sha256.New)
  	encodePassword:= hex.EncodeToString(newPasswd)
  	fmt.Println(encodePassword)
  }

  Output: PBKDF2 Password

  1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****

The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm is a widely used cryptographic hash function that produces a 128-bit (16-byte) hash value, designed to ensure the integrity and consistency of transmitted information.

The content to be encrypted is composed of: <PBKDF2 Password> + "_" + <current system time as an integer in seconds>.

Example:

If the PBKDF2 Password is: 1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****

And the current system time is: 2024-09-20 17:12:13, then the precise time in seconds since epoch would be: 1726823533

Therefore, the complete information for generating the MD5 signature would be: 1e5b****80184 e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****_1726823533.

Methods for generating the MD5 signature:

• Use common online tools for encryption, such as MD5.

• Implement MD5 hashing in Java.

  package main;
  
  import java.security.MessageDigest;
  
  
  public class MD5 {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          String pbkdfPassword = "1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****";
          long timeSeconds=System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
          String key=pbkdfPassword+"_"+timeSeconds;
          System.out.println(MD5.getMD5String(key,"UTF-8"));
      }
  
      
      public static String getMD5String(String str, String charset) {
          try {
              MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
              messageDigest.reset();
              messageDigest.update(str.getBytes(charset));
              byte[] byteArray = messageDigest.digest();
  
              StringBuffer md5StrBuff = new StringBuffer();
  
              for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) {
                  if (Integer.toHexString(0xFF & byteArray[i]).length() == 1) {
                      md5StrBuff.append("0").append(
                          Integer.toHexString(0xFF & byteArray[i]));
                  } else {
                      md5StrBuff.append(Integer.toHexString(0xFF & byteArray[i]));
                  }
              }
              return md5StrBuff.toString().toLowerCase();
          } catch (Exception e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
              throw new RuntimeException("MD5 error:"+e.getMessage());
          }
      }
  }
  

• Implement MD5 hashing in Go.

  package main
   
  import (
      "crypto/md5"
      "encoding/hex"
      "fmt"
      "io"
      "time"
      "strconv"
  )
   
  func main() {
      // The string that needs to be hashed with MD5.
      pbkdfPassword := "1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****"
      timeSeconds:= time.Now().Unix()
      key:=pbkdfPassword+"_"+strconv.FormatInt(timeSeconds, 10)
   
      // Calculate the MD5 hash of the string using the md5 package.
      hash := md5.New()
      io.WriteString(hash, key)
      md5Str := hash.Sum(nil)
   
      // Convert the binary MD5 value to a hexadecimal string.
      md5StrHex := hex.EncodeToString(md5Str)
   
      fmt.Println("MD5 of", key, "is", md5StrHex)
  }

The following table describes the parameters.

Example:

https://grafana-example.grafana.aliyuncs.com/d/TZWea****/test?orgId=1&from=167081684****&to=167083844****&aliyun_api_key_sign=c3bf89b867cc88df72d507edc4d1****&aliyun_api_key_timestamp=1726823533&aliyun_api_key_name=test1&aliyun_api_key_org_id=1

This way, you can dynamically generate a more secure password-free logon link to Grafana each time based on the program code and avoid API key leaks.

Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 (PBKDF2) is a password-based key derivation function used to securely derive an encryption key from a user-provided password along with some additional parameters such as a salt and iteration count. It is primarily used in scenarios where user passwords need to be stored, aiming to ensure that even if the database is compromised, attackers will find it difficult to directly obtain the user plaintext password or easily crack the derived key.

Split the service account token with an underscore (_).

# Use the following service account token as an example:
Token:glsa_yV9HAOVCjNKkvKoLMiypOc5T0Oov****_4f5ff3ce
# After splitting, it becomes:
Prefix: glsa
Secret:yV9HAOVCjNKkvKoLMiypOc5T0Oov****
Salt:4f5ff3ce

Multiple encryption methods are available. The following table describes the encryption parameters.

• Use common online tools for decryption, such as charsetpbkdf2.

• Decrypt the API key in Java.

  package main
  
  import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
  import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
  import javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec;
  import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
  
  public class PBKDFExapmle {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          String password = "yV9H****jNKkvKoLMiypOc5T0OovHXPV";
          String salt = "4f5ff3ce";
          int iterationCount = 10000;
          int outputLength = 50 * 8;
  
          try {
              KeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray(), salt.getBytes(), iterationCount, outputLength);
              SecretKeyFactory skf = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256");
              byte[] keyBytes = skf.generateSecret(spec).getEncoded();
              System.out.println(bytesToHex(keyBytes));
          } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  
      private static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
          StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder();
          for (byte b : bytes) {
              String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff & b);
              if (hex.length() == 1) {
                  hexString.append('0');
              }
              hexString.append(hex);
          }
          return hexString.toString();
      }
  }
  

  Output: PBKDF2 Password

  c3cd****971bab928e4ecd6e7a00c74657696ea07d38c43f3bb5dc3190f2285cb80695cf7bf2f25c9b1f34fe1e0f9549****

• Derive the key in Go.

  package main
  
  import "fmt"
  import "encoding/hex"
  import "crypto/sha256"
  import "golang.org/x/crypto/pbkdf2"
  
  func main() {
      password:="yV9H****jNKkvKoLMiypOc5T0OovHXPV"
      salt="4f5ff3ce"
      newPasswd := pbkdf2.Key([]byte(password), []byte(salt), 10000, 50, sha256.New)
  	encodePassword:= hex.EncodeToString(newPasswd)
  	fmt.Println(encodePassword)
  }

  Output: PBKDF2 Password

  c3cd****971bab928e4ecd6e7a00c74657696ea07d38c43f3bb5dc3190f2285cb80695cf7bf2f25c9b1f34fe1e0f9549****

The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm is a widely used cryptographic hash function that produces a 128-bit (16-byte) hash value, designed to ensure the integrity and consistency of transmitted information.

The content to be encrypted is composed of: <PBKDF2 Password> + "_" + <current system time as an integer in seconds>.

Example:

If the PBKDF2 Password is: 1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****

And the current system time is: 2024-09-20 17:12:13, then the precise time in seconds since epoch would be: 1726823533

Therefore, the complete information for generating the MD5 signature would be: 1e5b****80184 e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****_1726823533.

Methods for generating the MD5 signature:

• Use common online tools for encryption, such as MD5.

• Implement MD5 hashing in Java.

  package main;
  
  import java.security.MessageDigest;
  
  
  public class MD5 {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          String pbkdfPassword = "1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****";
          long timeSeconds=System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
          String key=pbkdfPassword+"_"+timeSeconds;
          System.out.println(MD5.getMD5String(key,"UTF-8"));
      }
  
      
      public static String getMD5String(String str, String charset) {
          try {
              MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
              messageDigest.reset();
              messageDigest.update(str.getBytes(charset));
              byte[] byteArray = messageDigest.digest();
  
              StringBuffer md5StrBuff = new StringBuffer();
  
              for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) {
                  if (Integer.toHexString(0xFF & byteArray[i]).length() == 1) {
                      md5StrBuff.append("0").append(
                          Integer.toHexString(0xFF & byteArray[i]));
                  } else {
                      md5StrBuff.append(Integer.toHexString(0xFF & byteArray[i]));
                  }
              }
              return md5StrBuff.toString().toLowerCase();
          } catch (Exception e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
              throw new RuntimeException("MD5 error:"+e.getMessage());
          }
      }
  }
  

• Implement MD5 hashing in Go.

  package main
   
  import (
      "crypto/md5"
      "encoding/hex"
      "fmt"
      "io"
      "time"
      "strconv"
  )
   
  func main() {
      // The string that needs to be hashed with MD5.
      pbkdfPassword := "1e5b****80184e78832544aae4d2e031a3539c10b575b75d7c1d44af49fcf5a7de9c58a5f0035ce35fff0e5b0476e882****"
      timeSeconds:= time.Now().Unix()
      key:=pbkdfPassword+"_"+strconv.FormatInt(timeSeconds, 10)
   
      // Calculate the MD5 hash of the string using the md5 package.
      hash := md5.New()
      io.WriteString(hash, key)
      md5Str := hash.Sum(nil)
   
      // Convert the binary MD5 value to a hexadecimal string.
      md5StrHex := hex.EncodeToString(md5Str)
   
      fmt.Println("MD5 of", key, "is", md5StrHex)
  }

The following table describes the parameters.

Example:

https://grafana-example.grafana.aliyuncs.com/d/TZWea****/test?orgId=1&from=167081684****&to=167083844****&aliyun_api_key_sign=c3bf89b867cc88df72d507edc4d1****&aliyun_api_key_timestamp=1726823533&aliyun_api_key_name=test1&aliyun_api_key_org_id=1

This way, you can dynamically generate a more secure password-free logon link to Grafana each time based on the program code and avoid service account token leaks.